Luquan Yi and Miao Autonomous County, Kunming City, Yunnan Province

Luquan Yi and Miao Autonomous County Luquan Yi and Miao Autonomous County is one of the counties under the jurisdiction of Kunming City, Yunnan Province. It has jurisdiction over 9 towns and 5 townships. It is located in the north of central Yunnan. Pingshan Town, the seat of the people's Government of Luquan County, is located at the southwest end of the county and at the foot of Xiuping mountain on the West Bank of Zhangjiu River, with an altitude of 1679 meters.

Luquan County is high in the northeast and low in the southwest. The main rivers are Zhangjiu River and Pudu river. The annual average temperature is 15.6 ℃, and the annual precipitation is 968.4 mm. The main mineral resources in Luquan County are iron, sulfur and phosphorus. The national goat skin production base and provincial chestnut production base. Luquan County is famous for its stone carvings on Santai mountain, inscriptions on Yi cliff, Wumeng jiaozi Snow Mountain Provincial Nature Reserve, etc.

In 2019, the GDP of the whole year will be 13237.97 million yuan, with a year-on-year growth of 3.8%. At the end of 2019, 489858 people registered residence in the county. Among them, 75902 were in town and 413956 in rural areas. 1831 people were moved into the country, 2291 people were moved out, 328172 were Han, 161686 were ethnic minorities, accounting for 33.01%.

Evolution of organizational system

The Warring States period and the Qin Dynasty belonged to Yunnan.

In the second year of Yuanfeng (109 BC) of Han Dynasty, it belonged to Yueyi county.

In the third year of Jianxing (225) of the Shuhan Dynasty, it was transferred to Jianning county.

Jin and the southern and Northern dynasties belong to ningzhou.

Sui belongs to the kunzhou Prefecture of Nanning Prefecture.

In the early Tang Dynasty, it belonged to the governor's office of Nanning. In the sixth year of Zhenguan (632), it was transferred to the prefecture of Rongzhou. Zhenguan 23 years (649 years) for Rongzhou Dudu Fu Qiuzhou.

Among the 37 dongsa departments in Nanzhao period, Luquan accounted for three, namely luowu department, zhangjiufakuai department and hongnongluquan department.

During the reign of song Chunxi (1174-1189), Minister a'er of Luopo built Yilong City, which was the earliest city built in the territory.

In the fourth year of Yuan Xianzong (1254), the Luopo tribe was attached to the Yuan Dynasty, and Yige was granted the title of Luopo wanhuhou. Xianzong seven years (1257) Li Luopo ten thousand households, Li Wei Chu Road.

In 1382, Wuding Road was changed to Wuding military and civilian government, which still led two prefectures and four counties. The government was located in Nandian village, Luxi office, Pingshan Town. Hongwu seventeen years, cut Yilong County into Luquan Prefecture. In 1389, the city of Luquan was built. Zhengde two years (1507) cut stone old county into Luquan Prefecture.

In 1566, the government of Wuding moved from Nandian village to Wuding. It was 184 years before and after the government was stationed in Nandian village.

In 1700, the inspection department of Pudu river was abolished. Kangxi 55 years (1716) to change the land flow.

Qianlong 30 years (1765) renamed Wuding house. In 1770, Wuding Prefecture was changed into Zhili Prefecture, zaihequ Prefecture and Luquan Prefecture into county. Wuding Zhili Prefecture led Yuanmou and Luquan counties.

In 1912, Luquan County was subordinate to Zhili Prefecture of Wuding. In 1913, dianzhongdao was established, Zhili Prefecture of Wuding was demoted as a county, Luquan County was subordinate to dianzhongdao. In 1915, dianzhongdao was abolished, and Luquan County was subordinate to Yunnan provincial office.

On December 13, 1949, Luquan was liberated, and on December 17, the military and Political Committee of Luquan County was established, which was subordinate to Wuding special district.

On January 12, 1950, the military and political Commission was abolished and the provisional people's government was established. On May 15 of the same year, Luquan County People's government was formally established. In April 1953, Wuding district was abolished and Chuxiong district was merged. In April 1958, Chuxiong Yi Autonomous Prefecture was established, and Luquan was followed. It was transferred to Kunming on September 9, 1983.

Pingshan Town was added in December 1972. In December 1980, Shuanghua commune was set up in shayingpan commune. Luquan County governs 18 communes, 1 town and 209 production teams. In April 1981, the Revolutionary Committee of the commune was renamed the commune management committee.

From the winter of 1983 to the first half of 1984, the original Pingshan commune was renamed Xiuping District, and Xingqiu township of Yunlong District was assigned to sayingpan district. Luquan County has 18 districts, 1 town, 191 townships and 3 township level offices.

On June 11, 1985, Luquan Yi and Miao Autonomous County was established with the approval of the State Council. On November 25 of the same year, the Autonomous County was officially established and still under the jurisdiction of Kunming city.

administrative division

Luquan Yi and Miao Autonomous County governs 3 towns, 13 townships, 2 communities and 195 administrative villages. The specific townships are Pingshan street, sayingpan Town, zhuanlong Town, Maoshan Township, Cuihua Township, Tuanjie Township, Yunlong Township, Zhongping Township, jiaopingdu Township, Tanglang Township, Malutang Township, Wudongde Township, Jiulong Township, zehei Township, Wumeng Township and Xueshan township.

geographical environment

Location context

Luquan Yi and Miao Autonomous County is a suburb of Kunming City in Yunnan Province. It is located in the north of central Yunnan, between 102 ° 14 ′～ 102 ° 56 ′ E and 25 ° 25 ′～ 26 ° 22 ′ n. It is adjacent to Dongchuan District in the northeast, XUNDIAN Hui and Yi Autonomous County in Kunming in the East, Fumin County in the south, Wuding County in Chuxiong Yi Autonomous Prefecture in the West and southwest, and Huili County and Huidong County in Sichuan Province across the Jinsha River in the north.

The territory of Luquan Yi and Miao Autonomous County is like pear leaf. It is narrow from east to west and long from north to south. The maximum horizontal distance between East and West is 69 km, and the maximum vertical distance between North and south is 105 km. The total area of Luquan County is 4378 square kilometers.

geology

Luquan Yi and Miao Autonomous County is located in the middle part of Hengduan Mountain range and Dianchi fault depression zone, with complex terrain. The mountains and deep rivers alternate with each other. The surface is cut by crisscross rivers. The south is relatively complete, and the middle and North are relatively broken. The most obvious is that the Pudu river flowing from south to North and the Zhangjiu River flowing from north to South cut the county into three large blocks and formed many fault zones. In the East and northeast of Cuihua, Zhongping, Jiulong, zhuanlong, Wumeng, Xueshan, zehei, Malutang and other areas, the crustal movement is intense, and earthquakes and landslides are frequent.

topographic features

In Luquan Yi and Miao Autonomous County, the terrain is high in the northeast and low in the southwest, with a gradual decline from northeast to southwest. Mazongling, the main peak of Wumeng snow mountain in the northeast of Xiongzhi, is the highest point with an altitude of 4247 meters; Xiaohekou at the confluence of Pudu River and Jinsha River is the lowest point with an altitude of 746 meters and a relative elevation difference of 3501 meters. Due to the great difference in terrain, the climate changes vertically, forming the characteristics of "one mountain is divided into four seasons, ten miles in different days". But the county is still moderate rainfall, mild climate, no severe cold in winter, no summer heat, four seasons such as spring. Among the high mountains, there are relatively gentle terraces and alluvial belts, called "Bazi", which is the main production area of grain and cash crops.

climate

Luquan County belongs to subtropical monsoon climate zone, and has obvious three-dimensional climate characteristics. The frost free period is 234 days, and the annual average precipitation is 966.4 mm. Jinsha River Valley and Pudu River Valley have hot and humid climate, with 28 villages, which are the main production areas of tropical food crops and cash crops in Luquan; 28 high and cold mountain villages are distributed in the East, North and west of the county, which are the main areas for the development of animal husbandry.

hydrology

There are 18 rivers with runoff area of 50 square kilometers in Luquan County, most of which have rapid flow and large drop. They have the superior conditions for the development of hydropower, and can be developed and utilized up to 220000 kilowatts.

natural resources

plant resources

There are more than 130 gymnosperms and 127 angiosperms in Luquan County. Timber forests include Yunnan pine, Huashan pine, Yunnan, Chinese fir, Abies, drought, Wutong, poplar, eucalyptus, camphor tree and Toona tree. The economic forests include tung oil, olive, mountain ballast, pepper, apple, orange, chestnut, walnut, etc. Among them, there are rare tree species, such as cycas, Abies fargesii, hemlock, Cephalotaxus, Rhododendron grandis, which belong to the second level national protection. There are more than 2000 kinds of wild animal and plant medicinal materials, 15 kinds of rare medicinal materials and 254 kinds of national key medicinal materials. There are many kinds of wild edible fungi, Tricholoma matsutake and Boletus are the main strains for export.. The wild rare and precious plants under the first to third level national protection include Taxus chinensis, Abies, Taxus chinensis, Cephalotaxus, Rhododendron flaviflora, Rhododendron grandis, meidengmu, etc.

In 2019, there will be 4.9706 million mu of forest land in the county. In the whole year, 346200 mu of afforestation was completed, including 101500 mu of artificial afforestation and 26500 mu of Closing Hillsides for afforestation. 1.4 million trees were planted voluntarily. The forest coverage rate was 60.28%.

mineral resources

There are more than ten kinds of mineral resources, such as copper, iron, zinc, aluminum, titanium, mirabilite, asbestos, limestone, etc., with large reserves, high grade, and high development value. Jiaozi snow mountain, the highest peak in Central Yunnan, is 4247 meters above sea level. It is a unique tourist scenic spot in Kunming area. It is rich in mineral resources. It mainly includes iron, copper, lead, zinc, silver, titanium, pyrite, phosphorus, mirabilite, asbestos, gypsum, limestone, etc. Among them, iron, copper, lead, zinc, titanium, pyrite, phosphorus and mirabilite are widely distributed and rich in reserves. According to the preliminary exploration conducted by the geological and mineral resources department, the titanium deposit is very large.

Water resources

Luquan is rich in hydropower resources and has great potential for development and utilization. In addition to Pudu River and Zhangjiu River, which run through the county, there are 21 rivers with runoff area of more than 50 square kilometers. With abundant precipitation, the annual precipitation is 4.224 billion cubic meters, and the annual runoff of groundwater is 6347.2 billion cubic meters. The theoretical reserve of hydropower is 898000 kW, of which 220000 kW can be developed and utilized, and 10829 kW has been developed and utilized, accounting for only 4.9% of the total.

Animal resources

There are dozens of wild animals, such as Swertia, muntjac and rock sheep, and hundreds of wild plants, such as Abies fargesii, cycas, Cinnamomum camphora, Catalpa bungei and Toona sinensis.

Chinese PinYin : Yun Nan Sheng Kun Ming Shi Lu Quan Yi Zu Miao Zu Zi Zhi Xian