Guandu District, Kunming City, Yunnan Province

Guandu District, affiliated to Kunming City, Yunnan Province, is one of the four main urban areas of Kunming. It is located in the southeast of Kunming main urban area and the North Bank of Dianchi Lake, adjacent to Yiliang County in the East, Chenggong District in the south, Songming County in the northeast, Dianchi Lake in the southwest, Panlong District in the northwest and Xishan District in the west, with a total area of 552 square kilometers. By the end of 2018, the permanent resident population of the whole region was 913900.

The altitude of the whole area ranges from 1886.6 to 2731 meters, and that of Pingba area ranges from 1900 to 2000 meters, belonging to low latitude and high altitude area. The standard elevation is 1891km, belonging to the subtropical plateau mountain monsoon climate of low latitude in north latitude.

By the end of 2014, Guandu District had jurisdiction over 8 streets and 82 communities. In 2018, the GDP of Guandu District was 122.320 billion yuan, and the per capita GDP was 132300 yuan according to the resident population.

In September 2018, the white paper on the development of China's top 100 districts in 2018 was published in Beijing and was elected as the top 100 districts in 2018. In November 2019, it will be selected as the second batch of counties (districts) that meet the water-saving society construction standards.

Historical evolution

"Guandu" means that Guandu ancient town was once an ancient ferry of Dianchi Lake, hence its name.

During the Warring States period, Chu general entered Yunnan and established "Dian state" along the Dianchi Lake. In the second year of Yuanfeng (109 BC) of the Western Han Dynasty, Yizhou county was set up in the southwest of China and Guchang county was set up in the Han Dynasty. In Shu Han Dynasty, the name of the county was still the same.

The name of the county in Wei, Jin, southern and Northern Dynasties is due to it. In the early Sui Dynasty, it was changed to kunzhou. In the Tang Dynasty, Guchang was changed into Yining County, which was governed by kunzhou.

During the period of Dali state in Song Dynasty, Gao set up a government office in cochdong, built an ancient city of Guandu and a statutory temple.

In 1275, Shanshan Prefecture improved the state, led Kunming and Guandu counties, and then abandoned the state. Zhongqing road was set up, and Guandu County entered Kunming County, which was the road administration. A ferry leading to Gaojia was set up in zhodong, hence the name of Guandu.

During the Tongzhi and Guangxu periods in the late Qing Dynasty, there were forty-eight castles at first, and then forty-two. Among them, Guandu, Yongfu, baicong, Ajiao, Qianwei, Xiyue, Puzi, Wangcheng, Luosi, Yiju, Yanjia, Xiongchuan, Dashu, fuze, Xiaozhuang, BOLUO, Jinma, Xiaoba, Banqiao, Changpo, Lianhua, Yongfeng and other fortresses were all under the jurisdiction of Guandu District before 2004.

In 1928, cities and counties were divided into cities. Kunming county is divided into eight districts, of which: one, two, three, four, five and one part of the eight districts are in this district.

In 1935, Kunming county was still divided into 8 districts, 39 townships and 6 towns.

In the 29th year of the Republic of China (1940), Kunming county was withdrawn from the District, with 10 townships and 6 towns.

After the founding of new China, Guandu District now belongs to the first, second, third and fourth districts of Kunming County, Wuding district.

In 1953, Kunming county was merged into Kunming City, and now Guandu District is the fifth, sixth and seventh district of Kunming city.

On October 19, 1956, with the approval of Yunnan Provincial People's Committee, Kunming Municipal People's Committee merged five and six districts under the jurisdiction of the former city and set up the Guandu District system.

In 1957, the fifth and sixth districts were merged into Guandu District, and the people's Government of the district was stationed in Guandu; the seventh district was still Longquan District, stationed in Boluo village, and later moved to Longtou street.

In 1959, the District People's government moved from Guandu town to Guanguan.

administrative division

Division evolution

On April 6, 1950, the people's Government of Kunming county was established, under the jurisdiction of Wuding special office, and the county government was stationed at No. 12, Ru'an street. The county is divided into six districts. Today, Guandu District belongs to one, two, three and four districts. District offices are set up in districts, and villages and towns attack the old. On August 30, Kunming county was put under the leadership of Kunming City by Wuding special office, and the county jurisdiction was established accordingly. There are 54 townships in the district (79 townships in the land reform period).

In 1958, the seven townships in the urban area were divided into Guandu District and Longquan district. On December 21, Longquan district was removed and merged into Guandu District.

In December 1960, with the approval of the people's Committee of Yunnan Province, Xiaoshao area (seven production teams belonging to the collective of Xiaoshao breeding stock farm) was incorporated into Guandu District by Songming County.

In September 1962, some production brigades of the first, second and third state farms in Kunming City were assigned to Guandu District, and the alliance commune, Jinma commune and Yiliu commune were established respectively.

In January 1980, the sub district reform committee of the district reform committee was abolished, and three sub district offices, Guanshang, Ciba and Xiaoba, were established respectively. In March 1981, the new niujiezhuang sub district office was established, all of which were named after the residence.

Around 1981, the revolutionary committees of the communes were abolished and the names of the commune management committee and the production brigade management committee were restored. In June, the district Revolutionary Committee was abolished and the District People's government was established.

In 1982, the Donghua brigade of Jinma commune was abolished. There are still 135 regional brigades.

In February 1984, 15 communes were transformed into local (rural) offices of the District People's government. The first 135 brigades were merged into 122 townships (small townships), including 12 Yi townships. Each township has its own people's government.

On June 3, 2004, after the zoning adjustment, Guandu District has an administrative area of 552.21 square kilometers, an urban built-up area of 67 square kilometers, and jurisdiction over 4 streets, 3 towns and 4 townships.

On January 12, 2006, Xiaoshao township was abolished, and its administrative region was merged into Dabanqiao Town, where the town government was stationed. On April 17 of the same year, Guandu town and Xiaobanqiao town were abolished and their respective sub district offices were set up. The district government moved back to Guandu street.

In May 2008, alayi township was entrusted by Kunming National Economic and Technological Development Zone.

In January 2010, ALA Yi township was abolished and ALA street was established.

In 2014, Kunming Airport Economic Zone and Dabanqiao street were divided into central Yunnan new area.

Zoning details

As of the end of July 2016, Guandu District has jurisdiction over 10 streets and 1 national economic and Technological Development Zone.

Politics

Deputy Secretary of district Party committee: Zhou Yan (nominated district head)

geographical environment

Location context

Guandu District is located between longitude 102 ° 38 ′～ 103 ° 03 ′, latitude 24 ° 54 ′～ 25 ° 17 ′, Southeast of Kunming City, North Bank of Dianchi Lake, Yiliang County in the East, Chenggong District in the south, Songming County in the northeast, Dianchi Lake in the southwest, Panlong District in the Northwest and Xishan District in the West. It is 40.5 kilometers wide from east to west and 39 kilometers long from north to south, covering a total area of 552 square kilometers.

Geology and geomorphology

The terrain of Guandu District is Plateau Basin, composed of hills, medium and low mountains, and the terrain is high in the northeast. It gradually decreases in the shape of a ladder to the south-west and inclines from the north-east to the south-west with an azimuth of about 203 degrees. The middle mountain area is in the north, East and Southeast, and the low mountain and hilly area is in the middle. The altitude of the whole area is between 1886.6-2731 meters, and that of Pingba area is 1900-2000 meters, belonging to low latitude and high altitude area. The standard elevation is 1891m.

Zhongshan area: Southeast of the upper reaches of Baoxiang River and northwest of the middle reaches of Panlong River, with steep mountains, large relative elevation difference and undulating terrain. Low mountain and hilly area: it is located between Panlong River and Baoxiang River, and between the middle mountain area and the basin, with gentle mountains and small relative elevation. Basin dam area: Kunming slope shape, backed by mountains, facing the Dianchi Lake, Yuantian extensive, Sui wave thousand heavy, can be called the golden treasure. Most of the main rivers flow into Dianchi Lake from northeast to southwest according to the general trend of topography. There are five soil types: red soil, purple soil, limestone soil, paddy soil and swamp soil.

There are many mountains and rivers in Guandu District, 60% of which are shallow cut landforms in Zhongshan, 15% of which are plateau hills and flat dams, and 25% of which are plateau basins, which constitute a stepped and inclined terrain with high northeast and low southwest. The mountains belong to Liangwang mountain system, with 318 large and small mountains ranging from 1925 to 2630 meters above sea level.

climate

Guandu District has a low latitude subtropical plateau mountain monsoon climate in north latitude. Due to the influence of the warm and humid air flow in the southwest of the Indian Ocean, the sunshine is long, the frost period is short, the annual average temperature is 15 ℃, the annual average sunshine is about 2200 hours, and the frost free period is more than 240 days. The climate is mild, no heat in summer, no cold in winter, four seasons like spring, pleasant climate, annual precipitation 1035 mm, with typical temperate climate characteristics. The dominant wind direction is southwest, and the wind force is generally 2-3.

hydrology

There are 35 rivers in Guandu District, which belong to Jinsha River system and Pearl River system. Pudu River, a tributary of the Yangtze River system, and Panlong River and Baoxiang River, a tributary of the Niulan River, flow into Dianchi Lake from northeast to southwest. Panlong River and Baoxiang River are two main rivers in the region, with a drainage area of 809.8 square kilometers, accounting for 79% of the total land area. The main channel of Panlong River is 46.4 km, and Guandu District is 41.1 km, with a total runoff area of 847 square km. Huajiang River and Shuanglong River, tributaries of Niulan River, flow northward from the East and north to Songming County. Other rivers, such as Jinzhi River, Maliao River, Baisha River, Mingtong River, Daqing River and Jiancao River, which come from the urban area and discharge urban sewage, flow from northeast to southwest and flow into Dianchi Lake.

natural resources

land resource

According to the survey results of land use change in 2005, the total area of land in Guandu District is 63549.00 square kilometers, of which agricultural land is still the main part (44092.83 square kilometers), accounting for 69.38%, followed by construction land (13128.59 square kilometers), accounting for 20.66%, and unused land is the smallest (6327.58 square kilometers), accounting for 9.96%.

Among the secondary land types, forest land is the most important

Chinese PinYin : Yun Nan Sheng Kun Ming Shi Guan Du Qu