ABA County, Aba Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture, Sichuan Province

ABA County ABA County, subordinate to Aba Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture of Sichuan Province, is located in the southeast edge of the Qinghai Tibet Plateau, at the intersection of Sichuan, Gansu and Qinghai provinces. It borders on Ruoergai County, Hongyuan County, malkang City, Langtang county and Maqu County of Gansu Province, Jiuzhi county and Bama County of Qinghai Province. It is a county mainly engaged in animal husbandry, farming, animal husbandry and forestry. It is a typical old, young, border, poor and sick area .

ABA county was peacefully liberated in August 1951, established in January 1954, and implemented democratic reform in 1959. The county covers an area of 10435 square kilometers. As of the end of 2018, ABA county has jurisdiction over 2 towns, 2 farms and 17 townships, with a total population of 81600. The Tibetan population of the whole county accounts for 94.1% of the total population, and it is a county inhabited mainly by Tibetan ethnic minorities. ABA county tourism resources include shenzuo scenic spot, lianbaoyeze scenic spot, Manzetang wetland, ronganke River Canyon and other natural landscapes.

In 2017, ABA county achieved a GDP of 1.095 billion yuan, of which the added value of the primary industry was 376 million yuan, the added value of the secondary industry was 210 million yuan, and the added value of the tertiary industry was 507 million yuan.

On February 18, 2020, withdraw from poverty-stricken counties.

Historical evolution

ABA county has a long history. In ancient times, human beings lived. In the early Tang Dynasty, 168 Jiying prefectures were set up in Jiannan Road, and ABA was under the jurisdiction of the governor of Songzhou Prefecture. in the early years of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty, it belonged to panzhouwei; in the years of Yongle (1403-1424), the upper, middle and lower ABA belonged to songpanwei, which was called sanaba. During the reign of Emperor Kangxi of Qing Dynasty (1662-1722), ABA was also incorporated into the songpanting system; in the first year of Yongzheng (1723), jiaerduo, maisang and anqiang GuanZhai were granted Tuqian households; mahiu, qiawo, aergen, xueyugong and langluo were Tubai households under the jurisdiction of zhanglaying of songpanting. during the period of the Republic of China (1912-1949), it was under the jurisdiction of Songpan county and formed 11 large tribes and 37 small tribes, gradually known as ABA. In December 1951, the people's Government of Aba Tibetan Autonomous Region was established. In January 1954, the southwest administrative committee approved the establishment of counties. In March 1956, ABA county was officially completed.

administrative division

By the end of 2018, ABA county has jurisdiction over 3 towns, 17 townships and 2 farms: ABA Town, Jialuo Town, maerma Town, waerma Township, MaiKun Township, Hezhi Township, longzang Township, qiujima Township, jiaerduo Township, Gemo Township, dege Township, Siwa Township, Andou Township, Kehe Township, kusha Township, anqiang Township, Charlie Township, Rongan Township, luoerda Township, ruokehe farm and jiakehe ranch. ABA County People's government is located in Aba town.

geographical environment

Location context

ABA county is located in the southeast edge of the Qinghai Tibet Plateau and the northwest of Aba Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture, at the junction of Sichuan, Gansu and Qinghai provinces, between 101 ° 18 ′ - 102 ° 35 ′ E and 32 ° 18 ′ - 33 ° 37 ′ n. The county covers an area of 10435 square kilometers.

topographic features

The terrain of ABA County inclines from northwest to Southeast. The average altitude of nianboyeze mountain in northwest is more than 4900 meters, and the highest peak is 5154 meters, with snow all the year round. In the north, echixiangshan is the natural barrier. In the southeast, there is Ayla mountain. In the north and East, there are broad plateau shallow hills and grassland. In the West and middle, there are deep hilly grassland, which gradually transits to the South Alpine Canyon forest. The height of ABA county is from 0 The altitude decreased from 5141 to 2936 meters. The landforms are divided into three different landforms: hilly plateau and flat plateau in Northeast China; basins and plateau mountain areas in central and Western China; high and middle mountain valley and forest areas in South China. The landforms are characterized by transition from plateau mountain to high mountain gorge. The landforms are divided into three different landforms: hilly plateau and flat plateau in Northeast China; basins and plateau mountain areas in central and Western China; high and middle mountain valley and forest areas in South China. The landforms are characterized by transition from plateau mountain to high mountain gorge.

climate

ABA county belongs to the plateau cold temperate semi humid monsoon climate, connected with spring and autumn, distinct in the rainy season. The average annual precipitation is 712 mm, and the precipitation in wet season (may October) is concentrated, accounting for 89.6% of the whole year. The annual average temperature is 3.3 ℃, the sunshine is sufficient, the temperature difference between day and night is large, there is no absolute frost free period in the whole year, and the relative frost free period is 33 days.

hydrology

ABA county is located in the east of the Qinghai Tibet Plateau, in the trough area of yankala mountain in Baqian, and in the headwaters of the Yangtze River and Yellow River tributaries in the north corner of the Western Sichuan Plateau. The county is divided into the Yangtze River and yellow river systems. There are the maerqu River, Aker River, Jiaqu River and their tributaries, gullies, and big and small Haizi (plateau lakes).

natural resources

land resource

ABA county has a total land area of 15.6525 million mu, with a forest coverage rate of 10.30%. Forestry land area is 3.1842 million mu, accounting for 20.96% of the total land area of the county; non forestry land area is 12.044 million mu, accounting for 79.03% of the total land area of the county. In the forest land, there are 1177100 mu of forest land, accounting for 36.99%. Shrub land is 1983100 mu, accounting for 62.227%; sparse forest land is 17500 mu, accounting for 0.55%; no forest land is 6235 mu, accounting for 0.19%; nursery land is 173 mu, accounting for 0.005%.

mineral resources

ABA county is rich in mineral resources, including lignite, peat, iron, copper, silver, arsenic, lead, zinc, tin, gold and other rich mineral resources, with lignite reserves of 2 billion tons.

Hydropower resources

The theoretical reserve of water energy in Aba county is 1.476 million kilowatts, and the exploitable capacity is 837 million kilowatts. At present, only 3415 kilowatts are developed, and the annual power generation is 14.23 million kilowatts, accounting for 2% of the exploitable capacity. The rich water energy resources have great development potential. in Aba County, aqu River, maerqu River and Jiaqu River, the tributaries of the Yangtze River and yellow river systems, cross three natural areas, with 26 rivers with a drainage area of more than 100 square kilometers. Among them, there are 11 in the Yellow River Basin and 15 in the Yangtze River Basin; there are 6 in the area of 50-100 square kilometers. The water quantity of the secondary tributaries is relatively concentrated, and the water quantity of the primary tributaries is rich, so there are conditions for water energy development. most of the hydropower resources in Aba county are located in aqu (River) in the middle and maerqu (River) in the southwest. The aqu river runs through the county with a total length of 151 km and a drainage area of 4292 square kilometers. The maximum flow is 210 m3 / s, the minimum flow is 8.9 m3 / s, the annual average runoff is 900 million m3, the annual average flow of the estuary is 59 m3 / s, and there is a natural drop of 1350 m, which can be utilized The drop is 395m and the average gradient is 8.9 ‰. The maerqu river basin is 2437.6 square kilometers, the river length of the county is 75 kilometers, the drop is 300 meters, and the average gradient is 1.6 ‰. The annual runoff is 1.661 billion cubic meters, accounting for 94.42% of the county's hydropower resources. The Yellow River system is 4900 kilowatts, accounting for 5.58% of the county's hydropower resources.

Biological resources

The distribution of trees in Aba county is mostly composed of single tree species or species with similar ecological characteristics, and the vertical band spectrum is obvious. It can be divided into coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest, subalpine dark coniferous forest and alpine shrub meadow. There are mainly Picea koraiensis, Abies koraiensis, Rhododendron cryptophyllum, Lonicera tibetana, acanthopanax senticosus, etc. There are 97 kinds of mushroom. Precious edible fungi are golden ear, cup umbrella, throat fungus, Ganoderma lucidum, etc. There are 164 species of wild animals, including Sichuan golden monkey, clouded leopard, snow leopard, Tibetan wild donkey, white deer, white crane, Chinese merganser, Golden Eagle, black necked Crane, etc. There are 14 species of wild animals under first-class national protection. There are 54 species of wild animals under the second class national protection.

population

By the end of 2018, the population of ABA County registered residence was 81 thousand and 600, a decrease of 480 persons compared to 2017, including 41 thousand and 200 males and 40 thousand and 400 females. Among the total population, there are 77200 Tibetans, accounting for 94.6%; 415 Qiang, accounting for 0.5%; 1714 Hui, accounting for 2.1%; 2231 Han, accounting for 2.7%. by the end of 2018, there were 77300 permanent residents in Aba County, with the urbanization rate of 29.31%, 1.21% higher than that in 2017. The birth rate was 17.04 ‰, the death rate was 3.17 ‰, and the natural growth rate was 13.87 ‰.

Economics

overview

In 2017, ABA county achieved a GDP of 1.095 billion yuan, a year-on-year growth of 3.9% at comparable prices. Among them: the added value of the primary industry was 376 million yuan, with a year-on-year growth of 2.5%, contributing 21.1% to economic growth and driving 0.8% to economic growth; the added value of the secondary industry was 210 million yuan, with a year-on-year growth of 1.9%, contributing 10.1% to economic growth and driving 0.4%; the added value of the tertiary industry was 507 million yuan, with a year-on-year growth of 5.8%, contributing 68.8% to economic growth and driving economic growth 2.7%。 The three industrial structure of GDP was adjusted from 34.2:20.2:45.6 in 2016 to 34.4:19.2:46.4. Among them, the proportion of primary industry increased by 0.2%, the proportion of secondary industry decreased by 1%, and the proportion of tertiary industry increased by 0.8%. in 2017, the added value of private economy in Aba county was 560 million yuan, with a year-on-year growth of 3.6%, accounting for 51.2% of the GDP, 0.3% higher than that in 2016, and its contribution rate to GDP growth was 46.4%. Among them, the economic added value of the primary industry was 300 million yuan, a year-on-year increase of 3.6%; the economic added value of the secondary industry was 124 million yuan, a year-on-year increase of 2.7%; the economic added value of the tertiary industry was 135 million yuan, a year-on-year increase of 4.3%. in 2017, ABA county completed the construction of fixed assets of the whole society

Chinese PinYin : Si Chuan Sheng A Ba Cang Zu Qiang Zu Zi Zhi Zhou A Ba Xian