Baoxing County, Ya'an City, Sichuan Province

Baoxing County, belonging to Ya'an City, Sichuan Province, is located in the west of Sichuan Province and the western edge of Sichuan Basin, with a total area of 3114 square kilometers. It governs 3 towns, 5 townships and Qiaoqi Tibetan townships, with a population of 58335 (at the end of 2010).

Baoxing county is adjacent to Lushan in the East, Tianquan in the south, Kangding in the west, Xiaojin in the north, and Wenchuan in the northeast, 200 kilometers away from Chengdu. Baoxing Fengtongzhai is the first place in the world where giant pandas are found, known as the "hometown of giant pandas". In 2013, the GDP of Baoxing County reached 2.052 billion yuan, and the per capita GDP reached 34000 yuan.

On June 30, 2020, it will be included in the list of counties in the second batch of revolutionary cultural relics protection and utilization areas. On July 29, 2020, it will be included in the list of national health towns (counties) to be reconfirmed in 2019.

Evolution of organizational system

Baoxing county is more than 4000 years ago. During the spring and Autumn period and the Warring States period, it was the seat of the Qiang state in Qingyi, where the Qiang people lived.

During the Qin and Han Dynasties, the Han people moved in and set up Qingyi County, which belongs to Shu county.

Jin belongs to Hanjia county.

In the early years of Wude of Tang Dynasty, Lingguan county was set up, and Jimi Prefecture was to the north of Lingguan. It is subordinate to the governor of Yazhou.

At the end of the Yuan Dynasty, it was called Dongbu, and Lamaism was introduced. The Qiang people in Qingyi were transferred to the Tibetan people, and they were subordinate to the Tibetan xuanweisi. The Tu chieftain ruled and attached to the imperial court.

In the Ming Dynasty, following the Tusi system of the Yuan Dynasty, Dong Bu Han Hu Xuanwei envoy was set up, and the hereditary Tusi position was continued in the Qing Dynasty.

It was renamed Muping during the reign of Emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty.

In 1929, Muping chieftain was abolished.

The county was established in 1930. Because the local mineral resources are rich, it is named Baoxing after the meaning of the book of rites, the doctrine of the mean: "today's Fu mountain has a vast volume of stones, plants grow clouds, animals live in it, and treasures flourish.".

From June 24 to February 25 of the Republic of China (June 1935 to February 1936), the Chinese workers' and peasants' Red Army passed through Baoxing during the long march and established the Baoxing Soviet regime.

In 1939, Xikang was established as a province under the jurisdiction of "Kang, Ning and Ya". Baoxing was subordinate to the second administrative supervision area of Xikang until liberation.

On May 15, 1950, Baoxing was liberated.

In 1952, the Central People's Government of the people's Republic of China abolished the administrative districts in eastern, western, southern and Northern Sichuan and restored the organizational system of Sichuan Province.

In 1951, the Second District of administrative supervision was renamed Ya'an special office, and Baoxing belonged to Ya'an special office.

In 1955, Xikang province was abolished, the east of Jinsha River was put under Sichuan Province, and Baoxing was under Ya'an special office of Sichuan Province.

In 1981, the Ya'an special office was renamed Ya'an District, and Baoxing belongs to Ya'an district.

In 2000, Ya'an was set up as a city, and Baoxing was subordinate to Ya'an City.

administrative division

By the end of 2013, Baoxing county had jurisdiction over three towns, five townships and one ethnic township: Muping Town, Lingguan Town, Longdong Town, Fengtongzhai Township, Qiaoqi Tibetan Township, Yongfu Township, Mingli Township, Wulong Township and Daxi township. The people's Government of Baoxing county is located in Muping town.

geographical environment

Location context

Baoxing county is located in the western edge of Sichuan Basin, adjacent to Lushan in the East, Tianquan in the south, Kangding in the west, Xiaojin in the north, Wenchuan in the northeast, and 200 km away from Chengdu. It is a transitional zone between Chengdu Plain and Western Sichuan Plateau. The county is 61 kilometers wide from east to west and 81 kilometers long from north to south, covering an area of 3114 square kilometers.

Climatic characteristics

Baoxing county has a tropical monsoon humid climate, showing a typical three-dimensional climate. Most of the areas have mild climate, no severe cold in winter and no intense heat in summer, especially in jiajinshan area. The annual average temperature is 15 degrees, the frost free period is 319 days, the annual rainfall is 993.7mm, and the annual sunshine is 789 hours. Generally speaking, it has the characteristics of no severe cold in winter, no severe heat in summer, late spring and early autumn, and four distinct seasons.

topographic features

Baoxing county has dense folds and developed faults, forming a landform dominated by high mountains. The terrain is high in the northwest and low in the southeast, with rugged surface. The highest peak is 5 328 meters above sea level, the lowest is 750 meters in Baoxing River Valley of Daxi Township, and the relative elevation difference is 4 578 meters. According to altitude, the area is divided into three geomorphic types: high mountain, middle mountain, low mountain and Valley Flat dam.

High mountain area: above 3500, mainly distributed in Yongfu and Qiaoqi townships. The natural vegetation in this area is well preserved.

Zhongshan District: below 3500 meters above sea level, more than 1000 meters, accounting for 67% of the total area, is the main distribution area of cultivated land in the county.

Low mountain and Valley Flat dam area: below 1000m, above 750m, mainly distributed in Lingguan area.

hydrology

The rivers in the county belong to Baoxing River in the upper reaches of Qingyi River, the second tributary of Minjiang River system, and belong to the grid water system with the confluence of trunk and tributaries of 90 degrees. Taking the east stream as the main stream, the flow direction is basically from north to south. The river mostly flows in the "∨" shaped Valley, with a natural drop of 3330 meters. Due to the dense vegetation, the flow is rich and stable. The flow rate of the river is large, and the flood is easy to rise and fall. The runoff is mainly supplied by precipitation, the amount of snow melting and groundwater is very small, and the total rainfall collection area is nearly 3200 square kilometers. It has the characteristics of large gradient, large velocity and stable runoff.

natural resources

mineral resources

The famous marble products of Baoxing include "Baoxing white", "blue and white", "blue and white gray", "Oriental White", etc., and the top granite products include "China Green", "Baoxing ink crystal", "cauliflower yellow", "emerald green", etc. There are more than 30 kinds of precious stones, with a total reserves of more than 3 billion cubic meters. Among them, "Baoxing white" marble is the most famous, which is praised as "the whitest in the world". It has the characteristics of large reserves, high purity, high quality, good whiteness and easy exploitation. Baoxing stone can be sculptured, can be processed plate, can produce calcium carbonate series products, can be comprehensive development, flexible change, quickly adapt to the market.

Baoxing also has gypsum, potash, coal, lead-zinc, copper nickel, antimony, gold, manganese, jade and other mineral resources, all of which have great reserves and development value. Among them, potash ore and manganese ore belong to medium-sized ore deposits and gypsum ore belongs to large-scale ore deposits.

Biological resources

Baoxing county is rich in biological resources with obvious biodiversity. There are 164 families, 566 genera and 1054 species of vascular plants alone, accounting for 70%, 34% and 11% of the province respectively; there are 29 orders, 77 families and 377 species and subspecies of wild vertebrates, accounting for 69%, 59% and 29% of the province respectively. Among them, Baoxing has 1 species of first-class protected plants and 5 species of second-class protected plants; 9 species of first-class protected animals and 33 species of second-class protected animals; 30 species of model plants and subspecies and 51 species of animals named after Baoxing producing area. The world's first type specimen of giant panda is produced in Baoxing. At the same time, Baoxing is also the place where the largest number of living giant pandas are provided for scientific research and exhibition abroad, known as the "hometown of giant pandas". Baoxing is also a paradise for the class and thrush. There are only 20 families in China, while Baoxing has 12 families and 42 thrush industries. Baoxing county has a good ecology. The forest area of Baoxing county is 1.94 million mu, 95% of which is virgin forest. There is also the largest wild osmanthus community in Western China - ganyanggou Shili osmanthus forest. The forest coverage rate of Baoxing county is 48%, and the vegetation coverage rate is 72%. There are 1046000 mu of available grass mountains, grass slopes and grassland in Baoxing County, and there is a state-level osmanthus forest dominated by "Baoxing Dactylis" Grass seed base. Baoxing is also known as the "hometown of divine medicine". There are more than 600 kinds of medicinal plants in the county, including Fritillaria cirrhosa, Gastrodia elata, Eucommia ulmoides, Magnolia officinalis, Saussurea involucrata, Phellodendron amurense and other precious medicinal materials.

Hydropower resources

Baoxing river is mainly the Baoxing River in the upper reaches of Qingyi River. The East River is located above the two estuaries of Muping town. It originates from sandaoping on the south slope of Jiajin mountain and meets the West River at the two estuaries. The total length of Baoxing river is 79.48 km and the drainage area is 1396 square km. Xihe River is the largest tributary of Baoxing river. It originates from denglonggou in the northwest of Yongfu Township, with a total length of 56.5 kilometers and a drainage area of 1350 square kilometers. The East and West rivers meet at the two estuaries of Muping town and are called Baoxing river. It flows out of Lingguan Tongtou gorge and meets with Lushan River, with a total length of 104.38 kilometers. Along the way, there are 24 tributaries, most of which are dendritic. Baoxing river has two characteristics: one is stable runoff, the other is large natural fall.

Population nationality

population

According to statistics, by the end of 2016, the total number of households in the county was 21495 (annual report of Public Security), a decrease of 0.5%; the total population was 58732, an increase of 0.4%. Among them, the agricultural population was 41951, an increase of 0.2%, accounting for 71.4% of the total population; the non-agricultural population was 16781, an increase of 1.0%, accounting for 28.6% of the total population. 679 people were born in the county, the birth rate was 11.6 ‰, the death rate was 5.9 ‰, and the natural growth rate was 5.70 ‰. At the end of the year, there were 58100 permanent residents, 24500 urban residents and 33600 rural residents. The urbanization rate was 42.2%, 1.35 percentage points higher than that of the previous year.

nation

Baoxing county is mainly Han nationality, accounting for 81.83%. The minority population accounts for 18.17%, including Yi, Tibetan, Qiang, Miao, Hui, Mongolian, Tujia, Lisu, man, Dong, Yao, Naxi, Buyi, Bai, Zhuang and Dai. The Tibetan population accounts for 17.56%.

Economics

overview

In 2016, Baoxing county achieved a GDP of 2869.88 million yuan, an increase of 10.3%. Among them: the added value of the primary industry was 35211 million yuan, an increase of 3.6%, contributing 4.5% to the economic growth, pulling GDP by 0.5 percentage points; the added value of the secondary industry was 1913.31 million yuan, an increase of 12.1%, contributing 80.5% to the economic growth, pulling GDP by 8.3 percentage points

Chinese PinYin : Si Chuan Sheng Ya An Shi Bao Xing Xian