Wuzhishan City, a county-level administrative region directly under the central government of Hainan Province

Wuzhishan Wuzhishan City is a county-level city directly under the central government of Hainan Province. It is located in the central and southern hinterland of Hainan Island. It is the central city and transportation hub in the central part of Hainan Island, and also the settlement of ethnic minorities in the central part of Hainan Province.

Wuzhishan City is a famous "emerald mountain city", named after Wuzhishan, the highest mountain on Hainan Island. There are Wuzhishan tropical rain forest, Hainan National Museum, qizhiling, tropical botanical garden, Chinese cultural village, Wolong mountain, Taipingshan waterfall, Qiongzhou University, hailui ancestral residence, QiongYa public school Memorial Pavilion, Yinggeling, Ganshiling, National Museum, fanggu Li village and Baisha Uprising Memorial Hall, Xianlong cave, Li Miao national song and dance corridor, Mu se tourist resort and other scenic spots.

Historically, Wuzhishan is the economic, political and cultural center of southern Hainan Island. It is the capital of the Autonomous Prefecture, and has jurisdiction over Tongshi, Sanya and Ledong, Baoting, Baisha, Dongfang, Qiongzhong, Lingshui and Changjiang counties.

In March 2017, he was shortlisted in the list of "2017 top 100 deep breathing small cities". In November 2018, it was identified as the first batch of innovative counties (cities) by the Ministry of science and technology. On February 29, 2020, we will withdraw from the sequence of poor counties.

Historical evolution

History of construction

Wuzhishan was called tongshidong in ancient times. "Tongshi" is a place name. In Li language, "Tongshi" refers to the contiguous fields in the valley. After the evolution of Tongshi Township, Tongshi Town, Tongshi city. "Tongshi" is the Chinese character of Li language, translated and written in Hainan dialect, and read t ō ngz á.

Before March of 1935, Tongshi Prefecture belonged to Ya county (now Sanya City), Ding'an County and Lingshui County.

In March 1935, the national government of Guangdong set up Baisha, Baoting and Le'an counties in Wuzhishan area, which were subordinate to QiongYa appeasement office. In December 1936, it was subordinate to the office of administrative inspector of the Ninth District of Guangdong Province. Tongshi Prefecture belongs to Baoting County, Baisha County and Ledong County.

In February 1947, the guard camp of QiongYa independent column and the advancing team besieged Shuiman, defeated the local armed Shuiman joint defense brigade of Kuomintang, and established the democratic government of Shuiman township.

In early April of the same year, the Central Committee decided to change the CPC QiongYa special committee into the CPC QiongYa District Committee (hereinafter referred to as the Party committee of QiongYa District), directly under the leadership of the Central Committee and the Hong Kong Branch.

In June 1948, Wuzhishan area was liberated. Wuzhishan revolutionary base was formally formed.

In November 1958, according to the decision of the Guangdong Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China, the CPC Hainan Li and Miao Autonomous Prefecture Committee was abolished, and the people's Committee of the Prefecture was moved to Haikou to work together with Hainan administrative office.

In January 1961, with the approval of the Guangdong provincial Party committee of the Communist Party of China, the original office of the Autonomous Prefecture was restored, and in March 1962, it moved back to Tongshi town (now Wuzhishan City). In 1961, the newly established Changjiang County was under the jurisdiction of the Autonomous Prefecture. During this period, eight counties were under the jurisdiction of the Autonomous Prefecture.

In May 1984, with the approval of the State Council, Ya county was withdrawn from the county and Sanya City (county level) was established.

In June 1986, with the approval of the State Council, Tongshi city was established (at the county level). Since then, the autonomous prefecture has jurisdiction over 7 counties and 2 cities, and continues to enjoy preferential treatment under the policy of regional ethnic autonomy.

On January 25, 1987, the Party committee and the people's Government of Hainan Li and Miao Autonomous Prefecture held a ceremony in Tongshi people's Square to celebrate the founding of Tongshi city. In December of the same year, according to the decision of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, Hainan established a provincial special economic zone and abolished Hainan Li and Miao Autonomous Prefecture.

In July 2001, Wuzhishan City changed its name from Tongshi city to Wuzhishan City. Under the jurisdiction of Chongshan Town, Nansheng Town, Maoyang Town, Fanyang Town, Shuiman Township, Changhao Township and maodao Township, there are seven townships.

Leadership inspection

In 1979, Ye Jianying, chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress, visited Tongshi town.

On February 5, 1987, a Pei a Wang Jin Mei, vice chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress, inspected fanmaoli village in Tongshi city.

In January 1988, Xi Zhongxun, vice chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress, visited Tongshi.

In the same month, Jiang Zemin, member of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee, Secretary of the Shanghai municipal Party committee and mayor, visited Tongshi.

In January 1989, vice president Wang Zhen went to Tongshi to inspect the work.

On September 7, 1991, UN Deputy Secretary General Ji Chaozhu paid a working visit to Tongshi city.

In February 1993, duo jicairang, Vice Minister of the Ministry of civil affairs and chairman of the people's Government of the Tibet Autonomous Region, visited Tongshi.

In the same year, on May 11, Mozambican Prime Minister mashungo visited Tongshi.

administrative division

With the approval of Hainan provincial government, Chongshan town of Wuzhishan City was officially renamed Tongshi town on the morning of June 15, 2012.

Wuzhishan City governs Tongshi Town, Nansheng Town, Maoyang Town, Fanyang Town, Shuiman Township, Changhao Township and maodao township.

geographical environment

position

Wuzhishan City is located in the hinterland of Wuzhishan in the south central part of Hainan Island, adjacent to Baoting County in the southeast, Ledong County in the west, Baisha County and Qiongzhong County in the north. The geographical coordinates are 109 ° 19 ′ - 109 ° 44 ′ E and 18 ° 38 ′ - 19 ° 02 ′ n, covering an area of 1128.98 square kilometers.

traffic

After 20 years of efforts, the Hainan Ring Expressway in Hainan's "Tian" shaped expressway network has been completed, creating good transportation conditions for the rapid economic and social development of Hainan; the Hainan middle Expressway in Hainan's "Tian" shaped expressway network through Wuzhishan City is under construction

landforms

According to geological data, the base of the mountain is covered by intermediate acid extrusive rocks 140-170 million years ago. Due to the long-term strong erosion and cutting of natural factors, the peaks rise and fall one after another, and the shape is like five fingers, hence the name. In the territory, the mountains fluctuate, the river valleys crisscross, and the terrain inclines from east to west.

climate

Wuzhishan area is warm in winter and cool in summer, free from cold wave and typhoon. Due to the unique climate conditions, Wuzhishan has a wide range of biological species, and the vegetation distribution is a tropical natural landscape. The composition of the land is mainly composed of medium acid shotcrete, and the withered and fallen leaves of the vegetation over the years are rotten, so the land is more fertile and suitable for the growth of tropical and subtropical plants.

Wuzhi Mountain is rich in light, heat and water resources due to its high altitude, low latitude, dense forest. The climate here is mild and belongs to tropical mountainous area. The annual average temperature is 22.4 degrees, the average temperature in January is 17 degrees, the average temperature in July is 26 degrees, and the extreme maximum temperature is 35.9 degrees. The annual average rainfall is 1690 mm, the extreme maximum rainfall is 2810.4 mm, the extreme minimum rainfall is 1055.5 mm, the annual average relative humidity is 84%, and the annual average sunshine is about 2000 hours. It is known as "natural villa" and "Emerald City".

natural resources

mineral resources

It is rich in mineral resources. Kaolin, marble, granite, graphite ore, mineral water and so on have high mining value.

Biological resources

There is a forest area in the city

860 square kilometers. There are 1400 kinds of woody plants in the forest, 150 kinds of high-grade precious wood, 1000 kinds of medicinal plants, and more than 100 kinds of valuable orchids in Wuzhishan. There are many kinds of animals in Wuzhi Mountain, including 524 kinds of wild animals, accounting for 22.2% of the national animal species. Many biological species are unique to Wuzhi Mountain. There are more than 600 kinds of butterflies in Wuzhishan tropical rainforest, accounting for 50% of China's butterfly species. It is the only butterfly species listed as the first-class national wildlife protection.

Mountain evergreen broad-leaved forest mountain evergreen broad-leaved forest is dominated by tropical and subtropical plants. Such as Betula platyphylla, Lauraceae, Hamamelidaceae and so on. There are also a few temperate genera, such as Carpinus in Hainan special zone of Corylaceae, Acer Acer in Aceraceae, Cephalotaxus in Cephalotaxus and Rhododendron in rhododendraceae. The main communities are: Pinus massoniana and Quercus variabilis, which are the main tropical vegetation in Hainan.

The mountain top dwarf forest is formed by the influence of the topography of the mountain top and ridge. The appearance of the community is characterized by low trees, many branches, bending and dense, and epiphytic bryophytes on the branches. The main communities are: Quercus sativus, houpixiang, Rhododendron hainanense, Pinus kwangtungensis, Schima pentaphyllum and Alpinia micrantha. It and mountain evergreen broad-leaved forest are the main water resources in Hainan.

water resource

Wuzhishan is rich in water resources. There are 32 rivers in Wuzhishan, with an average flow of 650 million cubic meters and hydropower reserves of more than 70000 kilowatts. The Maoyang River cascade hydropower station is a "4321" key water conservancy project in Hainan Province, with a total installed capacity of 25000 kW and an annual power generation of 80 million kwh.

Ecological resources

The ecosystem of Wuzhishan area is in good condition, and the air self purification ability is strong. Through scientific monitoring, the concentration of carbon dioxide and the test value of nitrogen oxides in the air are lower than the national lower limit standard of 0.05mg/and 15mg / X. the air is pure and free of dust. It is a resort for summer and cold, sightseeing, recuperation, rehabilitation and vacation.

Population nationality

population

The birth rate was 14.11%, the death rate was 6.16%, and the natural growth rate was 7.95%. At the end of the year, the city had 106500 permanent residents, accounting for 57.24% of the urban population.

nation

According to the main data bulletin of the sixth census of Wuzhishan City in 2010, as of 0:00 on November 1, 2010, the Han population was 34009, accounting for 32.66% of the total population, and the minority population was 70113, accounting for 67.34% of the total population. Among them, the population of Li nationality is 62491, accounting for 60.02% of the total population; the population of Miao nationality is 5641, accounting for 5.42% of the total population. Compared with the fifth census in 2000, the Han population decreased by 1733, or 4.85%, and its proportion in the total population decreased by 2.79 percentage points; the population of ethnic minorities increased by 5019, or 4.85%

Chinese PinYin : Hai Nan Sheng Sheng Zhi Xia Xian Ji Hang Zheng Qu Hua Wu Zhi Shan Shi