Baojing County, Xiangxi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, Hunan Province

Baojing County, belonging to the Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture of Western Hunan, is located in the east of Yunnan Guizhou Plateau, the middle of Wuling mountains, and the northwest of Hunan Province, bordering Jishou City, Huayuan County, Yongshun County, Guzhang County, Longshan County, and Xiushan County of Chongqing. It has a total population of 310000, including 72399 Tujia and Miao Nationalities. It has jurisdiction over Qianling, Fuxing, Purong, Maogou, yezhuping, Qingshui There are 10 towns of Ping, beer, shuitianhe, Wanmipo and Hulu, and 6 townships of Datuo, Yangchao, tuzha, Shuiyin, Qingshui and Zhuangsha, with a total area of 1760.65 square kilometers.

In 2013, the GDP of Baojing County was 3.597 billion yuan. In 2015, after the adjustment of township division, Baojing County has jurisdiction over 2 townships and 10 towns.

Baojing is a state-level poverty-stricken county. Youshui river is the most mysterious, characteristic and promising mother river in Western Hunan. Only when the county moves to Liye, there are 60 rivers, such as Sifang city site of Han Dynasty, Tiankai Cultural Festival of Ferris stone carving, Jiangkou red stone forest, doutan ethnic customs, Wanmipo ecological Pinghu tour, shoubadong Babu Dawang temple, weijiazhai ancient city of Western Han Dynasty, Liye Qin Bamboo Slips, etc More than one scenic spot. Other scenic spots, such as Ludong mountain, xiaozhaigou and Miao's side wall, have their own characteristics.

On September 25, 2018, it won the honorary title of "2018 e-commerce into rural comprehensive demonstration county" of the Ministry of Commerce. On February 29, 2020, the people's Government of Hunan Province agreed to withdraw Baojing County from poverty-stricken counties. On January 29, 2021, it was selected into the list of areas with remarkable achievements in real work in 2020 announced by Hunan Provincial People's government.

Evolution of organizational system

Baojing County was the place of Chu in the spring and Autumn period and Warring States period. In the third year of King Wei of Chu (337 BC), Qianzhong county was established. It was named after Qianshan. At that time, it had jurisdiction over the western part of Hunan Province and the northeast part of Guizhou Province. In 280 BC, Qin conquered chuqianzhong, but was soon recovered. In 277 BC, Qin conquered Wujun, Qianzhong Jun and Jiangnan, and set up Qianzhong Jun, with jurisdiction over the Yuanshui and Lishui river basins in Hunan, Qingjiang River Basin in Hubei, Qianjiang River Basin in Chongqing, and Baojing in the middle of Qianzhong Jun. In the fifth year of emperor Gaozu of Han Dynasty (202 BC), Qianzhong county was changed to Wuling County, and Wuxi County in Western Hunan was set as Qianling county. Its governance is located in the ruxiangyan on the North Bank of Youshui River in the east of Qianling Town, and its name is "Sifang city". In the late Western Han Dynasty, Wang Mang changed his mausoleum to land. In the Eastern Han Dynasty, the mausoleum was relocated and still attached to Wuling county.

During the Three Kingdoms and the two Jin Dynasties, it still belonged to Wuling county.

In the southern and Northern Dynasties, in the first year of song Xiaojian (454), the governor of Wuling was set up. Qi restored Wuling county and changed it to Lingling county. Liang set Yuanling County, set up Daxiang County, Lingling analysis into Daxiang, subordinate to Yuanling County.

Sui and Tang Dynasties. In the ninth year of Zhenguan of Tang Dynasty (635), some areas of Jieda Township were set up in santing county. Because there was an ancient city of santing in the west of the county, it was named baozi Street (now the back street slope of Qianling town), which belonged to Chenzhou. In the second year of emperor Tianshu's reign in Empress Wu (691), Luopu county was established in Daxiang of Chenzhou. It was named after xiluopu mountain in the county. Its governance was located in the southwest of Baojing County, and its place name was Xiluo (now Ganxi village of Datuo township), belonging to Xizhou. In the third year of Tianshu reign (692), it was divided into Daxiang and santing counties, which were subordinate to Xizhou. Chang'an four years (704), changed to Jinzhou. Tang Xuanzong congenital two years (713) and again three Ting county, still under the Xizhou.

After five dynasties, in the first year of Liang Kaiping (907), santing county was changed into Baojing Prefecture.

Song Taizu Jianlong first year (960) changed to Jimi baojingzhou, belonging to Jinghu North Road.

At the beginning of the Yuan Dynasty, it was renamed baojingzhou, a newly added Department of calming Ge man. Yuan Zhizheng 26 years (1366), changed to baojingzhou military and civil appeasement department. In September 1368, the first year of Hongwu in the Ming Dynasty, the pacification department was changed to Xuanwei department. In December of the sixth year of Hongwu, it was promoted to Baojing military and civilian Xuanwei department, which was directly under the jurisdiction of Huguang political envoy department. Later, it was changed to Huguang capital department, which was led by the second Chief court, namely Wuzhai chief court and ganziping chief (now fenghuangdi).

Tongzhi was set up in the fourth year of Yongzheng (1726). In the seventh year of Yongzheng (1729), "tuguiliu" (abolishing the hereditary system of Tusi and implementing the system of appointing Liuguan), the Tusi system was abolished, and Baojing County was set up.

From November 1949 to October 1952, it belonged to Yongshun special office. In October 1952, Yongshun special office was abolished and Xiangxi Miao Autonomous Region was established. In March 1954, Xiangxi Miao Autonomous Region was renamed Xiangxi Miao Autonomous Prefecture. On September 20, 1957, Xiangxi Miao Autonomous Prefecture was renamed Xiangxi Tujia Miao Autonomous Prefecture, and Baojing County was under its jurisdiction.

In 1996, Baojing County covers an area of 1761 square kilometers and has a population of about 267000, of which 81% are ethnic minorities. It has jurisdiction over 5 towns and 20 townships: Qianling Town, Maogou Town, Fuxing Town, shuitianhe Town, Hulu Town, Yangchao Township, Meihua Township, Shuiyin Township, tuzha Township, Xianren Township, beer Township, Huanglian Township, Mawang Township, bamao Township, Longtou Township, Boji Township, yezhuping Township, Qingshui Township, Datuo Township, Longxi Township, Purong Township, angdong Township, Zhongxin Township, Tanglang Township and tamping township. The county government was stationed in Qianling town.

Bier Township, Huanglian township (changed to Qingshuiping town), yezhuping Township and Purong Township were successively removed from township to town. After the adjustment, Baojing County has jurisdiction over 9 towns and 16 townships: Qianling Town, Fuxing Town, Maogou Town, beer town, Hulu Town, Purong Town, yezhuping Town, shuitianhe Town, Qingshuiping Town, Longtou Town, Meihua Town, tuzha Town, Zhongxin Town, Mawang Town, Shuiyin Town, Qingshui Town, Longxi Town, Yangchao Town, bamao Town, Xianren Town, tamping sand town, Boji Town, Tanglang Town, Datuo town and angdong town Township.

According to the fifth census in 2000, there are 260034 permanent residents in Baojing County, including 12725 in Qianling Town, 11218 in bier Town, 8911 in Qingshuiping Town, 16558 in Maogou Town, 10779 in yezhuping Town, 8495 in Fuxing Town, 12788 in Purong Town, 8903 in shuitianhe Town, 29428 in Hulu Town, 13633 in Mawang Town, 10846 in bamao Town, 8771 in Longtou Town, 7013 in Boji Town, and 703 in Qingshui town There are 3894 people in Datuo Township, 16702 people in longtuo Township, 10318 people in Longxi Township, 10538 people in angdong Township, 8782 people in Yangchao Township, 6673 people in Shuiyin Township, 5999 people in tuzha Township, 6036 people in Xianren Township, 8608 people in Zhongxin Township, 4562 people in Tanglang Township, 9176 people in zhansha Township and 8678 people in Meihua township.

administrative division

In 2013, Baojing County has jurisdiction over 10 towns including Qianling, Fuxing, Purong, Maogou, yezhuping, Qingshuiping, beer, shuitianhe, Hulu and Wanmipo, and 6 townships including Datuo, Yangchao, tuzha, Shuiyin, Qingshui and Zhuangsha.

In 2015, Baojing County Township zoning adjustment, after the adjustment, Baojing County reduced a total of four Township system, now jurisdiction Qianling, Maogou, Fuxing, shuitianhe, Hulu, beer, Qingshuiping, Wanmipo, lvdongshan, Purong 10 towns and Yangchao, Changtanhe 2 townships, a total of 12 township system.

geographical environment

Location context

details

Baojing County (Miao: xianbjibyal) is located in the east of Yunnan Guizhou Plateau, the middle of Wuling mountains, the west of Hunan Province and the middle of Xiangxi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, bordering Yongshun County, Guzhang County, Jishou City, Huayuan County, Longshan County and Xiushan County of Chongqing, with a total area of 1753.5 square kilometers.

The county has changed from generation to generation. In the fifth year of emperor Gaozu of the Han Dynasty (202 BC), the county was established, which has jurisdiction over Baojing and huayuandi, and Hongan and Shidi in Xiushan County of Chongqing. Yuan Zhizheng 26 years (1366) jurisdiction today Baojing, Huayuan, Guzhang and other places. In the sixth year of Hongwu in the Ming Dynasty (1373), it governed the south of today's Baojing, Huayuan, Guzhang, Fenghuang and Longshan. In 1729, it was changed into Baojing County. The county government moved to the mausoleum. Its territory was 170 Li from east to west and 140 Li from south to north. The county is 35 Li East to tianjiadong in Yongshun, 120 Li south to xiqueying in Qianzhou, 26 Li southeast to shiziqiao in yongsuiting, 135 Li southwest to taipingba and 130 Li lanniwan in Xiushan, and 35 Li northeast to ramotang in Yongshun. During the period of the Republic of China, the area is roughly the same as that in the late Qing Dynasty.

After the founding of the people's Republic of China, the boundary of Baojing County has changed since 2005. The county is 30 Li to duanlongbaixiguan, Guzhang County in the East, 38 Li to Baiyang, Yongshun County in the northeast, 130 Li to huiyouqiao, Xiushan County in Chongqing in the west, 135 Li to taipingba, Xiushan County in Chongqing in the southwest, 26 Li to shiziqiao, Huayuan County in the south, 80 Li to duishanzhai, Yongshun County in the north, and Longtou Dala, Longshan County in the northwest It's 70 miles.

geology

Baojing County is located in the eastern end of Yunnan Guizhou Plateau and the middle part of Wuling mountains. It is the transition zone from Yuanma basin to Yunnan Guizhou Plateau. It belongs to the southwest part of the third first-order uplift of China's new Cathaysian structure, the middle part of Wuling Mountain second-order uplift, and the inner bend of the southwest end of arc structure in Northwest Hunan. The strike of the structure changes from NNE to NE, belonging to platform type.

County strata: Devonian, Silurian, Permian and Triassic in the northwest, Cambrian, Ordovician and Silurian in the middle, Banxi group, Sinian and Cambrian in the southeast. The strata are mainly composed of sedimentary rocks, covering an area of 2399049 mu. There are few metamorphic rocks, including 13562 mu. There are few magmatic rocks, only 2212 mu. The Quaternary loose deposits are not well developed, accounting for 184964 mu. 48%, 0.51%, 0.08% and 7.01% respectively. The exposed area is 280700 mu of sandstone and conglomerate, 738000 mu of sand shale, 1380300 mu of limestone, 15700 mu of metamorphic rock, 184900 mu of Quaternary loose deposits and 41200 mu of water surface

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