Huangzhou District, Huanggang City, Hubei Province

Huangzhou District Huangzhou District, belonging to Huanggang City, Hubei Province, is located on the North Bank of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River, in the east of Hubei Province, in the southwest of Huanggang City, adjacent to bashui county (huzikou to Bahekou) in the East, adjacent to Xishui County in the southwest, the Yangtze River in the southwest, facing Ezhou City, Tuanfeng County in the northwest, Huilongshan town and shangbahe town in Tuanfeng County in the northeast, with a total area of 353.03 square kilometers.

Huangzhou is a provincial historical and cultural city with rich natural landscape and cultural relics. There are 47 provincial, municipal and district cultural relics protection units, including 3 provincial cultural relics protection units. There are more than 4000 cultural relics in the museum, including more than 10 first-class cultural relics. There are Dongpo red cliff, pagoda Park, Anguo temple, Li Siguang memorial hall, Chen Tanqiu Former Residence Memorial Hall and other places of interest. It is the first batch of modern folk painting hometown in China named by the Ministry of culture.

In 2019, Huangzhou District has four streets, three towns, one township and three functional areas. In 2017, the permanent resident population of Huangzhou district was 396300, with a GDP of 22.35 billion yuan, of which the added value of the primary industry was 1.553 billion yuan, the added value of the secondary industry was 9.902 billion yuan, the added value of the tertiary industry was 10.895 billion yuan, and the tertiary industrial structure was 7.0:44.3:48.7.

Historical evolution

The Neolithic site of luoshishan in Mucheng is more than 5000 years ago. During the period of Yu, Xia and Shang in Tang Dynasty, Huangzhou was in the territory of Yu tribute to Jingzhou. Zhou was the state of Xian, which was incorporated into Chu in the spring and Autumn period. King kaolie of Chu exterminated Ying (the site is in Zouxian County, Shandong Province, and the old records recorded that King Xuan of Chu exterminated Ying). He moved King Ying here and called Ying City (the site of King Yu City). After the unification of Qin Dynasty, it was called Yingyi, belonging to Nanjun. After the addition of Hengshan County, Hengshan County city. After the death of Qin Dynasty, Xiang Yu granted Wu Rui the title of king of Hengshan and established the state of Hengshan, with Yingcheng as its capital. Soon after Xiang Yu was defeated, Wu Rui turned to Liu Bang and was granted the title of king of Changsha and moved his capital to Changsha. In the fourth year of emperor Gao of the Western Han Dynasty (209bc), Hengshan County was restored, and the county city was still in Yingcheng, belonging to Huainan state. Soon, Huainan was destroyed, but Hengshan County still existed. In the 16th year of Emperor Wen of the Han Dynasty (164 BC), he moved the descendants of the royal family, surnamed Liu, to Yingcheng and restored Hengshan state, taking Yingcheng as the capital. In the first year of the Yuan Dynasty (120bc), the king of Hengshan, Liu Ci, was killed in a conspiracy to rebel, and the state of Hengshan was abolished. In the following year, Hengshan County was abolished, and 14 counties of Hengshan and Nanjun were designated. Jiangxia county was set up and Ying county was set up. Ying City was taken as the county seat, belonging to Jiangxia county. In 207, Ying Chang Gan Ning defected to Sun Quan, and Ying county and Ying City entered Wu. The next year, Wu divided Jiangxia County into Qichun County, and Ying County belonged to wuqichun county. After that, Ying city changed hands repeatedly between Wu and Wei, which belonged to Qichun County in Wu and Yiyang County in Wei. In 241, Wu general Lu Xun captured Ying City and garrisoned it with heavy troops. Ying City was owned by Wu for a long time. In the first year of Taikang (280) in the Western Jin Dynasty, Ying City belonged to Jin, and Ying County successively belonged to Wuchang county and Yiyang County. In the third year of Yongxing (306), Ying County belonged to the state of Xiyang. From the late Warring States period to the Eastern Jin Dynasty, Yingcheng has been a famous city in the Yangtze River Basin for more than 600 years. In 338, the Eastern Jin Dynasty established Yuzhou in Yingcheng. In October of the next year, the later Zhao army captured and burned Ying City. Since then, Ying City has gradually disappeared. In the fourth year of Xianhe in the Eastern Jin Dynasty (329), the state of Xiyang was abolished and the county of Xiyang was established. In the same year, the northern Hu nationality invaded and Xiyang County moved to the south. Xiyang city was set up by the Yangtze River near Yingcheng, and Xiyang County and Xiyang County were set up by overseas Chinese. After the defeat of the later Zhao army, Xiyang County changed from an overseas Chinese county to a real County, with jurisdiction over Ying County, Xiling county and Qichun county. After the abolition of Ying County, its land into Xiyang County and Ying County, Xiyang County then has the reality. As a county city of Xiyang, Xiyang city takes the place of Ying City and becomes another famous city in the Yangtze River Basin. From the fourth year of Xianhe in the Eastern Jin Dynasty to the seventh year of Chen Taijian (575), during 246 years, Xiyang city has always been the county city of Xiyang County. In the seventh year of Chen Taijian's reign (575), the prefect of Xiyang moved to Baocheng (now Huangpi District of Wuhan City), where the city was gradually abandoned and disappeared in the middle of Tang Dynasty. In November of the first year of Xiangxiang in the Northern Zhou Dynasty (579), Wei Xiaokuan, commander of the marching army of the Northern Zhou Dynasty, went south to Huainan and sent Qi Gong Yu Wenliang from Anlu to attack Bahuang city. He successively occupied the present Eastern Hubei, changed Luozhou into Qizhou, and set Yongning County (now Wuxue) as Qizhou; changed Nansi Prefecture into Huangzhou (now Huangpi), and set Huangpi County as Huangzhou. This is the earliest record of Huangzhou, but the state governance at that time was in Huangpi County, Wuhan city. In the third year of kaihuang (583), Emperor Wen Yang of the Sui Dynasty destroyed the Later Zhou Dynasty and abandoned the original counties of Xiyang, Qi'an and Liang'an. Only Huangzhou was set up, leading Nan'an and Mulan counties. Sui kaihuang five years (585), Huangzhou moved to the old Hengzhou (now Macheng City). In the 18th year of kaihuang of Sui Dynasty (598), the imperial court implemented the system of prefectures and counties, changing Nan'an to Huanggang, which is the earliest record of Huanggang County; changing Liancheng to Macheng; changing Liang'an to Mulan (now the southeast of Mulan mountain in Huangpi and the northwest of Hong'an county). In the third year of Daye of Sui Dynasty (607), the Imperial Court changed the system of prefecture and county to that of prefecture and county, and changed Huangzhou into Yong'an county. The county government was transferred to Huanggang county (Nan'an City is now in Xinzhou county). Yongan County governs Huanggang, Huangpi, Macheng and Mulan counties. In 620, Yongan county was abolished and Huangzhou was restored. The next year, Huangzhou general office was set up to lead Huanggang, Huangpi and Macheng counties, and provincial Mulan entered Huanggang. Huanggang county is also divided into Baocheng county. In the seventh year of Wude of Tang Dynasty (624), Huangzhou governor's office was changed to Huangzhou governor's office, Baocheng county was abolished, and its land was merged into Huanggang county. In the first year of Tang Zhenguan (627), Huangzhou was abolished, and Huangzhou belonged to Huainan road. In the first year of Tang Tianbao (742), the Imperial Court changed the state to a county, and Huangzhou was immediately renamed Qi'an county. In the first year of Qianyuan (758) of Tang Dynasty, Qi'an county was abolished and Huangzhou's original name was restored, belonging to Huainan road. Since then, the name of Huangzhou has not changed, and the state government and Huanggang county government are in the same place. In 808, Macheng county was abolished and its land was merged into Huanggang county. In 849, Macheng county was restored. Huangzhou governs Huanggang, Huangpi and Macheng counties. In 885, the city of Huangzhou (Huanggang county) moved to the East for 60 kilometers, and the new city was rebuilt at the ruins of guying city (today's Yuwang city). in the Five Dynasties, Huangzhou (Huanggang county) belonged to Wu. Wu Tianzuo three years (937), belongs to the Southern Tang Dynasty. The fifth year of Xiande (958) belongs to the Later Zhou Dynasty. In the early Northern Song Dynasty, Huangzhou City (Huanggang county) left the site of Yingcheng and moved southeast to Jiangbin (some scholars believe that Huangzhou City and Huanggang County moved to guying city in 762-783 and Jiangbin in 885). At this time, although Huangzhou still governed Huanggang, Macheng and Huangpi counties, there were less than ten thousand households. The imperial court designated Huangzhou as a lower class Prefecture, Huanggang County as Wang County, and it was subordinate to Huainan road. In 1072, it was transferred to Huainan West Road. In the last years of the Southern Song Dynasty, Huangzhou experienced many wars. First, the Jin army attacked, then the yuan army looted. In the early years of the Yuan Dynasty (1264-1294), the outskirts of Huangzhou City were deserted and uninhabited. In 1277, Huangzhou road was established in Yuan Dynasty, leading Huanggang County, Macheng county and Huangpi county. It was designated as Xialu county and Huanggang County as Zhongxian County. In August of 1351, Xu Shouhui led the peasant uprising Army (known as "red scarf army") to capture Huangzhou road. Ten years later, Zhu Yuanzhang's troops defeated Chen Youliang in Poyang Lake, Jiangxi Province. Qi and Huang were occupied by Zhu Yuanzhang's subordinates. In 1364, when Zhu Yuanzhang was called king of Wu, Huangzhou road still governed Huanggang, Macheng and Huangpi counties. In the first year of Hongwu (1368), the Ming Dynasty was established and Huangzhou road was changed into Huangzhou Prefecture. Ming Hongwu 11 years (1378) withdraw Qizhou, under the Huangzhou government, since then Qihuang one, known as "Qihuang". Huangzhou Prefecture leads one Prefecture and seven counties, namely Qizhou, Huanggang, Macheng, Huangpi, Qishui, Luotian, Guangji and Huangmei, and is subordinate to Wuchang road of Huguang political envoy. In 1563, the imperial court issued an edict, cutting Huanggang (Zhonghe township), Macheng and Huangpi into Huang'an County, and Huangzhou Prefecture led one Prefecture and eight counties. In the Qing Dynasty, the subordinate relationship remained unchanged. In the third year of Kangxi (1664), Hunan and Hubei were divided, and Huangzhou Prefecture was subordinate to Han huangde Road, Hubei's minister. In 1729, Huangpi county was divided into Hanyang Prefecture. Huangzhou Prefecture was under the jurisdiction of eight genera, namely one Prefecture and seven counties. In August of the third year of Xuantong (October 1911), the first uprising broke out in Wuchang. The army and people of Huangzhou responded positively and overthrew the local governments of the Qing Dynasty in Huangzhou Prefecture and Huanggang county. In January 1912, the Republic of China was founded. In February, Huangzhou Prefecture was abolished and Huanggang county was retained. Since then, although the provincial political and military organs in Eastern Hubei had been established here for a long time, they were not named "Huangzhou" but "Edong" or "Huanggang". At the same time, the status of "Huangzhou" as the name of administrative division has declined, and it has been used as the name of district level or even township level (small township) for a long time. In 1913, Huanggang County belonged to huangdedao in Wuhan, Hubei Province, and later changed to Edong. In June 1914, Jianghan Road was changed. In 1919, the government of the Republic of China set up Huangzhou District of Huanggang county (also known as the first district). In 1926, Huanggang county was directly under the Hubei provincial government. In October of 1932, it belonged to the office of the Fourth District Commissioner of Hubei Province. In the 25th year of the Republic of China (1936), it belonged to the office of the Commissioner of the second administrative supervision district of Hubei Province (the special office was temporarily stationed in Qizhou, and moved to Huangzhou in January of the next year). In the 29th year of the Republic of China (1940), it was under the jurisdiction of Hubei Province

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