Yanqing District, Beijing Municipality

Yanqing District Yanqing District, subordinate to Beijing, is located in the northwest of Beijing. It is adjacent to Huairou District in the East, Changping District in the south, Huailai County in Hebei Province in the West and Chicheng County in Hebei Province in the north. The urban area is 74 km away from Deshengmen, Beijing. It is located between 115 ° 44 '- 116 ° 34' e and 40 ° 16 '- 40 ° 47' n, with an average altitude of more than 500 meters. The climate is unique, cold in winter and cool in summer. It is known as the "summer capital" of Beijing.

Yanqing District covers an area of 1993.75 square kilometers. In 2019, it had 3 streets, 11 towns and 4 townships, and 286927 registered residence population (348 thousand permanent residents). The regional GDP of the whole region was 19528.59 million yuan.

In September 2013, Beijing Yanqing Geopark was selected into the UNESCO World Geopark network directory and awarded the title of "China Yanqing World Geopark". On December 7, 2016, Yanqing District was listed as the third batch of national new urbanization comprehensive pilot areas. In 2019, it will be listed as a national intellectual property pilot city.

In February 2019, the National Patriotic Health Association decided to name Yanqing District of Beijing as a national health city (District). On May 6, 2019, the first Beijing Peony Culture Festival will open in Yanqing, from now on to May 30. Yanqing has developed into the largest area of peony industry in Beijing, with a total planting area of 1800 Mu and more than 1800 varieties of peony.

Historical evolution

According to the records of the historian, the Yellow Emperor and the Yan Emperor were united after the three wars, and their ambition was in Hanquan.

About six or seven thousand years ago, there were residents' activities in Yanqing. In the spring and Autumn period, Yanqing County used to be the area where Shanrong people lived. In the late spring and Autumn period and the early Warring States period, Yanqing County belonged to the state of Yan.

After Qin unified the whole country, Shanggu county was set up, Shanglan county and Juyong county were set up, and now Yanqing belongs to it.

In the Western Han Dynasty, there were 15 counties in Shanggu County, including Yiyu and Juyong.

In the Eastern Han Dynasty, Juyong county was established by withdrawing Yiyu.

In the Northern Qi Dynasty, Juyong was incorporated into Huairong county.

In the early Tang Dynasty, Huairong belonged to northern Yanzhou. In the eighth year of Zhenguan (634), northern Yanzhou was renamed Guizhou, and Guizhou was changed to Guizhou County in Tianbao period. Today, Yanqing is separated from Huairong county and set as Guichuan county (named after Guishui).

In the late Tang Dynasty and Liao and Jin Dynasties, it was changed to Jinshan County (named after Jinshan).

From the beginning of the Yuan Dynasty to the beginning of Yuan Dynasty, Jinshan County was the most sacred state of the most road. Yuan yenzong Ai Li Li Li Li Da Da was born in the perfume garden. After its accession, it was three years in Yuan Yan (1316).

In the first year of Jianwen (1399), longzhenwei was changed into longqingwei.

In the 12th year of Yongle in Ming Dynasty (AD 1414), Longqing Prefecture was reestablished until the first year of Longqing (1567) when it was named as the year of avoiding muzong.

In the Qing Dynasty, Yanqing was still used.

In the second year of the Republic of China (1913), Yanqing County was changed from a state to a county.

During the period of the Republic of China, it belonged to Chahar province.

In 1952, Chahar province was abolished and transferred to Zhangjiakou area of Hebei Province.

In October 1958, Yanqing County was transferred to Beijing and became the northwest gateway of the capital.

In November 2015, Yanqing County was abolished and Yanqing District was established, with the government's residence unchanged.

In December 2015, Yanqing District was listed.

administrative division

In 2019, there were 3 streets, 11 towns and 4 townships under the jurisdiction of Yanqing district. They were: Baiquan street, perfume Garden Street, and 3 street of Confucian street. Yanqing Town, Kang Zhuang Town, Badaling Town, Yongning Town, old county town, Zhang Shan Ying Town, Sihai Town, thousand family store town, Shenjiaying Town, big elms and Jing Zhuang Town 11 towns; Liu Bin Fort Township, Da Zhuang Ke Xiang, Xiang Ying Township, Pearl Spring Township 4 township. The government is stationed at No. 1, Hubei West Road, Rulin street.

geographical environment

Location context

Yanqing District is located between 115 ° 44 '- 116 ° 34' e and 40 ° 16 '- 40 ° 47' n, adjacent to Huairou District in the East, Changping District in the south, Huailai County and Chicheng County in Hebei Province in the West and North. The total area is 1993.75 square kilometers, of which 72.8% is mountainous area, 26.2% is plain area and 1% is water area. It is 74 kilometers away from Beijing.

Geomorphological features

Yanqing District is surrounded by mountains on three sides in the north and Southeast, and Yanqing Badaling Great Wall small basin of Guanting Reservoir in the west, namely Yanhuai basin. Yanqing is located in the east of the basin, with an average altitude of about 500 meters. Haituo mountain is the highest peak in the territory, with an altitude of 2241 meters. It is also the second highest peak in Beijing.

Climatic characteristics

Yanqing District has a continental monsoon climate, which is the transition zone between temperate and middle temperate, semi-arid and semi humid. The climate is cold in winter and cool in summer, and the annual average temperature is 8 ℃. The temperature in the hottest month is 0.8 ℃ lower than that in Chengde, which is a famous summer resort. It has 105 square kilometers of geothermal zone with abundant shallow geothermal resources. The annual sunshine is 2800 hours, which is the most abundant area of solar energy resources in Beijing. Yanqing Guanting tuyere is 70 meters high with an average wind speed of more than 7 meters per second, accounting for 70% of the city's wind resources.

hydrology

Yanqing District is located in the upper reaches of Yongding River and Chaobai River system, which is an independent water system. There are 18 rivers above grade IV in the county, including 2 rivers of grade III (Baihe River and Guishui River) and 16 rivers of grade IV, with an annual total of 190 million cubic meters. Guishui River is the largest river in the whole area, with a drainage area of 1064.3 square kilometers.

natural resources

water resource

Yanqing District has 780 million cubic meters of water resources, including 564 million cubic meters of surface water, 223 million cubic meters of groundwater, and 2088 cubic meters of water resources per capita.

Forest resources

There is the only original Pinus tabulaeformis forest in North China in Songshan National Nature Reserve.

mineral resources

The proven mineral resources in Yanqing District include gold, silver, copper, iron, lead, zinc, marble, granite, limestone, sepiolite, quartzite, magnetic clay, etc.

Politics

Population nationality

population

At the end of 2019, the total number of registered residence in Yanqing was 145474. Among them, 70 386 are agricultural households. The registered residence population is 289093. Among them, 144045 were women. There are 357000 permanent residents, of which 45000 are permanent immigrants, accounting for 12.6% of the total. Among the permanent residents, 213000 are urban residents, accounting for 59.7% of the total. The birth rate and death rate of permanent residents were 8.22 ‰ and 5.84 ‰. The natural growth rate of permanent population is 2.38 ‰.

nation

As of November 2010, there are 36 ethnic groups in Yanqing District. Among the permanent residents, the Han population is 306000, accounting for 96.4%, and the minority population is 11000, accounting for 3.6%. The top four ethnic groups are Manchu, Mongolian, Hui and Korean. The population of these four ethnic groups is 10000, accounting for 91.7% of the population of ethnic minorities. This feature is basically consistent with the ranking of ethnic minorities in Beijing. The top four ethnic groups in Beijing are Manchu, Hui, Mongolian and Korean. In terms of proportion, the proportion of minority population is 0.5% lower than that of Beijing (4.1%) and 4.9% lower than that of the whole country (8.5%).

Economic overview

overview

In 2019, the Gross Regional Product of Yanqing District is 19528.59 million yuan, which is 7.1% higher than that of 2018. Among them, the added value of the primary industry was 740.73 million yuan, down 7.2%; the added value of the secondary industry was 5097.25 million yuan, up 10.0%; the added value of the tertiary industry was 13690.61 million yuan, up 6.9%. The three industrial structures changed from 4.3:25.7:70.0 in 2018 to 3.8:26.1:70.1. According to the resident population, the per capita GDP is 54702 yuan.

primary industry

In 2019, the total output value of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery in Yanqing District was 1886.843 million yuan, 5.5% lower than that in 2018. Among them, the output value of planting industry was 477.742 million yuan, down 4.9%; the output value of forestry was 871.615 million yuan, up 24.4%; the output value of animal husbandry was 460.042 million yuan, down 37.0%; the output value of fishery was 4.036 million yuan, down 53.2%.

The grain output was 58564 tons, 18.9% lower than that in 2018; the vegetable output was 66412 tons, 13.7% higher than that in 2018; the number of live pigs sold was 21789, 79.1% lower than that in 2018; the number of poultry sold was 1592000, 25.5% lower than that in 2018; the milk output was 32603.3 tons, 17.9% lower than that in 2018; the egg output was 12126.0 tons, 56.5% lower than that in 2018; the dry and fresh fruit output was 11945.6 tons, 10.3% higher than that in 2018.

the secondary industry

Industry

In 2019, the total industrial output value of Industrial Enterprises above Designated Size in Yanqing District was 10904.973 million yuan, an increase of 19.3% over 2018. Among them, the output value of electrical machinery and equipment manufacturing industry was 5285.99 million yuan, an increase of 59.3%; the output value of non-metallic mineral products industry was 1698.561 million yuan, a decrease of 10.1%; the output value of textile and clothing industry was 776.412 million yuan, a decrease of 19.4%; the output value of gas production and supply industry was 3019.981 million yuan, an increase of 61.4%; the output value of power, heat production and supply industry was 214.259 million yuan, a decrease of 47.8%.

construction

In 2019, the total output value of qualified construction enterprises in Yanqing District is 4526.925 million yuan, an increase of 1.4% over 2018. The construction area of the house is 2.403 million square meters, 39.9% lower than that in 2018.

the service sector; the tertiary industry

In 2019, the total consumption of Yanqing District is 19

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