Guyuan County, Zhangjiakou City, Hebei Province

Guyuan County Guyuan County, about 6000 years ago, people began to live in the Neolithic age. Guyuan County is located in the north of Hebei Province, the upper reaches of the lightning River, adjacent to the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. It is subordinate to Zhangjiakou City, adjacent to Fengning County of Chengde City in the East, Chicheng County and Chongli District of Zhangjiakou City in the south, Zhangbei and Kangbao counties in the west, and Taipusi Banner, Zhenglan Banner and Duolun County of Inner Mongolia in the north. According to the survey results in 2004, the total land area is 3601 square kilometers, and the county government is located in pingdingbao town.

In 2018, the total population of the county was 224562, and the GDP reached 5997.68 million yuan, an increase of 8.0% over the previous year at the same price in 2010 (the same below).

On February 29, 2020, Guyuan County withdrew from the poverty-stricken county sequence and officially lifted its hat.

Historical evolution

In the Neolithic age, Guyuan County began to be inhabited by human beings. According to some stone tools unearthed from Liangdong microlithic site in pingdingbao Township, 7.3 miles east of Guyuan County, about 6000 years ago, human ancestors had set foot in the vast area of Guyuan.

Xia, Shang and Zhou were known as the places of Gui Fang, which was called Rong Di, Yao Yu in Zhou and Gui Fang in Yin.

In the spring and Autumn period and the Warring States period, Guyuan belonged to the northern part of the state of Yan.

In the Qin Dynasty, 221 B.C., the first emperor of Qin unified China, established a centralized system, implemented the county system, and Guyuan was subordinate to Shanggu county.

In the Western Han Dynasty, Guyuan still belonged to Shanggu county. In 122 B.C., Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty defeated the left Huns and moved Wuhuan outside the great wall of Shanggu, Yuyang, youbeiping, Liaoxi and Liaodong counties (now northern Hebei and Western Liaoning). Guyuan belonged to Wuhuan.

In the Eastern Han Dynasty, in the 25th year of Jianwu (A.D. 49), Wuhuan came down to the Han Dynasty and transferred to the counties along the frontier. Later, the Huns moved to the northwest, and the Xianbei people lived in the Huns' hometown in the west, merging with the remaining 100000 Huns. Guyuan is a nomadic land of Xianbei people.

In the Three Kingdoms, according to the "Northwest counties are all military residences" (Book of Jin · Jiang Tong Zhuan) and the "Atlas of Chinese history", it can be seen that Guyuan belongs to Xianbei in the East, and jingguyuan still belongs to Xianbei.

In the Northern Wei Dynasty, in order to prevent the northern Rouran invasion and defend the capital Pingcheng (today's Datong), six military towns were set up near the border, and then three towns were added. Guyuan is the town of Yuyi, which is located in today's Dahong city. They moved southward to dushikou.

In the Eastern Wei Dynasty, Guyuan was located in the north of Yanzhou.

In the Sui Dynasty, Guyuan was located in the north of Zhuozhou county and was a pasturing land for Xiyou.

In the Tang Dynasty, Guyuan was located in the south of Hebei Road, under the jurisdiction of Rao Le Dudu Fu. It was a nomadic area inhabited by Turks and Khitans.

In the Five Dynasties, Guyuan was occupied by Khitan as a nomadic and hunting area.

In Liao Dynasty, Guyuan was under the jurisdiction of Wangyun County, Fengsheng Prefecture, Xijing road. From 907 to 1127, Guyuan was under the control of Qidan nationality. In the early Liao Dynasty, the place names of settlements began to appear in Guyuan.

Jin Dynasty, 1126 ad, Jin destroyed the Northern Song Dynasty, Jin inherited the song system, divided into 19 districts. Guyuan is located in Xijing Road, belonging to Huanzhou (north of pingdingbao) and xuandezhou (south of pingdingbao).

Yuan Dynasty, 1279 ad, the Yuan Dynasty destroyed the Song Dynasty and completed the unification. Guyuan is located in Zhongshu province. To the west of baituyao Township, it belongs to Xinghe Road (now Zhangbei) and baochangzhou (now jiuliancheng); to the East, it belongs to Shangdu Road (now Lanqi Zhaosu naimu site) and Huanzhou (now Lanqi). From Kublai Khan's custom, emperors of all dynasties followed the system of regular visits to both capitals (Dadu, Beijing, Shangdu, Lanqi, dongzhaosu, naimu). The lightning River in Guyuan was a place where the emperors of Yuan Dynasty often stayed and hunted. It was the only way for most of them to go to the capital. According to the will of Hubilie, a palace was built here, namely chahannaoer palace, also known as Kublai Khan Palace (now xiaohongcheng site), which was as famous as Dadu, Shangdu and Lin at that time.

In the ninth year of Hongwu (1376) in the Ming Dynasty, Zhongshu province was changed into Chengshi department. The local government was at the level of government and county. The army was established, and the military was established. In order to defend against Mongolian invasion, nine important border defense towns were successively set up in the north and northwest, including daningwei (northeast of Ningcheng in Rehe), kaipingwei (northwest of Duolun in Inner Mongolia), dongshengwei (near Hohhot in Inner Mongolia), etc. Guyuan belongs to kaipingwei, which is an important military garrison area in Ming Dynasty. In the third year of Xuande (1428), he moved to dushibao (now dushikou, Chicheng County).

In the Qing Dynasty, there was a department in the frontier fortress, which was directly located in the province. Dao is an inspection organization dispatched by the province. In the Ming Dynasty, the Chahar tribe (also known as chahan'er) was broken by the Qing Dynasty in 1634, and was placed outside the border of Yizhou. In 1675 (the 14th year of the reign of Emperor Kangxi), he rebelled and failed. Yu Zhong was moved to Xuanhua and Datong to live outside the border. Guyuan is a pasture of Zhengbai and Xiangbai banners.

Yongzheng first year (1723), dushikou began to recruit people to cultivate species. Guyuan northeast for the Royal horse factory, also known as Shangdu ranch. In September 1734, the director Tongzhi Department of dushikou was set up to manage the money, grain and punishment of the four banners in the east wing of Chahar. Guangxu seven years (1881) renamed Fumin Tongzhi hall. Guyuan belongs to dushikou hall, which belongs to the North Road of the provincial entrance of Zhili. Dushikou hall is the predecessor of Guyuan County. According to the general records of Chahar province of the Republic of China, Jieyuan county was originally the Department of dushikou, belonging to Xuanhua Prefecture. In the third year of the Republic of China, the Department was changed into a county. Xuanhua Prefecture was abolished, directly under the Chahar special district.

During the period of the Republic of China, Chahar special district was set up in 1914. Guyuan is Dushi County of Xinghe road. Dushi County, namely Guyuan County, was named Dushi county because of the rule of dushikou in Chicheng County by overseas Chinese.

In 1915, it was renamed Guyuan County. Because the Gu River (now the Bai River in Chicheng County) originated from jiulongquan in the south of the county, it is named after the origin of the Gu river.

In 1918, the county government moved from dushikou to xiaohezi.

In 1928, Chahar special area was changed to Chahar Province, and Guyuan was Chahar province.

In May 1933, the Japanese invading army occupied Duolun invaded Guyuan. In June of the same year, it was repulsed by the Anti Japanese allied forces.

In December 1935, the Japanese Kanto army and the Mongolian army of the puppet Manchukuo state occupied 6 counties of Chadong (Baochang, Kangbao, Guyuan, Duolun, Shangdu and Huade).

In the 25th year of the Republic of China (1936), on February 1st, the Mongolian traitor king of Germany established the puppet Chahar league office in Zhangbei in the name of "Mongolian political association". On May 20, Dewang changed Huade County into Dehua city. The "Mongolian military government" was established. Guyuan was subordinate to Chahar League, the military and political government of Mongolia.

In July 1937, Guyuan County was abandoned and Baochang county was merged to build a fake Baoyuan County, and its administrative office was transferred to Baochang town. In October, the Japanese invading army and the Mongolian army occupied Suiyuan and established the "Mongolian union autonomous government". In November, the Japanese aggressor army pieced together the three puppet regimes of "Mongolian union autonomous government", "Chanan autonomous government" and "Northern Shanxi autonomous government" into the puppet "Mongolian Xinjiang Joint Committee".

In September 1939, the puppet "Mongolian Xinjiang United autonomous government" was established. In Guyuan County, in the northwest, the puppet Mongolian Autonomous Government of Chahar allied Baoyuan County, and in the southeast, the puppet Manchu guofengning county.

Before the founding of the people's Republic of China, in October 1944, Pingbei Prefecture Committee of Shanxi Chahar Hebei liberated area divided Longguan Chongli Chicheng United County into two United counties. Some areas of Guyuan lianhuatan and xixinying belonged to Chiyuan County, and the rest belonged to pseudo Baoyuan county.

In June 1945, the Pingbei prefectural committee of the Communist Party of China divided Chiyuan County into three counties: Chicheng, Guyuan and Zhangbei. However, no specific office was organized, the county government was stationed, and the demarcation line was not determined. After the victory of the Anti Japanese war in August, pingdingbao was liberated in November, Baochang city was liberated on the 13th, and Baoyuan county was abandoned. The CPC Baoyuan County Committee and the people's Government of Baoyuan county were formally established. Baochang town (now Taipusi Banner in Inner Mongolia) is still named Baoyuan county.

In 1946, the Kuomintang provoked an all-out civil war and launched a large-scale attack on the liberated areas. In October, the party and government organs of Baoyuan county were ordered to withdraw from the city and transfer to the countryside. In November, Kuomingtang occupied Guyuan and established Guyuan County, which is located in Chahar province.

In February 1947, the local Party committee of Chabei decided to make Zhangbei County and Baoyuan County into Zhangbao United county. The county government was stationed in lianhuatan, dingzhuangwan and gangfangyaozi. In July of the same year, Baoyuan county was restored.

On September 13, 1948, the Chinese people's Liberation Army liberated pingdingbao, the Kuomintang regime ended, and Baoyuan was liberated on December 28. The county government moved back to Baochang town from dingzhuangwan and gangfangyaozi.

After the founding of the people's Republic of China, on July 27, 1950, with the approval of the Ministry of internal affairs of the Central People's government, Chahar Provincial People's Government redrawn the border between Chabei and Inner Mongolia, merged the area south of zhangduo highway in Baoyuan county with the Second District of Duolun County, and set up Guyuan County, which was subordinate to Chabei special office of Chahar province and managed pingdingbao. Chahar province was abolished in November 1952, belonging to Zhangjiakou special district of Hebei Province. It was incorporated into Zhangbei County in the autumn of 1958. In May 1961, it was separated from Zhangbei and restored to Guyuan County, where pingdingbao was still a special district of Zhangjiakou, Hebei Province. Zhangjiakou district was renamed Zhangjiakou District in 1970, Zhangjiakou district administrative office in 1982 and Guyuan County until 2014.

administrative division

Guyuan County has four towns, nine townships and one ethnic township, namely pingdingbao Town, Xiaochang Town, huanggainao Town, Jiulian Town, gaoshanbao Town, xiaohezi Town, erdaoqu Town, lightning River town, Changliang Town, fengyuandian Town, xixinying Town, lianhuatan Town, baituyao town and daerhaohui town. There are 8 community committees and 233 village committees in total.

geographical environment

position

Guyuan County is located in Bashang area in the northwest of Hebei Province, 114 ° 50 ′ 38 ″ - 116 ° 04 ′ 09 ″ E and 41 ° 14 ′ 33 ″ - 41 ° 56 ′ 55 ″ n. It borders Fengning County of Chengde City in the East, Chicheng County and Chongli County in the south, Zhangbei County and Kangli County in the West

Chinese PinYin : He Bei Sheng Zhang Jia Kou Shi Gu Yuan Xian