Pingyi County, Linyi City, Shandong Province

Pingyi County Pingyi County, belonging to Linyi City, Shandong Province, is located in the southeast of Shandong Province and the western border of Linyi City, between 117 ° 25 ′ - 117 ° 56 ′ E and 35 ° 07 ′ - 35 ° 43 ′ n, with a total area of 1825 square kilometers.

Pingyi has a long history. There was Zhuanyu state in Shang Dynasty and Pingyi Marquis state in Western Han Dynasty. It is one of the "four sages" in ancient China. It is the hometown of zongshengzengzi, zhongzi and militarists Yanghu and Yangxin. It is also an important part of Yimeng revolutionary base area and Yimeng spirit.

In 2018, Pingyi County has one street and 13 towns under its jurisdiction, with a permanent resident population of 927000, realizing a GDP of 34.288 billion yuan, of which the added value of the primary industry is 3.797 billion yuan, the added value of the secondary industry is 14.378 billion yuan, the added value of the tertiary industry is 16.113 billion yuan, and the added value of the tertiary industry accounts for 11.1:41.9:47.

Historical evolution

In Xia, Shang and Western Zhou dynasties, Zhuanyu state was in the north of Pingyi County, Ni state was in the southern Shang Dynasty, and Ying state was in the Western Zhou Dynasty.

In the spring and Autumn period, it was the Shiyi of Ji Pingzi, a senior official of the state of Lu. In the north, it was still Zhuanyu state. The rest belonged to Wucheng, Dongyang, Qiuyu, Bian and other cities of the state of Lu.

During the Warring States period, it belonged to the states of Fei and Lu first, and then to the state of Qi.

The Qin Dynasty belonged to Xue county.

In the Western Han Dynasty, there were Pingyi Marquis, nanwuyang county and Nancheng County, belonging to Taishan County of Yanzhou and Donghai County of Xuzhou, and once Pingyi Marquis and Nancheng marquis. In Xinmang period, Nancheng county was replaced by the Marquis state of Nancheng, and huanxuan county was replaced by the Marquis state of Pingyi and Nanyang County. In the Eastern Han Dynasty, huanxuan county was replaced by nanwuyang county.

In the Three Kingdoms, the two Jin Dynasties and today's counties belong to Nancheng county and nanwuyang county respectively.

In the Southern Song Dynasty, Nanyang County was changed to Wuyang county.

In the Northern Qi Dynasty, Nancheng county was withdrawn and merged into Wuyang county.

In 598, Wuyang county was changed to Zhuanyu county.

In 627, Zhuanyu county was removed and merged into Fei County.

After five dynasties, ten states, song, yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, and the 28th year of the Republic of China (1939), today's Pingyi County is under the jurisdiction of Fei County, except for a few villages in the southwest and West, which originally belonged to Teng County and Sishui county.

During the Anti Japanese War, the Communist Party of China led the establishment of Yimeng Mountain revolutionary base, and successively set up some county-level institutions in today's Pingyi County to form the people's democratic regime.

In July 1939, Feixian joint office was established in kangfuzhuang (now Qishan township). In February 1940, Feixian Anti Japanese democratic government was established in the village of daofuning (now Baotai township).

In June 1940, Shandong Branch of the Communist Party of China (CPC) set Feibei County in the north and Feinan County in the south according to the needs of the Anti Japanese War, with Ziyang Linyi highway in the west of Feixian County as the boundary. Feibei county government agency was called Feibei administrative office.

In May 1942, it was changed into the Anti Japanese democratic government of Feibei county. In July of the same year, feitengbian office was set up in the southern border of Feinan county (Pangzhuang, linjian, Shanyin, Baiyan and Weizhuang in Pingyi County today) and some areas in the eastern border of Tengxian County, also known as Lunan experimental county. In November of the same year, Feixi office, also known as Tianbaoshan office, was established in Tianbao and Youwu districts of JieFei county.

In October 1943, it was abolished, and its jurisdiction was assigned to Feinan county and Feiteng Yibian office respectively (Shuangshan county was rebuilt in 1944, Lushui county was renamed in April 1946, and it was abolished in 1950, and part of its jurisdiction was assigned to Baiyan county). In November of the same year, Tianbao district was returned to Feinan County, and Wuqu district was transferred to Wenhe county. In December of the same year, Feinan county was renamed Feixian County, which was subordinate to Lunan special office.

In August 1944, it was subordinate to the first special office of Lunan administrative office.

In August 1945, it was renamed Feibei county government. It was located in Bianqiao big and small residence (Village), and was subordinate to central Shandong administrative office. Feinan County Anti Japanese democratic government, located in Zhengcheng, Changzhuang, Liuyu area, under the Lunan special office.

In January 1946, Feibei county and Feidong County were abolished and Mengshan county was established. The county people's government was first stationed in Shangye (now Fei County), and then in xijingbu. On April 16 of the same year, Fei County was renamed Pingyi County, which was subordinate to the first special office of Lunan administrative office.

In August of 1947, Baiyan county was established in Shanyin, Miaozhuang and Baiyan districts of Pingyi County and some areas of Zou and Teng counties.

In July 1948, it was changed to the fourth special office of central and southern Shandong administrative office.

In July 1949, under the Tengxian district (now Tengzhou City).

In March 1952, Mengshan county was abolished, and its western region was assigned to Pingyi County.

In July 1953, it was designated from Tengxian district to Linyi district.

In August 1953, Baiyan county was abolished, and its original Baiyan, Shanyin, linjian, Miaozhuang districts were restored to Pingyi County.

administrative division

As of 2018, Pingyi County has one street and 13 towns. Pingyi County People's Government in Pingyi street.

geographical environment

Location context

Pingyi County is located in the southwest of Mengshan, adjacent to Fei County in the East, Sishui County in the west, Zaozhuang City in the south, Mengyin County and Xintai City in the north. It is located between 117 ° 25 ′ - 117 ° 56 ′ E and 35 ° 07 ′ - 35 ° 43 ′ n, with a maximum transverse distance of 47.35 km from east to west and a maximum longitudinal distance of 66.75 km from north to south, covering a total area of 1825 square kilometers (2.7375 million mu), accounting for 1.16% of the total area of Shandong Province.

topographic features

Pingyi County has complex geological structure, diverse geomorphic types and obvious mountain features. The mountainous area accounts for 85%, and the plain area accounts for 15%. The whole terrain is high in the north and south, low in the middle, and slightly inclined to the southeast. The Mengshan mountains in the north are rugged and majestic; the Nishan mountains in the south are undulating and beautiful; the valleys and land in the middle are fertile and the fields are picturesque. There are 1076 peaks, mostly northwest southeast. Guimengding, the main peak of Mengshan mountain, is 1155.8 meters above sea level. It is the first peak of Yimeng Mountain and the second peak of Shandong Province. It is known as "the second peak of Daizong".

Climatic characteristics

Pingyi County is located in the southeastern part of the north temperate zone, with a continental degree of 62.8%. It has a monsoon regional continental climate, characterized by cold winter, hot summer, sufficient light and long frost free period. Spring: strong wind, less rain, rapid warming, dry climate, easy to spring drought, and often late spring cold harm; summer: high temperature, high humidity, concentrated rainfall, frequent disastrous weather; autumn: temperature drops sharply, rainfall drops sharply, cool air in autumn, drought and flood impermanence, which has a certain threat to the "three autumn" (autumn harvest, autumn cultivation, autumn planting) production; winter: cold weather, few rain and snow, The climate is dry and the dry cold period is long.

Water system hydrology

River dredging

It is the largest river in Pingyi County. According to the investigation of the current situation of JUNHE River Basin, Nanshan should be the main source of water. From Yuanguo 5 km southeast to Weigou, the Bolin River comes from the northwest; from Wenshui southeast, there is hot spring water flowing into the West; from Tongshi town 7.5 km southward, there is Xigao river flowing into the East; from southeast, there is pengquan river flowing into the South; from Xigu to downhill, there is Xigu river flowing into the South and Jinxian river flowing into the north; from Ziqiu river flowing into the northwest of local town, there is Ziqiu river flowing into the East; Another 1.5 km southeast into the territory of Fei County. Within the county, the river reaches 47 kilometers, with a controlled drainage area of 1606 square kilometers. It is a secondary tributary of the Yi River system. The average width of riverbed is 250m, the maximum flood discharge surface is 692M, the maximum water depth is 5m, the average water depth is 2.87M, and the flood discharge is 4950m3/s. There are 24 tributaries of JUNHE river.

Wenlianghe

It is the upper reaches of the Yi River. It originates from the taihuanggou (formerly known as dakuanggou) in Baiyan Town, with an elevation of 320 meters. From west to East, it flows through Baiyan town and Zhengcheng Town, and enters Feixian County at an elevation of 156 meters from Sinan estuary of Guanyang. From Liang Qiu to the northeast, through Xujiaya and Philadelphia, it joins JUNHE River, and finally flows into Yihe River in the east of Linyi city. The section is 12 km long, with a drainage area of 181 square kilometers and an average riverbed width of 250 meters.

natural resources

water resource

The average annual surface water resources of Pingyi County is 447 million cubic meters, and the groundwater resources is 173 million cubic meters. After deducting 133 million cubic meters of repeated calculation, the average annual total water resources of Pingyi County is 487 million cubic meters, and the average water production modulus is 267000 cubic meters / square kilometers. The per capita water resources is 494 cubic meters, less than 1 / 4 of the county's per capita, which is a serious water shortage area.

surface water

According to the reduction calculation of Tangcun reservoir runoff data, the average annual runoff depth of Pingyi County is 245.1 mm, the corresponding annual river flow is 447 million cubic meters, the 50% guarantee rate runoff depth is 203.2 mm, the runoff is 371 million cubic meters, the 75% guarantee rate runoff depth is 113.2 mm, the runoff is 207 million cubic meters, the 95% guarantee rate runoff depth is 36.3 mm, the runoff is 66 million cubic meters. The regional distribution of annual runoff in the county is directly affected by precipitation and underlying surface conditions, and the spatial and temporal distribution of runoff is basically consistent with precipitation. The annual distribution of runoff depth is extremely uneven, with obvious seasonal changes. 83.5% of the annual runoff is concentrated in the flood season, even in one or two severe rainstorms and floods. The runoff in the irrigation period from March to may only accounts for 8.4% of the annual runoff, while that in other months only accounts for 8.1%. Some months even do not form runoff.

groundwater

The average annual total recharge of groundwater in Pingyi County is 180 million cubic meters, and the groundwater resource is 173 million cubic meters, of which the precipitation inflow is 1

Chinese PinYin : Shan Dong Sheng Lin Yi Shi Ping Yi Xian