Xu Yuan

Xu Yuan

Xuyuan is an ancient Chinese garden building built in Qing Dynasty. Located in the Slender West Lake Park in Yangzhou City, Jiangsu Province, "there are gardens in the park" is the characteristic of Slender West Lake. Xuyuan was built in the former site of Taohuawu, located at the north end of Chunliu on the Long embankment of Slender West Lake, which was the former site of Taohuawu in Hanyuan in the early Qing Dynasty.

Quick navigation

Panorama

Xuyuan style

In the garden, there is a lotus pond made of Yellowstone, with curved water outside and a pond inside. The pond water is connected with the lake water. Guochi is guanxuan, which means "two orioles sing green willows and a line of egrets in the sky" by Du Fu. The whole courtyard is neat and changeable. Around the Xu garden, standing in the small red bridge, small Jinshan stands, the lake suddenly open. The scale of Xuyuan is small, covering an area of 0.6 hectares. But the structure is appropriate, and the courtyard is well arranged. There are listening Oriole hall, Spring Grass Pond chanting Pavilion, Shufeng hall, etc. it integrates exquisite architectural structure and exquisite carving art, which fully embodies the wisdom and talent of ancient Chinese working people. There are two iron woks in front of the Tingli hall. It is said that they were used to hold water in the Xiaoliang period of the Southern Dynasty, and there is an inscription on the iron wok. It is said that they are relics of the Liang period of the Southern Dynasty, which is more than 1400 years ago.

The writing of "Xu Yuan" used two different fonts, but it was harmonious and interesting. It was the ancestral hall of Xu Baoshan, a warlord during the revolution of 1911.

As the screen of the thin West Lake, "Xu garden" makes the scenic spot from the prelude to the climax, and its composition technique is very superb.

There is a garden in the thin West Lake of Yangzhou, named "Xu Yuan". According to the guide, this is the private garden of Xu Baoshan, a great warlord. The inscription on the front door is Mr. Feng, a famous calligrapher in Yangzhou (called Mr. crazy). It is quite interesting to say that Mr. Qi Feng wrote the inscription on this garden.

Historical evolution

Xu Yuan was one of the private gardens in Shanghai in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China, which had a great influence on the drama and film industry in Shanghai. It is as famous as Yuyuan and Zhangyuan. According to the records of toponymy of Jing'an District, No. 5 naotuo Road, Xikang (now Kangding Road, east of Changhua Road), formerly known as Shuangqing villa. In 1866, Xu Hongkui, a native of Haining, Zhejiang Province, first built it in tangjianong, north of laozhaqiao (now Fujian north road). In 1909, his son, Xu Lingyun, a Kunqu Opera artist, moved here During the Anti Japanese War, it was destroyed by fire. Now it is the site of Daming paper mill. According to the above records, the site of the garden should be in the east of Kangding Road and Changhua Road, while Daming paper mill had divided it into two parts when building Changhua Road, and most of the rest was in the west of Changhua Road (today's flower and bird market). According to some historical maps, such as the 1917 edition of the Shanghai public concession west district and Zhabei sub map, Xuyuan is located on kangnaotuo Road, near Gordon Road (now Jiangning Road) to the west of xugongpu (now Changhua Road). According to the latest detailed drawing of Shanghai urban area (1943 Edition), Xuyuan is located in Kangding Road, east of Tokyo Road (today's Changhua Road). In addition, according to figure 66 of Volume I (II) of the old Shanghai hundred industries guide published by Shanghai Academy of Social Sciences Press, in the north of Kangding Road, in the west of Guihua Road (now Changhua Road), most of them are Zhonghua paper mill No.2, Zhonghua paper mill general office, Huade light bulb factory, and in the East a small part are Zhonghua paper mill warehouses and warehouses.

According to the available data, there are two possibilities for the Xuyuan site: (1) it is located in Kangding Road, near Jiangning Road to the west of Changhua Road. As an open private garden traffic location and the original Daming paper mill site, near Jiangning road is more likely. （2） In Kangding Road, located in the east of Changhua Road, near Taixing road.

The exact location of Xuyuan remains to be further traced and verified.

Xuyuan, the first place to show movies in China

Xu Yuan in the past

Xuyuan, also known as Xujia garden, belongs to the residence of xuhuaiting (formerly known as zhuqin, with three characters, Yunhe and yuejing) and his sons in Fengshan, Haiyan, Zhejiang Province. Xu huaiting has three sons: Xu Yongyi (named Xiaoyun), Xu Yongfu (named Ciyun, named Zhuyin old man) and Xu Yongkang (named Yuyun).

His eldest son Xu Yongyi (1826-1900) served as Minister of military aircraft and Minister of the Ministry of war during the reign of Emperor Guangxu of the Qing Dynasty. His second son, Xu Yongfu (1829-1908), built water conservancy projects and gave alms, making many contributions to the local area.

The garden was built between Daoguang and Xianfeng in the Qing Dynasty. It was set on fire by Japanese invaders who occupied Haiyan in May 1938. It has been 66 years since it disappeared.

Xuyuan is the back garden of Xufu, which was also known as "Shangshu hall". "Shangshu hall" is adjacent to Chengnei Street (Haibin East Road) in the south. The wall crosses the street, and there are two doors in the East and the west, encircling the south wall. It starts from cuiya Lane in the East, ends at Xinqiao road in the west, and ends at Houlong Hall of "Shangshu hall" in Xufu in the north. It is probably located in the area of "Jingxie Hotel". In that year, in the "Shangshu hall", there was a plaque inscribed by Emperor Guangxu entitled "Tianguan Sima". At the back of "Shangshu hall", there are louting and liangdai, both of which are zoumatang buildings. They are the residences of Xu's family members. To the north, there is a row of flat houses, which are bedrooms for servants and servants, kitchen rooms and houses for storing sundries.

To the north of Xufu is Xuyuan, covering an area of about 10 mu, which is roughly the same as today's Qiyuan, separated by walls and alleys. Xuyuan, Zhuyuan (now Haiyan Hotel) in the northwest of xinqiaonong and Baike garden in the north of xinqiaonong formed a balance of three gardens. Entering the garden from the main entrance, you will see a corridor around the whole garden. Inside the gate, there is a flower stand, in which there is a column of towering stalagmites, surrounded by several bamboo poles, which is quite elegant. The corridor is undulating, wavy and unique. The railings along the corridor coincide with the pavilions. The corridor extends northward from the East and West corners, then turns to the west of the garden, and then extends southward again. Along the corridor around the garden, the panoramic view of Xu garden is in the mind of tourists.

Zhuyinlu is the central building of Xuyuan. A large area of square bamboo is planted on the west side of the Lu, extending to the corridor in the West. At the same time, square bamboo is also planted in the north of Lu. The interior of the house has bright and clean windows and elegant furnishings. Lushan rockery stone Linglong, Huaying Fushu, a pond side. There is another rockery in the south of the pond, with a bend of flowing water and a half curved bridge. In the north of zhuyinlu, there are two rockeries and many square bamboos. There are many caves in the two rockeries, and the gates are separated by railings and connected in a zigzag way. The flower path in the garden is paved with pebbles, which can be continued. There is a round portal outside the East corridor, which can lead to the corner gate of the east courtyard. Entering this corner gate, there is a unique cave. In the youhuang flower rack, there is a courtyard building, which is the library of the Xu family. There is also a towering Pavilion here, Jiege, which is the "Wanghai tower" for watching the sea and waves. From this pavilion, you can see the rolling waves and flocks of gulls in Hangzhou Bay to the East; from the west, you can see the lights of Tianning Temple and the ancient town; from the south, you can see the green mountains and verdant trees; from the north, you can see the vast green fields in the suburbs. Dengsilou view, spring, summer, autumn and winter, the four seasons of the year, different timing, different views.

Xu garden was a typical Chinese garden and a scenic spot of Haiyan. In 1938, it was burned by the brutal Japanese aggressors, which became the last hatred of the general public.

The story of Xu Yuan

It is said that although Xu Baoshan is a big warlord, he has great influence and influence in the local area, but he has asked Mr. Feng to write for his garden for many times. Mr. Feng always shirks it for various reasons, which makes Xu Baoshan very embarrassed and even more tries to get his words, but he can't get them. Mr. Feng also has the backbone of a scholar. He is not willing to make friends with the big warlords, let alone leave his own handwriting on the head of his garden.

Although Xu Baoshan was very angry, he had nothing to do with this scholar. It's easy to do. He knew that Mr. Feng was proud, but he had a hobby, that is, he liked to drink, and he would get drunk every time he drank. The servant then invited Mr. Feng to the garden for a drink. Mr. Feng did not know what the plan was, so he went happily. After three rounds of drinking, the servant complimented Mr. Feng wantonly: I've heard a lot about Mr. Feng's talent, but I haven't got Mr. Feng's ink yet. Can you write a word for me? Mr. Feng said: what's the difficulty? So he waited with pen and ink. When you ask what you want to write, the servant says, "the breeze is coming, the spring is all over the garden.". With a stroke of his pen, Mr. Feng wrote the four words "gentle breeze", At this time, there was a gust of wind, and Mr. Feng's strength of wine suddenly woke up. He found that he was in the trap of others. If they took out two of the eight characters, they would become the name of the garden. But if they could not write half of them, they would not write them. What should we do? He frowned and figured out that the last four characters immediately became cursive. He thought that you could not use them in the name of the garden, but Xu Baoshan had no choice This time, I had to use these two words, so the name of the garden is running script and cursive script.

Although Mr. Feng found that he had been cheated by others, he was helpless. However, after being instructed by others, Xu Baoshan found that there were still some problems with the word "Xu Yuan". One was that the middle part of the word "Xu" was prominent and wrong. The other was that the middle part of the word "Xu" was a tiger, and the outside part was not a regular word. Didn't this mean that I, Xu, was a tiger in a cage? So he asked Mr. Feng about the crime. Mr. Feng can also justify himself. The word "Xu" shows that you are not a person under others, and you will come out one day. As for the tiger in the circle, it means that you are a fierce tiger in the local area, which means that you are powerful. After hearing this, Xu Baoshan nodded his head and said yes, a storm has finally passed, and the two words on the garden are gone

Chinese PinYin : Xu Yuan