Huzhou City, Zhejiang Province

Huzhou is a prefecture level city under the jurisdiction of Zhejiang Province. It is one of the 27 cities in the central area of the Yangtze River Delta, the core city of Dawan district around Hangzhou Bay, and the center city of G60 science and technology innovation corridor. It is located in the north of Zhejiang Province, at the intersection of Zhejiang, Jiangsu and Anhui provinces. It is adjacent to Jiaxing in the East, Hangzhou in the south, Tianmu Mountain in the west, Taihu Lake in the north, Wuxi and Suzhou across the lake. It is located on the South Bank of Taihu Lake, at the confluence of Dongtiaoxi and Xitiaoxi. It has 2 districts and 3 counties, covering an area of 5820.13 square kilometers.

Huzhou is an ancient city in the south of the Yangtze River with a history of more than 2300 years. Its establishment began in the Warring States period. There are many natural landscapes and historical and cultural landscapes, such as Mogan mountain and Nanxun ancient town. Huzhou is a national historical and cultural city, a national forest city, a national garden city, and a national health city. It has local products such as shuangdu snow lotus root and Taihu lake lily. It is also the birthplace of modern lake merchants.

Chinese mainland city ranked 30 best city in December 2018, and China's 2018 best tourism destination cities in 2018.

In June 2020, the Central Committee for the rule of law was selected as the first batch of national government construction demonstration areas and projects. In July 2020, Huzhou City was confirmed as a national health city in 2019 by the National Patriotic Health Association.

Huzhou was the place of Fangfeng family (the capital of which was in Wukang of Deqing County today) during the reign of the five emperors Xia Yu. The place where Xiayu destroyed Fangfeng family belonged to Yangzhou. Until the Shang Dynasty, Wu Taibo and his younger brother Zhong Yong ran to jingman and named themselves "Gouwu" to establish the state of Wu, Huzhou belonged to Gouwu. It is one of the "three Wu" (Suzhou Huzhou Kuaiji). In 473 BC, the state of Yue destroyed the state of Wu, belonging to the state of Yue. In the 35th year of King Xian of Zhou Dynasty (334 BC), Chu destroyed Yue, which belonged to the state of Chu.

In the 15th year of King kaolie of Chu Dynasty (248 BC), Huang Xieyi, the emperor of Chunshen, was granted the title of "Zicheng county" after he built the city here. It was named after zeduo Zicao. The site is located in yaotou village, Yunchao, Wuxing district.

In the 25th year of the reign of the king of Qin (222 BC), Wucheng county was established. In the first year of emperor Gaodi of Han Dynasty (206 BC), Xiang Yu built "Xiang Wang City" in the Western Chu overlord city of Huzhou. In the fifth year of Liu Bang (202), Xiang Yu was destroyed by Liu Bang and belonged to the Han army. In the twelfth year of Liu Bang (195), Liu Gu was granted the title of king of Wu in the Han Dynasty. In the third year of the Yuan Dynasty before Liu Qi (154 BC), Liu Gu, king of Wu, belonged to the Han Dynasty after the Seven Kingdoms rebellion was settled

In 266, the first year of Baoding, the Marquis of Wu Cheng in the Three Kingdoms, Wuxing was divided into Wu and Danyang counties.

In the second year of Renshou (602) of Sui Dynasty, Huzhou was named after Taihu Lake, which was the beginning of its establishment.

In Tang Dynasty, Wuxing County in Huzhou was called Shangjun. In the fourth year of Wude, Wucheng county was set up, with five counties under its jurisdiction: Wucheng, Wang, Wukang, Shang, Changcheng, Wang, Anji, Jin, Deqing, Shang.

In 908, the second year of Kaiping in the late Liang Dynasty, Qian Liu, the king of Wu and Yue, changed Changcheng county to Changxing County in order to avoid Zhu Cheng, the father of Zhu Wen, the Taizu of the late Liang Dynasty.

The Song Dynasty was one of the twelve prefectures in Zhejiang Province, Wuxing County in Huzhou. In the first year of Jingyou, it was promoted to Zhaoqing army. In the first year of Baoqing, it was changed into "Anji Prefecture". During the reign of Chongning, the number of households was 162335 and the population was 361689. Six counties under its jurisdiction: Wucheng, Wang, Guian, Wang (established in the seventh year of the Taiping rejuvenation of the state), Anji, Wang, Changxing, Wang, Deqing, Jin, Wukang. It's on.

In Yuan Dynasty, Huzhou belonged to Huzhou Road, a provincial province of Jiangsu and Zhejiang. In the 13th year of Zhiyuan Dynasty, anjizhou was upgraded to Huzhou road. The number of households is 254345. Lingsi 1, Xianwu 5, Zhouyi: lushsi, Wucheng, Shang, Guian, Shang, Anji, Zhong, Deqing, Xia, Wukang. In the first year of Yuanzhen, Changxing County was promoted as a state.

In November 1366, the Huzhou Prefecture belonged to Zhu Yuanzhang. In November of the 14th year (1381), he was transferred to the Department of political envoys of Zhejiang Province. Lingzhou 1, county 6: wuchengyi, guianyi, Changxing (in 1357, Changxing Prefecture was renamed as the governor Prefecture, and in 1362, Changxing was renamed as the governor Prefecture. In the second year of Hongwu, it was reduced to county, Deqing, Wukang and anjhou (in the first year of Zhengde, it was upgraded to state and led to Xiaofeng county).

Huzhou government in Qing Dynasty: complex, tired and difficult. Li Hangzhou Jiahu road. In 1773, Anji was changed into a county. Lingxian seven. Wu Cheng fan, tired, difficult, Yi, GUI an fan, tired, difficult, Yi, Chang Xing Chong, fan, De Qing fan, tired, difficult, Wu Kang fan, difficult, Anji fan, difficult, Xiao Feng Jian.

In the first year of the Republic of China (1912), Wucheng county and Gui'an county were merged into Wuxing county. In 1914, Qiantang road was established. Deqing County, Wukang County, Changxing County, Anji County and Wuxing county all belong to Qiantang road. In 1927, Dao was abolished, and each county directly belongs to the province. After the fall of Huzhou, the people's Army established the Anti Japanese base area of Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Anhui, led the local people in the National Revolutionary War, attacked the enemy, and developed itself. In 1944, the New Fourth Army Jiangsu Zhejiang military region was established. In 1949, the Chinese people's Liberation Army launched the campaign of crossing the Yangtze River, and Huzhou counties were liberated one after another.

After liberation, Zhejiang first special area, Jiaxing special area and Jiaxing area were set up successively, and the administrative office was located in Huzhou for a long time. In 1949, "Wuxing city" was set up in Wuxing County District, and it was changed into "Huzhou City" in 1950. It was abolished in 1962 and restored in 1970. In 1981, Wuxing county was abolished and merged into Huzhou City. In October 1983, the land was removed to build a city, and Huzhou and Jiaxing were established as provincial cities. Huzhou City governs two municipal districts of Wuxing and Nanxun, and three counties of Changxing, Deqing and Anji.

administrative division

By the end of 2016, Huzhou had jurisdiction over Deqing, Changxing and Anji counties and Wuxing and Nanxun districts, with a total area of 5818 square kilometers. The municipal government is located in Renhuangshan new area.

geographical environment

Location context

Huzhou is located between 30 degrees 22 to 31 degrees 11 north latitude and 119 degrees 14 to 120 degrees 29 east longitude. It is 126 kilometers long from east to west and 90 kilometers wide from north to south. It is located in the north of Zhejiang Province and on the South Bank of Taihu Lake. It is close to Jiangsu and Anhui provinces. It governs Deqing, Changxing and Anji counties and Wuxing and Nanxun districts. The total area is 5818 square kilometers.

topographic features

The terrain of Huzhou City inclines from southwest to northeast, with mountains in the west, and the highest peak, Longwang mountain, is 1587 meters above sea level. The eastern part is plain water network area, with an average altitude of only about 3 meters. There are Dongtiaoxi, Xitiaoxi and many other rivers. The topography of Huzhou is close to Tianmu Mountain range in the West. There are 15 peaks above 1000 meters above sea level, among which Longwang mountain is 1587 meters high.

hydrology

The main rivers in Huzhou City are Xitiaoxi, Dongtiaoxi, downstream Tang, shuanglintang, si'antang, etc.; the border is adjacent to the upstream of Dongtiaoxi in the south, Taihu Lake in the north, the Grand Canal and Huangpu River in the East. There are 149 reservoirs with a capacity of more than 10 cubic meters. The area is 536 square kilometers, and the river density is about 2.6-3.8 km / km2, including 496 square kilometers of rivers and lakes. The Beijing Hangzhou Grand Canal and the Dongtiaoxi and Xitiaoxi rivers from the foot of Tianmu Mountain run through Huzhou. Tiaoxi flows from Yetang to Huangpu River in the East, and flows into Taihu Lake in the north through 56 lougang.

climate

Huzhou City is located in the north subtropical monsoon climate zone. The general characteristics of the climate are as follows: the monsoon is significant and the four seasons are distinct; the rain and heat are in the same season and the precipitation is abundant; the light and temperature are synchronous and the sunshine is less; the climate is mild and the air is humid; the terrain fluctuates greatly and the vertical climate is obvious. The annual average temperature of the whole city is 12.2-17.3 ℃. The coldest month is January, the average temperature is - 0.4-5.5 ℃, the hottest month is July, the average temperature is 24.4-30.8 ℃, the frost free period is 224-246 days, the days between 10-10 ℃ are 200-236 days, the active accumulated temperature between 10-10 ℃ is 3800-5130 degrees, the annual sunshine hours are 1613-2430 hours, the annual total solar radiation is 102-111 kcal / cm2, and the annual precipitation is 761-178 The annual average relative humidity is above 80%. The wind direction has obvious seasonal variation. The northwest wind prevails in winter half year and the southeast wind prevails in summer half year. March and September are the transition period of monsoon transition, and generally the northeast and east wind are dominant. The annual average wind speed is 1.7-3.2 M / s.

natural resources

mineral resources

There are four kinds of mineral resources in Huzhou, which are nonmetal, fuel, metal and water gas. They are characterized by abundant building materials and clay nonmetallic mineral resources, shortage of fuel mineral resources and shortage of metal mineral resources. Up to 2014, there are 61 kinds of known minerals, mainly including limestone, building stone (including sedimentary rock, volcanic rock and magmatic rock), bentonite, wollastonite, calcite, quartz sandstone, facing stone, diopside and mineral water; followed by fluorite, shale, clay for cement, pottery, brick clay and yellow sand.

plant resources

As of April 2016, there are 1334 species of fungi, ferns and seed plants belonging to 173 families in Huzhou. There are 8 species in 7 families of fungi, 64 species in 27 families of ferns, 8 species in 4 families of gymnosperms and 1254 species in 135 families of angiosperms. More than 8420 ancient and famous trees have been listed in the city, mainly including Liquidambar formosana, Cinnamomum camphora, Ginkgo biloba, Cryptomeria fortunei, etc.; the rich wild plant resources in Huzhou City are mainly concentrated in Longwangshan Nature Reserve (Provincial Nature Reserve) < / I >. Among them, there are 23 species of national rare and endangered plants, which are: Ginkgo biloba < I > (wild state) < / I >, jingangda, Trillium Trillium, linchunmu, Coptis chinensis, Illicium, Liriodendron, Magnolia, Magnolia, Magnolia officinalis, Magnolia officinalis, Magnolia Tianmu, Magnolia zingiberensis, Phoebe chekiangensis, Prunus huangshanensis, hamamelis, Sorbus huangshanensis, silver magpie, purple stem, Pseudostellaria japonica Primula Corydalis, Dryopteris ciliaris, Emmenopterys.

Animal resources

As of April 2016, Huzhou

Chinese PinYin : Zhe Jiang Sheng Hu Zhou Shi