Xiaogan City, Hubei Province

Xiaogan Xiaogan, a prefecture level city in Hubei Province, is named after Dong Yong, the filial son of the Eastern Han Dynasty, who sold himself to bury his father and moved the world. Xiaogan is a regional central city in Hubei Province, an important member of Wuhan city circle and the urban agglomeration in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River, and a national comprehensive pilot area of new urbanization. It is also one of the most potential and competitive cities in Central China, ranking in the forefront of Hubei Province in terms of comprehensive competitiveness.

Xiaogan is located in the northeast of Hubei Province, north of the Yangtze River and east of the Hanjiang River, bordering Wuhan city. The urban area is about 60 km away from the center of Wuhan city and 30 km away from Wuhan Tianhe International Airport. It has jurisdiction over one district, three county-level cities, three counties, one national high-tech zone and seven provincial development zones (high-tech zones), covering an area of 8910 square kilometers. At the end of 2019, the total registered residence of the city's population was 5 million 151 thousand and 500, with a permanent population of 4 million 921 thousand, of whom 2 million 868 thousand and 900 were urban and 58.3% were urbanization.

Xiaogan landform from south to North for plains, hills, mountains, climate and North-South advantages, fertile land, is an important grain, cotton and oil production base. Rich in geological and mineral resources, it is known as "gypsum city", "salt sea" and "phosphorus mountain".

Evolution of organizational system

The origin of place names

Filial piety has a profound cultural heritage. In the first year of Xiaojian (454 A.D.) in the Southern Dynasty, the county was named "Xiaochang". In the second year of Tongguang (924 AD), Zhuangzong Li Cunxu violated his grandfather's taboo because of the word "Chang" in the name of Xiaochang County. Therefore, according to the stories of Dong Yong's selling his body to bury his father, Huang Xiangfan's quilt and Meng Zong's crying bamboo shoots, he changed Xiaochang County to Xiaogan County, which is the beginning of the name of "Xiaogan".

Historical evolution

In Xia and Shang Dynasties, it was the place of ancient Jingzhou.

Zhou was a separate territory of Chu, Yun and Yun, and both of them had their capitals here.

Qin belonged to Nanjun; after Han Dynasty, it belonged to Jiangxia of Jingzhou.

After the northern and Southern Dynasties, it belonged to Anlu county.

It belonged to Anzhou in Tang Dynasty and De'an Prefecture after Song Dynasty.

Qing Fen belongs to De'an and Hanyang.

During the period of the Republic of China, it belonged to the third, fourth and fifth administrative supervision areas of Hubei Province. Xiaogan, as a prefecture level administrative region, was set up in May 1949.

Before June 1951, the Xiaogan office had jurisdiction over nine counties, including Xiaogan, Lishan, Yingshan, Anlu, Yunmeng, Yingcheng, Huangpi, Huang'an (now Hongan) and suixian (now Suizhou). After June, Hanchuan county and Hanyang County, which were originally under the jurisdiction of Mianyang special office, were put under the jurisdiction of Xiaogan special office. At the same time, Yingcheng mining area people's Government (county level) was established. At this time, 12 county-level governments were under the jurisdiction of the special office.

In January 1952, Daye Special Office was abolished, and seven counties in Jiangnan, including Xianning, Wuchang, Puqi, Jiayu, Chongyang, Tongshan and Tongcheng, which were originally under Daye's jurisdiction, were put under the jurisdiction of Xiaogan special office. In June, suixian county was put under Xiangyang special administration. In September, Huang'an was assigned to Huanggang special office, and Lishan county was changed to Dawu county.

In May 1953, the government of Yingcheng mining area was abolished. After that, until November 1959, when the Xiaogan special office was abolished and its subordinate counties were merged into Wuhan City, the Xiaogan special office had jurisdiction over 16 counties in Jiangnan and Jiangbei. In August 1960, Anlu and Yunmeng, Xianning and Puqi, Wuchang and Jiayu, Chongyang and Tongcheng were merged into four counties, Anlu, Xianning, Wuchang and Chongyang.

In May 1961, the prefecture and city were divided and the special office of Xiaogan was set up again. Wuhan city returned the above 12 counties to Xiaogan. In December, the special administration restored the 12 counties under its jurisdiction as 16 counties before they were merged into Wuhan city.

In July 1965, the seven counties in Jiangnan, which were assigned to Xiaogan when Daye Special Office was abolished, were transferred to Xianning special office, which was newly established, and the former nine counties in Jiangbei were under the jurisdiction of Xiaogan special office.

During the cultural revolution, Xiaogan area was renamed Xiaogan area.

In December 1975, Hanyang county was designated as Wuhan city.

In August 1983, Xiaogan county was abolished and Xiaogan City was set up at the county level. At the same time, Huangpi county was assigned to Wuhan city.

In June 1986, Yingcheng county was abolished and Yingcheng City was established. In September 1987, Anlu county was abolished and Anlu City was established.

In October 1988, Yingshan County was abolished and Guangshui city was established.

In June 1993, Xiaogan district was abolished and prefecture level Xiaogan City was established. At the same time, Xiaogan City at the county level was abolished and Xiaonan District and Xiaochang County at the county level were established. After the withdrawal of land, the newly established prefecture level Xiaogan City implemented the administrative system of taking the city as the leading county. It was directly under the jurisdiction of Xiaonan District. It had jurisdiction over four counties, including Xiaochang, Dawu, Yunmeng and Hanchuan, and took charge of three county-level cities, including Guangshui, Anlu and Yingcheng.

In March 1997, Hanchuan county was abolished and Hanchuan City was established.

In August 2000, Guangshui city was entrusted to the newly established prefecture level Suizhou city.

administrative division

Xiaogan City is one of the prefecture level cities in Hubei Province. It has jurisdiction over Xiaonan District and Yunmeng, Xiaochang and Dawu counties, and takes charge of Yingcheng, Anlu and Hanchuan counties. The government is located at 123 Qiankun Avenue, Xiaogan City.

geographical environment

Location context

Xiaogan City is located in the middle northeast of Hubei Province, south of Tongbai mountain and Dabie Mountain, north of Yangtze River and east of Hanjiang River. It is adjacent to Dongxihu District and Xiantao City of Wuhan City in the south, Xinyang City of Henan Province in the north, Suizhou, Jingmen, Tianmen and other cities and counties in the west, Hongan County of Huanggang City and Huangpi District of Wuhan City in the East. Its geographical location is 30 ° 23 ′ - 31 ° 52 ′ n, 113 ° 19 ′ - 114 ° 35 ′ E. It is about 163 kilometers long from north to South and 122 kilometers wide from east to west. The land area of the city is 8910 square kilometers. Xiaogan is close to Wuhan with superior location and convenient transportation. It is 60km away from the center of Wuhan, 30km away from Wuhan Tianhe International Airport and 50km away from Wuhan port, the largest inland port. Beijing Guangzhou railway, Hanyu railway and Changjing railway pass through the territory. There are four expressways, namely Beijing Zhuhai Expressway, Fuyin expressway, Hurong Expressway and Wujing expressway, and two national highways, 107 and 316, crisscross the territory. Hanjiang River, Fuhe River, Huanhe River and Hanbei River connect the Yangtze River and reach all parts of the Yangtze River.

topographic features

The terrain of Xiaogan City is high in the north and low in the south, and the transition from Dabie Mountain and Tongbai mountain to Jianghan Plain is a slope landform. In general, 10% of low mountains, 30% of plains and 60% of hills. Xiaogan City is located in the north of the Yangtze River and the south of the Dabie Mountains and Tongbai mountains. It spans the Yangtze and Huaihe river basins, of which the Yangtze River Basin is 8438.12 square kilometers and the Huaihe River Basin is 471.88 square kilometers. The remaining veins of Tongbai mountain and Dabie Mountain extend from northwest to Southeast and northeast to southwest to north respectively, which are the watershed of Yangtze River and Huaihe River. The overall trend of terrain is higher in the north and lower in the south. The Huaihe River Basin is higher in the southwest and lower in the northeast, while the Yangtze River Basin is higher in the north and lower in the south. The northern part of the territory is a low mountain area with a peak height of 400-800 meters. The highest peak in the territory is Wuyue mountain at the junction of Hubei and Henan, with an altitude of 880 meters and shuangfengjian in Xiaochang, with an altitude of 873.7 meters. The central part is hilly area, and the ground elevation is between 50 and 150 meters above sea level. The southern part is plain Lake area, which is a part of Jianghan Plain. The ground elevation is below 50 meters above sea level. The lowest point (not counted at the bottom of riverbed) is Tongjia Lake in Xiaonan District, with an elevation of 17.5 meters. The mountainous area is 1887 square kilometers, accounting for 21% of the land area of Xiaogan City, the hilly area is 3692 square kilometers, accounting for 41% of the land area of Xiaogan City, and the plain Lake area is 3341 square kilometers, accounting for 37% of the land area of Xiaogan City.

climate

Xiaogan City has a subtropical continental monsoon climate with four distinct seasons, abundant rainfall, warm and humid, and sufficient light. The annual average temperature ranges from 15.5 ° C to 16.5 ° C. The average temperature in winter (January) is 2-4 ℃, and the average temperature in summer (July) is 28-29 ℃. The average daily temperature of Xiaogan City is not less than 10 ℃. The extreme minimum temperature was - 15 ℃ in Yingcheng on January 31, 1969, and the extreme maximum temperature was 43.1 ℃ in Dawu on August 23, 1959. The annual frost free period is 225-257 days, increasing from north to south. The first frost period is in the middle and late November in the south, and in the late March in the north. The annual sunshine hours are 2020-2190 hours. The annual rainfall is 1040-1230 mm, and 70% of the rainfall is concentrated in April to September.

natural resources

mineral resources

Xiaogan ancient yunmengze, geological development is more complete, rich in underground mineral resources. There are 23 kinds of main mineral resources in seven categories, including 11 kinds of high-quality minerals. Gypsum, salt and phosphorus are known as the "three treasures of Xiaogan". The geological reserves of gypsum in Yingcheng are 429 million tons, especially fiber gypsum, with grade ranking the first in Asia. The reserves are 88 million tons, accounting for 92.3% of the total reserves in the whole province and 58.7% of the total reserves in China. The rock salt in Yunmeng and Yingcheng areas is shallow buried, with high content of sodium chloride. The geological reserves are 280 billion tons, of which the industrial reserves are 50 billion tons. In 1988, it was proved that there are rock salt resources in Mahe of Hanchuan, with industrial reserves of 94 million tons . The geological reserves of Dawu phosphate mine are 172 million tons, and the mining and beneficiation conditions are good. Yunmeng mirabilite reserves 54 million tons, ore body concentration, suitable for mining, Xiaogan there are rare earth, gold, silver, copper, nickel and other precious metal mines, including heavy rare earth (yttrium) geological reserves 31000 tons, accounting for 100% of the province's reserves. The geological reserves of nickel in Dawu are 265600 tons, accounting for 100% of the province's reserves. So far, these metal mines have not been mined except for gold, silver and copper. In addition, there are rich reserves of barite (4.67 million tons), marble (2 million cubic meters), granite (1.536 million cubic meters), mica (140.7 tons, accounting for 81% of the province's reserves), serpentine (167 million tons, accounting for 100% of the province's reserves), mineral water, etc.

Water resources

Chinese PinYin : Hu Bei Sheng Xiao Gan Shi