crab

crab

(Ben Jing)

[synonym], Guo Suo (taixuanjing),? (Shuowen),? (Guangya),? (Yupian), crab (crab spectrum), hairy crab, rice crab (yilinzuoyao),? (Luchuan materia medica).

[source] it is the meat and viscera of Eriocheir sinensis.

[animal morphology] Eriocheir sinensis

All of them are hard crustacean, with black green on the back and light color on the abdomen. The cephalothorax is about 5.4 cm long and 6 cm wide, square and round in shape, with a convex back, 4 teeth on the frontal margin and 4 teeth on the anterior margin. The mouth is composed of three pairs of jaw feet, the third pair of jaw feet is flat and wide, covering the outermost part of the mouth. Antennae 2 pairs, located in the center of the front of the head and chest. There are 5 pairs of thoracic limbs, the first pair is a powerful claw foot, and the inner and outer surfaces of palmar and phalangeal base are densely covered with villi; the other 4 pairs are walking feet, long and flat, with sharp claw like ends; the dorsal edge of wrist and anterior segment of the first 3 pairs of walking feet, and the dorsal and ventral edge of anterior segment and phalangeal base of the fourth pair of walking feet are densely covered with bristles. The abdomen degenerates and folds below the head and chest. There is no tail segment and tail limb. The female is round and the male is triangular. It is commonly known as umbilicus. There are four pairs of females, which are attached to the umbilicus after the eggs are laid. There are only 2 pairs of males, and they have become mating apparatus.

They live in caves on the earth bank around rivers, lakes, rivers or paddy fields. They lie in the daytime and rise at night and feed on animal carcasses or grains. In autumn, it grows well and often migrates to the offshore to breed. The eggs carried by the female crab hatch between March and may of the next year. After several metamorphosis, the larvae develop into juveniles, and then go up the river and continue to grow in fresh water. They are distributed in coastal areas.

The crustacean (crab shell) and claw (crab claw) of this animal are also used for medicine.

[collection] in autumn.

[chemical composition] 100 g edible part contains 80 g of water, 14 g of protein, 2.6 g of fat, 0.7 g of carbohydrates, 2.7 g of ash, 141 mg of calcium, 191 mg of phosphorus, 0.8 mg of iron, 30 IU of vitamin A, 0.01 mg of thiamine, 0.51 mg of riboflavin, 2.1 mg of niacin, and 0.05% of cholesterol. Muscle contains more than 10 kinds of free amino acids, among which glutamic acid, glycine, proline, histidine and arginine are more. When the crab enters fresh water from sea or fresh water, the nitrogen metabolism in the body changes accordingly. For example, the amount of total amino acids in muscle decreased after 3 hours from sea water to flag water. The most significant changes were proline and glycine, and the amount of ammonia excreted increased.

[flavor] salty, cold.

① Ben Jing: "it tastes salty and cold. "

② Bielu: "poisonous. "

③ "Rihuazi Materia Medica": "cool, slightly toxic. "

[channel tropism] into liver and stomach channels.

① "Entering the Foot Yangming and Jueyin meridians. "

② "Ben Cao Zai Xin": "enter the heart, liver and kidney. "

Functions and indications: clearing away heat, dispersing blood and removing injury. It is used to treat muscle and bone injury, scabies, lacquer sores and scalds.

① "Ben Jing" says: "in the chest, the evil Qi is hot and painful, and the crooked face is swollen. "

② Ben Cao Jing Ji Zhu: "kill anisodamine poison. "

③ Bielu: "jiejiesanxue, yuqichuang, yangjinyiqi. "

④ Cui Yuxi's "the book of food": "master? Nose evil blood, clear eyes sober up. "

⑤ Meng Shen: "it can disperse all kinds of heat, treat stomach qi, regulate muscles and veins, and eliminate food. Vinegar food, limb section, the main five viscera in the trouble. "

⑥ According to the collection of Materia Medica, "the pulp and foot of the crab's foot are yellow in the shell, and it can cut off the bones and muscles, boil the broken bones slightly, and even the tendons in the sores. "

⑦ "Rihuazi materia medica:" it can cure postpartum abdominal pain and blood, and sprinkle it; it can break bones and muscles, and it is good to stir fry raw materials. "

⑧ "Diannan Materia Medica": "mountain crabs are strong in muscles and bones, and can traverse the meridians. "

⑨ In the compendium of Medical Sciences, the treatment of malaria and jaundice, the application of plaster on scabies and ringworm, and the application of plaster on deafness are discussed. "The salt crab juice can cure the swelling and pain of the larynx, and it will disappear when it is full of fine throat. "

⑩ "The book meets the original": "raw ramming and painting are hot. "

(11) according to the diet of suixiju: "it can nourish the bone marrow, nourish the liver yin, fill the gastric juice, nourish the tendons and activate the blood circulation, and cure the gangrene. "

[usage and dosage] oral administration: burn and store the powder or make pills. External use: tamping or baking, grinding and mixing.

[should avoid] those who are not clear of external evil, deficiency cold of spleen and stomach, and persistent wind disease should take it with caution.

① "Ben Cao Yan Yi" says, "this thing moves the wind very much. It can't be eaten because of the wind. "

② "Daily use materia medica:" do not eat with red persimmon. Occasionally in the crab poison, fried perilla juice drink, or pound wax gourd juice drink, can dissolve. "

③ "Compendium": "not with persimmon and Schizonepeta tenuifolia food, cholera, wind, wood juice solution. "

④ According to the classic of Materia Medica, "it is appropriate to treat injuries caused by injuries caused by injuries and stagnation of blood and heat. If the blood coagulates due to cold, and the husband's spleen and stomach are cold and slippery, abdominal pain is like heat and aversion to cold, it is not appropriate to take salty food. "

② "With the rest of the diet:" Qi deficiency cold, when the feeling is not clear, phlegm cough and diarrhea are taboo. "

[prescription selection] 1. For the treatment of osseous detachment: mash the raw crabs, pour them in with hot wine, drink several bowls of them, and spread the dregs. In half a day, the sound of the valley in the bone is good, the dry crabs burn ashes, and the wine is also good. (Tang Yao experience prescription)

② Treatment of traumatic fracture tendon broken: crab, baked grind end, each time three to four money, wine delivery service. (he Gu San, Quanzhou materia medica)

③ Treatment of children with cranial solution: crab claw and white and rotten, painted quite. (Ben Cao Yan Yi)

4. Treat damp heat jaundice: Crab burns and spreads, and wine and pills are large, such as Wutong Zi, each serving fifty pills, under the white soup, and serving two times a day. (Linhu jijianfang)

⑤ Cure scabies: crabs baked grind end, adjust pig fat apply affected area. (Quanzhou materia medica)

⑥ Treatment of lacquer sores extends to the whole body: mash raw crab and apply it. Can also apply scabies wet ringworm for a long time. (behind the elbow)

⑦ Treatment of postpartum pain: Mountain crabs no matter how many, with new tile baking, hot wine clothing, good effect. (materia medica of Southern Yunnan)

[famous scholar's discussion] 1. In the book of Materia Medica, the crab tastes salty and the Qi is cold. It enters the Foot Yangming and the foot Jueyin meridians. The Scripture says: "heat in the interior, treatment with salty cold", so the main chest heat knot pain also. If the heat of the two meridians is relieved, the tendons will be raised and the Qi will benefit themselves. If the swelling of the face is eliminated, it is necessary to remove the heat of the two meridians. Salty blood and soft hard, it can solve the knot scattered blood. The healing of lacquer sores is due to its ability to detoxify lacquer poison. "

② "Ben Jing Feng Yuan": "the crab's nature is specialized in breaking blood, so it can cut off muscles and bones. In this classic, the main reason is that the evil Qi in the chest is hot and painful, and the crooked face is swollen, all of which are caused by blood stasis. The performance of the paint, today's life pound cure paint sores, fire wounds, all take the meaning of blood. "Rihua" treats broken bones and tendons, and it's very difficult to deal with them. Cangqiyun can be used to cut the tendons, remove the shell and use yellow, mash and stir fry the tendons, and bring them into the sore. We can see that his work is not only scattered, but also combined with blood. However, crab and persimmon are cold in nature, so they are not suitable to eat together, which makes people diarrhea. "

Chinese PinYin : Xie