Asparagus root

Asparagus root

(records of Sichuan Traditional Chinese Medicine)

[synonym] luditou (Lingnan medicine collection record), staircase pole (Sichuan Traditional Chinese medicine records).

[source] it is the rhizome of asparagus.

[plant morphology] Arundo donax, also known as Arundo donax (Bencao Huiyan) and Dendrocalamus oldhami (classified herbal medicine).

Perennial herbs. Rhizomatous, fibrous roots stout. Stem erect, 2-6 m high, 1-1.5 cm in diameter, often branched. Leaf sheath is longer than internode, glabrous or villous at neck, ligule membranous, truncated, about 1.5 mm long, apex with short hairs; leaf blade flat, 30-60 cm long, 2-5 cm wide, surface and margin slightly rough when tender. Panicle, 30-60 cm long, dense branches, ascending obliquely, spikelets with 2-4 flowers; glume lanceolate, 8-10 mm long, with 3-5 veins; lemma also has 3-5 veins, midrib extending into 1-2 mm awn, abaxial middle below dense white hairs slightly shorter than lemma, basal disc about 0.5 mm long, upper both sides pubescent, first lemma 8-10 mm long; palea About half of lemma. The flowering period is from October to December.

It grows on moist and deep soil beside streams and houses. Distribution in southwest, South China and Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Hunan and other places.

The juice from the tender shoots (Asparagus) and stems (asparagus juice) of this plant is also used for medicine. Please refer to the special section for details.

[collection] in summer, pull up the whole plant, cut the rhizome, wash it, remove the fibrous roots, slice or dry it in the sun.

[medicinal materials] the dry rhizome is curved and oblate, 10-48 cm long and 2-2.5 cm thick, yellow brown, with longitudinal wrinkles, one end slightly thick, with different sizes of shoots bud protrusion, with fibrous root broken marks around the base; there are nodes, with yellowish leaf sheath residual marks on the nodes, or all wrapped by leaf sheath. It is hard and not easy to break. It is better to be tender, dry and short.

Produced in Sichuan.

[chemical constituents] the rhizome contains n, n-methyltryptamine, 5-methoxy-n-methyltryptamine, Bufo toxin tryptamine, dehydroabufo toxin tryptamine, Bufo tenidine and other indole derivatives.

The leaves contain Triacontanol, α - coumarin acetate, β - coumarin acetate, Triacontanol, terpenoids, stigmasterol, β - sitosterol, rapeseed oil sterol, etc.

The flower contains many indole derivatives, such as Gramineae and its NB oxide, Gramineae methyl hydroxide, N, n-methyltryptamine methyl hydroxide, 3,3 "- bis (indole methyl) dimethylammonium hydroxide, elaeagnine, etc.

[pharmacological action] the defatted ethanol extract of rhizome has antihypertensive and antispasmodic effects, and can antagonize the spasm caused by histamine, 5-hydroxytryptamine and acetylcholine; Bufo tenidine proposed in rhizome has anti acetylcholine effect, which is stronger in skeletal muscle than in smooth muscle, excites uterus and releases histamine. The rhizome can be used for edema

(1) pharmacological effect of Gramineae on cardiovascular system

When injected intravenously into anesthetized cats, the blood pressure response is not constant; 1-20 mg / kg can increase the blood pressure, while a large dose (30-40 mg / kg) can first decrease and then increase the blood pressure; it can also slightly reduce the pressor response of adrenaline, but it does not cause reversal, and 90 mg / kg in dogs has the same effect on the suprarenal glandular hormone. It has slight contractile effect on the peripheral blood vessels of frogs, but has inhibitory effect on the heart of frogs. It has inhibitory effect on mammalian heart and can dilate celiac blood vessels (skin and muscle blood vessels are contractile). High dose can cause blood pressure drop, so it is considered that it has weak cholinergic effect.

② Effects on smooth muscle

It has contractile effect on isolated rabbit, guinea pig and rat uterus, and it can also contract in situ cat uterus. It has slight antagonism to the contractile effect of adrenaline. It has contractile effect on isolated small intestine of rabbit and guinea pig. It has also been reported that after a short period of contractile action, it will be inhibited.

③ The effect on 5-hydroxytryptamine

Gramineae has anti serotonin effect. Intravenous injection of 1 mg / kg in anesthetized cats inhibited the effect of 5-HT on superior cervical ganglion (but not on trigonelline). It can also antagonize the toxicity of serotonin in mice. In guinea pigs, the contractions induced by histamine were also blocked by either gramineor yohimbine. In addition, it has been reported that grass alkaloid can increase the level of 5-HT in the brain of normal or used mice and antagonize the 5-HT depletion effect of reserpine.

④ Other functions

It has weak cholinergic or anti adrenergic effects (reducing the effect of epinephrine on blood pressure and smooth muscle). It did not affect the blood glucose level of rabbits. It has no effect on cholinesterase. It can excite the central nervous system of mammals, deepen and speed up breathing, and even produce paroxysmal spasm. A large amount of it can cause paralysis. The median lethal dose of intravenous injection is 45 mg / kg in mice and 63 mg / kg in rats.

Bitter, cold.

① "Cao Mu Bian Fang": "bitter, cool. "

② Lingnan caiyao Lu: "Gan, Dan. "

③ Sichuan Traditional Chinese medicine annals: "it is cold in nature, bitter in taste and non-toxic. "

Functions and indications: clearing heat and promoting diuresis. It can cure fever, fever, bone steam, gonorrhea, dysuria, wind fire and toothache.

① "Cao Mu Bian Fang": "it is used to treat wind fire, insect tooth pain, fatigue, bone steaming, hot tide, dizziness and red eyes. "

② Classification of herbal medicine: "it can cure toothache and fire drenching; it can cause fever and nausea. "

③ Lingnan medicine collection record: "clearing lung heat, eating pestilence, horse meat poisoning, taking root and pounding, decocting in natural juice.". "

④ "Anneal and heat clearing" in Sichuan Traditional Chinese medicine annals. Treat cold, dampness and heat. "

[usage and dosage] oral administration: decoction, 0.5-1 Liang; or boiling cream.

[taboo] Sichuan Traditional Chinese medicine annals: "it should be used with caution if the body is deficient without heat. "

Chinese PinYin : Lu Zhu Gen