Hulin City, Jixi City, Heilongjiang Province

Hulin Hulin City is located at the southern foot of Wanda mountain in the east of Heilongjiang Province. It is separated from the Russian Federation by the Wusuli River. Hulin, a place of Sushen in ancient times, is the birthplace of Hezhe people. In May 1946, the people's Government of the county was established, and in October 1996, the county was removed to establish a city. It covers an area of 9334 square kilometers, one thousandth of the national area. The total population is 317000, 200000 in urban areas and 110000 in towns. Hulin City is a new port city with a vast land and few people. It is mainly composed of agriculture, green food industry, border trade, tourism, medicine and other industries. Hulin City governs 7 towns and 4 townships: Hulin Town, Dongfanghong Town, Yingchun Town, Hutou Town, Yanggang Town, Dongcheng Town, Baodong Town, Xinle Town, Weiguang Town, Zhenbaodao town and Abei town. There are: Dongfanghong Forestry Bureau, Yingchun Forestry Bureau, 8500 farm, 854 farm, 856 farm, etc.

Historical evolution

The origin of the name

Hulin county is named after Hulin River, which runs through the middle of the county. Qihulin is the transferred sound of "xihulin" in Manchu, which means "shaou". In the Qing Dynasty, it was under the jurisdiction of ningguta vice capital. In 1902 (the 28th year of the reign of Emperor Guangxu of the Qing Dynasty), a Branch Bureau of land reclamation was set up in namokou (today's Hutou Town, opposite to the namokou estuary in Russia, that is, the Iman estuary). It means "goat" in Manchu.

Evolution of organizational system

On August 24, 1909 (July 9, the first year of Xuantong in the Qing Dynasty), the governor of Jilin Province set up the office of namokou in the place of Mishan Prefecture. On April 18 of the next year (March 9 of the second year of Xuantong of the Qing Dynasty), the governor of Jilin Province said, "namokou was originally named because of the namokou river flowing in Russia and converged there. If we still use the old appellation, we are afraid that the boundary will not be clear for a long time. It was originally located in the south of the Qihulin river. It is proposed to be designated as the Hulin hall, which is in line with the name and reality, and has a long history. " In May of the same year (April of the lunar calendar), it was approved to change the office of namo into the office of Hulin, subordinate to the Northeast Road of Jilin Province. After the founding of the Republic of China, in March 1913, it was changed into Hulin County, which is still in namokou (called Hulin county). In June 1914, it belonged to Ilan road.

In February 1929, Dao District was abolished and Jilin Province was directly under the central government. At that time, it was a third class county with 25900 people. After the fall of Northeast China, it was under the jurisdiction of Jilin Province and Binjiang Province in December 1934. In July 1937, it was transferred to the newly established Mudanjiang province. On August 5, 1938, the puppet Hulin County Office moved to Anle town (formerly known as dongjieji, also known as Heizuizi), and changed Anle town to "Hulin" (now Hulin town), and the former county office to "Hutou". In June 1939, it was under the jurisdiction of the newly established Dong'an province. In October 1943, it was subordinate to the general province of East Manchuria, and in May 1945, it was changed to be subordinate to the province of East Manchuria.

After the victory of the Anti Japanese war in 1945, Hulin county was under the jurisdiction of Hejiang province. In June 1946, it was put under the jurisdiction of the newly established Dong'an special region. In October 1947, it was transferred to Mudanjiang province. In July 1948, it was returned to Hejiang province. In May 1949, it was transferred to Songjiang province. In August 1954, the two provinces were merged and Heilongjiang Province was directly under the central government. On February 27, 1956, six districts, 40 administrative villages and 68 natural villages were divided into one town and 13 townships. In March 1956, it was under the jurisdiction of the newly established Mudanjiang special region. On August 17, 1956, eight farm townships including Yunshan, Xingnong, Qianjin, Hongqi, Yingchun, Tuanjie, Dongfanghong and Anxing were established. On January 7, 1960, the State Council decided to merge Hulin and Raohe counties into hurao county. The people's Committee of the county is located in Hulin town and is subordinate to Mudanjiang district. In November 1962, it was transferred to Hejiang district. On June 5, 1964, the State Council decided to abolish hurao county and restore Hulin county and Raohe county. On October 10, the two counties were officially separated. Hulin county is located in Hulin Town, still under the jurisdiction of Hejiang district.

In April 1970, it was under the jurisdiction of Mudanjiang area. At the end of 1982, when the census of geographical names was completed, there were 3 towns, 14 communes and 108 production teams. In September 1983, Mudanjiang district was abolished and led by Mudanjiang city. The administrative divisions in 1985 were: 5 towns, 12 townships, 4 streets and 134 villages. In 1992, Hulin county was located in the southeast of Heilongjiang Province, on the West Bank of the upper Wusuli River. The county borders Raohe County in the north, Mishan City in the south, Baoqing County in the west, Wusuli River and songacha River in the East, and Russia. The border line is 318 kilometers long and is one of the border counties in Heilongjiang Province. The total area of the county is 9330 square kilometers. The county has jurisdiction over 17 townships and towns.

On October 11, 1996, Hulin City governs 5 towns and 9 townships: Hulin Town, Dongfanghong Town, Yingchun Town, Hutou Town, Yanggang Town, Taihe Town, Yihe Town, Dongfeng Town, Zhongcheng Town, xiaomuhe Town, Abei Town, Weiguang Town, Xinle town and Baodong town.

In 2008, Hulin City governed 7 towns and 5 townships: Hulin Town, Dongfanghong Town, Yingchun Town, Hutou Town, Yanggang Town, Dongcheng Town, Baodong Town, Xinle Town, Weiguang Town, Zhenbaodao Town, Abei town and xiaomuhe town. There are: Dongfanghong Forestry Bureau, Yingchun Forestry Bureau, 8500 farm, 854 farm, 856 farm, 858 farm, Qingfeng farm and Yunshan farm.

administrative division

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geographical environment

geographical position

Hulin City is located in the east of Heilongjiang Province, at the south foot of Wanda mountain and on the left bank of Wusuli River. The total area of Hulin City is 9330 square kilometers, and its geographical coordinates are between 45 ° 23 ′ n to 46 ° 36 ′ N and 132 ° 11 ′ e to 133 ° 56 ′ E. In the northwest of Hulin, Baoqing county is bounded by laolongbei and jiangjunling of Wandashan branch; in the northeast, Raohe county is bounded by qiliqin River; in the west, Mishan city is bounded by Bailong ridge; in the East, Wusuli River and songacha River are bounded by the Russian Federation. The Hulin section has a 256 km border.

Climatic characteristics

Hulin City is located in the east of Heilongjiang Province, the south foot of Wanda mountain and the West Bank of Wusuli River, with a total area of 9330 square kilometers. Its geographical coordinates are between 45 ° 23 ′ n to 46 ° 36 ′ N and 132 ° 11 ′ e to 133 ° 56 ′ e, belonging to the continental monsoon climate of cold temperate zone, with long winter, cold and little snow; short summer, warm and rainy; windy spring, easy to dry; rainy autumn, rapid cooling, easy to dry Autumn waterlogging and early frost. The annual average temperature is 3.8 ℃, the coldest in January, the monthly average temperature is - 17.9 ℃, the annual extreme minimum temperature is - 34.7 ℃ (January 27, 1990); the hottest in July, the monthly average temperature is 21.5 ℃, the extreme maximum temperature is 38.2 ℃ (June 25, 2010), the annual average evaporation (small) is 1042.8mm, the annual average precipitation is 585.5mm (the most precipitation year is 1981, the annual precipitation is 84.5mm) 1 mm, the minimum precipitation year is 1986, the precipitation is 358.5 mm). Precipitation mainly concentrated in June, July and August, accounting for 54.2% of the annual precipitation. The annual sunshine is 2343.1 hours, the accumulated temperature (active accumulated temperature) is 2654.7 ℃ and the frost free period is 141 days. The annual average relative humidity is 70%. The annual average wind speed is 2.7 m / s, and the maximum wind speed over the years is 23.0 M / s. The annual dominant wind direction is NNW. Affected by the continental monsoon, it is mainly 3-5 westerly in spring and autumn. Snowmelt occurs in late February, and the freezing period is about 180 days. The maximum frozen soil depth over the years is 175 cm (1986), and the average annual thunderstorm days is 20 days.

topographic features

Hulin City is located in Xingkai Lake Plain, which is a part of Sanjiang Plain. The terrain is high in the northwest and low in the southeast, with an average altitude of 60-80 meters. Due to the influence of neotectonic movement and inland deposition, the terrain changes are more complex and the landforms are diverse, forming five types of landforms: low mountains and hills, valley plain, piedmont overtopping, plain and low plain along the river. Among them, the low mountains and hills are mainly distributed in the northwest Wanda Mountains and the residual hills in the middle Taiping mountains; the valley plain is mainly distributed in the narrow zone between the two mountains; the overtopping in front of the mountain is an extension of the low mountains and hills, which is distributed in the transition zone between the low mountains and the plain; the plain is mainly distributed on both sides of the Qihulin River and the Muling River; the low plain along the river is mainly distributed in the Wusuli River and the songacha river And the lower reaches of Muling River, Qihulin River and abuqin river.

rivers

Wusuli River is located in the east of Heilongjiang Province, the northeast border of China. It is formed by the confluence of songacha River originated in China and Iman River originated in Russia in Hutou town. Hutou is the starting point of Wusuli River. Wusuli River is 905km long and flows through Hulin for 202km. It flows northward from Hutou to Fuyuan Island, where it joins Heilongjiang, and goes straight to the Pacific Ocean, with a drainage area of 187000km2.

natural resources

Water resources

It is rich in water resources. There are 28 rivers including Wusuli River, Muling River, Qihulin River and abuqin River, with surface water runoff of 1.063 billion cubic meters. Hulin City has 467 large and small ponds, marshes and 6 reservoirs. The total reserves of groundwater are 4.47 billion cubic meters, and the allowable exploitation is 1.16 billion cubic meters.

Forest resources

The forest vegetation is mainly distributed in Wanda mountain area in the north and residual hills in the middle, with the forest coverage rate of 24.6%. The meadow vegetation is mainly distributed in the gentle slope of the narrow and long Piedmont edge, and the main vegetation is Cinnamomum camphora. Along the Bank of Wusuli River and the downstream of Muling River, Qihulin River and abuqin River, the floodplain, oxbow lake, linear depression and broad low plain are mostly swamps

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