Guzhang County, Xiangxi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, Hunan Province

Guzhang County Guzhang County, belonging to Xiangxi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, is located in the west of Hunan Province and the middle of Xiangxi Autonomous Prefecture. Guyang town is the seat of the county, with Baojing in the west, Yuanling in the East, Jishou and Luxi in the south, and Yongshun in the north. With a total area of 1286 square kilometers, it governs 7 townships and 5 towns, with a total population of 144100 (2016), of which 76.9% are ethnic minorities. The ecological environment of Guzhang county is excellent, and the afforestation rate is as high as 80.46%.

Guzhang county is the hometown of song Zuying and he Jiguang. Its Tujia Maogusi dance, waving dance and Miao drum dance are unique. There are world geological sites Guzhang gold nail, National Geopark Hongshilin, National Nature Reserve Gaowangjie, National Forest Park zuolongxia, provincial scenic spots, and Qifeng lake, the largest inner lake in Northwest Hunan. Guzhang County has won the honor of "national tea industry technology system construction demonstration county" and "national key tea producing county".

By the end of 2018, the total number of households in the county was 47664, the total population was 143757, the permanent resident population was 134400, and the GDP of the county was 2574.73 million yuan.

In July 2019, it won the title of "China's natural oxygen bar" establishment area in 2019. On February 29, 2020, the people's Government of Hunan Province agreed to withdraw Guzhang County from poverty-stricken county. On January 29, 2021, it was selected into the list of areas with remarkable achievements in real work in 2020 announced by Hunan Provincial People's government.

Evolution of organizational system

During the Warring States period, guzhangping was set up to govern the city.

Qin, set County, Guzhang belongs to Qianzhong county.

In the Han Dynasty, it belonged to Youyang County, Wuling county.

During the Three Kingdoms period, it belonged to Youyang County, Jingzhou County, Soochow.

Liang Sui period, changed to Yuanling County Daxiang county.

By the Tang Dynasty, it belonged to Xizhou (Laosicheng) in the middle of Guizhou Province.

In the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms, it belonged to Chuxi state and Xiaxi state.

In the Song Dynasty, it belonged to Luxi County of Chenzhou.

In the Yuan Dynasty, it belonged to Baojing Prefecture.

Ming Dynasty, is Yongshun Xuanwei envoy.

In the fifth year of Yongzheng reign of the Qing Dynasty, Yongshun Tongzhi was set up to govern this area.

In the seventh year of Yongzheng reign, Yongshun Prefecture set up a governor and arrest officer in guzhangping, who supervised Yongshun's eighteen guarantees of arrest affairs, known as "Yongshun's two prefectures".

In the second year of Daoguang reign of the Qing Dynasty, guzhangping hall was established and changed to Fumin Tongzhi hall. Because it was an important place in the Miao area, it was once called "four halls in the Miao area" together with Fenghuang, Qianzhou and yongsui.

In the first year of the Republic of China, the Department was changed to a county, named Guzhang County, and the county magistrate's office was set up, belonging to Chenyuan road.

In August 1952, Xiangxi Miao Autonomous Region was established, and Guzhang County was under its jurisdiction.

In September 1957, the Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture of Western Hunan was established, under the jurisdiction of Guzhang County.

In 1996, Guzhang County covers an area of 1297 square kilometers and has a population of 130000, with Miao and Tujia people accounting for 74%. It has jurisdiction over 4 towns and 11 townships: Guyang Town, Luoyixi Town, merong Town, Hexi Town, Chengguan Township, caotan Township, Pingba Township, yezhu Township, Hepeng Township, Shuangxi Township, Gaofeng Township, Qietong Township, duanlongshan Township, yantouzhai Township and shanzao township. The county government is located in Guyang town.

In 2004, the county governs 4 towns and 11 townships: Guyang Town, merong Town, Luoyixi Town, Hexi Town, duanlongshan Township, Qietong Township, Gaofeng Township, yantouzhai Township, yezhu Township, Hepeng Township, Pingba Township, shanzao Township, Shuangxi Township, Chengguan Township and caotan township.

In 2005, Guzhang County adjusted the township administrative division: five townships and two towns were merged to set up one township and two towns, and one township was set up, reducing three townships in total. The specific adjustments are as follows: the merger of Chengguan Township and Guyang town to establish Guyang Town, with the town government in guzhangping; the merger of yantouzhai Township, caotan Township and yezhu township to establish yantouzhai Township, with the township government in yezhuping; the merger of Qietong Township and Hexi Town to establish Hongshilin Town, with the town government in baihewan; the establishment of Gaowangjie Township, with the township government in Gaowangjie. After the adjustment, Guzhang County has jurisdiction over 4 towns and 8 townships.

administrative division

Division evolution

In September 1958, Guzhang county realized the people's Communization of the integration of government and society. A total of 12 communes including Dongfang (now Luoyixi town), Julong (now Chengguan Township and Shuangxi township), Xinglong (now duanlong township), Xinghuo (now Qietong township), Gaofeng (now Gaofeng Township and Gaowangjie forest farm), Qinglong (now Yantou Village), yezhu, shanzao, Yingxiong (now caotan Township), Hepeng, merong and Chaomei (now Pingba township) have been built, with 163 teams and 899 students Production team.

On December 21, 1976, according to the needs of the construction of the baixiguan hydropower station and with the support of the people of Baojing County, the prefecture government incorporated the area of about 20 square kilometers of Baijia, Baixi, meita and Shangjia production teams on the right bank of the baixiguan River in Guzhang County into duanlong commune.

At the end of 1983, Guzhang County had 1 town (Guyang town), 12 communes (duanlong, Qietong, Dongfang, Gaofeng, yantouzhai, yezhu, shanzao, Hepeng, Pingba, longbi, Shuangxi (guanba), Chengguan and two commune level forest farms (Gaowangjie, caotan).

In 1984, with the reform of the rural system, the government and the society were set up separately. The society was called the township, the brigade was called the village, the production team was called the group, and the caotan forest farm was renamed the township. Three new towns, Murong, Luoyixi and Hexi, were established. There are 11 townships, 4 towns and 1 township level forest farm in the county.

Zoning details

In 2012, Guzhang County governed 140 villages in 7 townships and 5 towns.

In 2015, according to the township division adjustment plan of Guzhang County, Guzhang County reduced five Township organizational systems, and now governs seven towns, namely Guyang, Gaofeng, yantouzhai, Pingba, duanlongshan, Hongshilin and merong, with a total area of 1286.47 square kilometers and a total population of 144800. The name of Guyang town of the county people's government remains unchanged.

geographical environment

Location context

Guzhang county is located in the west of Hunan Province and the middle of Xiangxi Autonomous Prefecture. It spans 109 ° 4 ′ 44 "- 110 ° 16 ′ 13" E and 28 ° 24 ′ 05 "- 28 ° 45 ′ 57" n. It is 51.36 km wide from east to west and 40.52 km long from north to south, with a total area of 1297 square kilometers. In the middle of Wuling mountains, Baojing is in the west, Yuanling in the East, Luxi and Jishou in the south, and Yongshun in the north.

Geology and geomorphology

The geological structure of Guzhang county belongs to the middle part of the third uplift belt of Neocathaysian system in eastern China, and Guzhang Fenghuang Neocathaysian sub belt. The tectonic strike is mainly NNE. After the Yanshan movement, it was eroded into a peneplain. Due to the influence of the Himalayan movement and the fourth pan neotectonics, the original place of zhunping was uplifted and the fold faults were well developed.

landforms

The mountains in Guzhang County overlap and extend from west to south, East and North. The highest altitude is 1146 meters, and the lowest altitude is 147 meters. From Niujiao mountain to Gaowangjie, the main mountain range extends from west to South and northeast. The mountain is high and steep, with deep ditches and narrow valleys, forming a saw shaped ridge. It is slightly gentle to the southeast and northwest, with streams and valleys scattered among them.

climate

Guzhang County has a humid monsoon climate in the Middle Subtropical Mountainous Area, with four distinct seasons, mild climate, obvious rainy season and long crop growth period. The annual average temperature is 16 ℃. The average number of high temperature days at 35 ℃ is about 15 days per year. The number of severe winter days with temperature lower than - 5 ℃ is 0.7 days per year. The annual average daily temperature of 10 ℃ has 240.8 days of crop growth period, and the accumulated temperature is 4997 ℃. The annual precipitation is 1475.9mm, and the rainfall is relatively uniform, which is beneficial to the growth of crops. The monthly average relative humidity is 81%, and the annual average sunshine is 1304 hours.

natural resources

land resource

Guzhang County has 115000 mu of cultivated land, including 85000 mu of paddy field and 30000 mu of dry land, known as "nine mountains, half water and half farmland".

Forest resources

Guzhang county is rich in forest resources, has always been known as the "hometown of forestry". The climate, sunshine and soil conditions of Guzhang County are very suitable for the cultivation and growth of various subtropical trees. Guzhang County has a forest area of 1.53 million mu, with 3.5 million cubic meters of standing trees. The forest coverage rate has exceeded 70%, and there are 918 species of trees and shrubs in 318 genera of 95 families. Among them, Ginkgo biloba, Taxus chinensis, Taxus chinensis var. mairei, calyx wood and so on belong to the first level of national protection, and Taxus chinensis and so on belong to the second level of national protection.

mineral resources

Guzhang county is rich in mineral resources. There are 34 kinds of mineral resources in Guzhang County, such as manganese, vanadium, phosphorus, marble and so on. Among them, manganese, vanadium and phosphorus are of great mining value. The proven vanadium reserves in yantouzhai and Hepeng mining areas alone reach more than 3 million tons, with a potential value of more than 300 billion yuan. Marble reserves reach 3 billion cubic meters.

Water resources

There are 63 rivers in Guzhang County, which are rich in water. The annual average water volume is about 200 million cubic meters, with a reserve of more than 90000 kilowatts and a development capacity of about 13000 kilowatts. More than 10 hydropower stations have been built.

Population nationality

According to the fifth census in 2000, there are 119202 permanent residents in Guzhang County, including 18061 in Guyang Town, 12627 in merong Town, 10714 in Luoyixi Town, 3972 in Hexi Town, 11367 in duanlong Township, 7669 in Qietong Township, 8189 in Gaofeng Township, 3629 in yantouzhai Township, 5946 in yezhu Township, 5276 in Hefeng Township, 9578 in Pingba Township, 5527 in shanzao Township, 6435 in Shuangxi Township and 4346 in Chengguan Township There are 2752 people in Caotang Township and 3114 people in Gaowangjie forest farm.

In 2004, the total population of the county was 137637; the minority population was 117066, accounting for 85.1% of the total population, including 54169 Tujia and 62683 Miao.

At the end of 2014, the total population of the county was 144810, an increase of 0.19% over the previous year, including 27012 non-agricultural population and 1177 agricultural population

Chinese PinYin : Hu Nan Sheng Xiang Xi Tu Jia Zu Miao Zu Zi Zhi Zhou Gu Zhang Xian