Ruoqiang County, Bayingolin Mongolian Autonomous Prefecture, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region

Ruoqiang County, Ruoqiang County, a county under the jurisdiction of Bayinguoleng Mongolian Autonomous Prefecture of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, is located in the southeast of Bazhou and the southeast edge of Taklimakan Desert. It is adjacent to Qiemo County in the west, Yuli County, Shanshan county and Hami City in the north, Gansu Province and Qinghai Province in the East, and Tibet Autonomous Region in the south, covering an area of 202300 square kilometers. It is the largest county in China (equivalent to two Zhejiang provinces). The county has two management committees, four towns, four townships and one regiment. With a total population of 52000 (in 2013), there are 15 ethnic groups including Mongolian, Han, Uygur, Hui and Dongxiang, of which 40% are ethnic minorities. The county people's government is located in Ruoqiang Town, 894km away from Urumqi's highway mileage and 444km away from Korla, the state capital.

Ruoqiang is the second strategic passage from the mainland to Central Asia and Xinjiang to the mainland, and it was also the necessary route of the ancient "Silk Road". In Ruoqiang County, mountains and basins alternate with each other, and the terrain is diverse. The Tarim Basin and the northern part of the eastern Tianshan Mountains are in the north, and the Kunlun Altun Mountains are in the southeast and south. Kunlun Mountains are part of the Qinghai Tibet Plateau.

Ruoqiang red dates and Ruoqiang grey dates are famous all over the country. In 2013, Ruoqiang county achieved a GDP of 6261.47 million yuan, an increase of 7.02%.

Historical evolution

The origin of place names

Ruoqiang, the Western Han Dynasty for the western region, Ruoqiang, Loulan (Shanshan) country.

The meaning of "Ruoqiang", according to the famous Chinese archaeologist Huang Wenbi's "archaeological records of luobunor", is that "Luoqiang" is the name of a tribe, "Qiang" is the name of a clan, "Luoqiang" is a place name formed by the name of a tribe of the ancient Qiang people.

Guangxu 29 years (1903), changed to set up Luoqiang county (Xinping County). Since then, the name of the county has been used. After the simplification of Chinese characters in 1958, in 1959, with the approval of the State Council, "Luo Qiang" was changed to "Ruoqiang".

History of construction

Ruoqiang County used to be a channel of multi-cultural exchange, mutual transformation and communication, and once was one of the most open regions. Ruoqiang county has three state-level cultural relics protection units: Loulan ancient city, Milan ancient city and Haitou ancient city.

Ruoqiang, formerly known as "Ruoqiang", is the name of a country. It was first seen in the Western Han Dynasty (36 BC), and is a small country of 36 countries.

In 176 B.C., it was the "Loulan" state. In the third year of Yuanfeng (108 A.D.), he was subject to the Han Dynasty and neighboring Xiongnu. In the fourth year of Yuanfeng (77bc), the name of Shanshan was changed and the capital of jiannicheng (now Ruoqiang town) was moved. Jianwu 12 years (AD 36 years), attached to the Xiongnu.

From the 16th year of Yongping (AD 73) to the first year of Yanping (AD 106), Shanshan was a Han vassal. In the first year of Yongchu (107 AD), Shanshan was re ruled by Xiongnu.

From the third year of Yanguang (124 A.D.) to the fifth year of Long'an (401 A.D.), Shanshan officials belong to the Han and Jin Dynasties.

Yongxing two years (AD 403), subject to Jin.

In the sixth year of Taiping Zhenjun (445 A.D.), Shanshan state was destroyed, so it became the county of Wei.

From 452 A.D. to 608 A.D., Shanshan was occupied by Tuyuhun. In the fifth year of Daye (609 AD), Shanshan county was set up. In the same year, Shanshan town was set up. At the end of Sui Dynasty, Shanshan was re ruled by Tuguhun.

In the second year of Shangyuan (675 AD), Shanshan city was renamed shitouzhen (also known as dianhecheng), which was under the jurisdiction of Shazhou. From the first year of Tangzhen to the end of Tang Dynasty (785-906 AD), shitoucheng was under the rule of Tubo.

From the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms to the Northern Song Dynasty, Shitou town belonged to Xizhou Uighur in the early stage and to Khotan in the later stage.

In the first year of Shaoxing in the Southern Song Dynasty (1131 AD), Shitou town was ruled by the Western Liao Dynasty. Song Jiading four years (1211), for the rule of Qu Chu law king. In 1218, it was ruled by Chagatai Khanate. In the 11th year of song Chunyou (1251), it was under the jurisdiction of bieshibalixing province.

In 1276, Shitou town was renamed Luobu town.

In 1388, Luobu town was ruled by the Chagatai regime of Bishi Bali.

In 1678, it was replaced by the Qing Dynasty. In the 25th year of Guangxu (1899), the county governor of kaklik was set up under the jurisdiction of Xinping County. Because, Ruoqiang region, Uighur language called "kaklik", the original word of "kaklik" is "kakkuduk", which means four wells. Guangxu 29th year (1903), the county was upgraded to Luoqiang, under the jurisdiction of Yanqi Prefecture.

In 1913, Luoqiang county was directly under the jurisdiction of Aksu. In the ninth year of the Republic of China (1920), it was transferred from Aksu to Yanqi.

In 1949, it was under the jurisdiction of Korla administrative department. In 1958, it belongs to Bayinguoleng Mongolian Autonomous Prefecture. In 1959, "Luoqiang" was changed to "Ruoqiang", which still belongs to Bayinguoleng Mongolian Autonomous Prefecture.

administrative division

In November 2012, washixia township of Ruoqiang county was removed from township to town, and the area under Ruoqiang county's jurisdiction changed from five townships and three towns to four townships and four towns.

There are 4 townships, 4 towns, 25 administrative villages and 8 communities in the county.

Ruoqiang town (located in Tuanjie Road community, which governs 4 communities) governs Tuanjie Road community, community neighborhood committee, Wenhua Road community and Xincheng community.

Itonbrak town (located in itonbrak community, with jurisdiction over 2 communities) governs itonbrak community and Arkin community.

Lop Nur town (located in Lop Nur village, governs one community and four village committees) governs Loulan village committee, Hongshijing village committee, bayiquan village committee, Luozhong village committee and Luoke community.

Tieganlik township (located in kuergan village, with 1 community and 6 Village Committees) governs kuergan village, golewustang village, yakewustang village, toglakelek village, Yingsu animal husbandry village, tieganlik village and gulibag community.

Wutamu township (located in youleguan Airike village, with jurisdiction over five village committees) has jurisdiction over youleguan Airike village, guole Airike village, yigezi wusitang village, xitadirang village and animal husbandry village.

Washixia town (located in bashiyike village, with jurisdiction over five village committees) governs wudulewusitang village, Xinjian village, wutamu village, Muye village and tashisayi village.

Tiemulike township (located in tiemulike village, under the jurisdiction of three village committees) governs tiemulike village, Lapeiquan village and BAIGANHU village.

Qimantage township (located in Qimantage village, with jurisdiction over two village committees) governs Qimantage village and kalajoka village.

Ruoqiang Town: the residence of the county people's government. Ruoqiang town is named after Ruoqiang county.

Yitunbulake Town: named after the local spring.

Lop Nur Town: the largest town in China, named after the location of Lop Nur.

Tieganlik township: Uighur, which means thorn grass, gets its name from the brambles.

Wutamu township: Uighur language, which means there. It means the Ruoqiang River, which is adjacent to the county.

Washixia township: Uyghur, which means a large and noisy city with many people.

Tiemulik township: Uighur, meaning the land of blacksmiths. It is named after its residence in tiemulik.

Qimantage township: the largest township in China, Uighur, which means huacaoshan, gets its name from the south foot of Qimantage mountain.

geographical environment

geographical position

Ruoqiang county is located in 36 ° 05 ′～ 41 ° 23 ′ N and 86 ° 45 ′～ 93 ° 45 ′ e, with Gansu and Qinghai provinces in the East, Tibet Autonomous Region in the south, Qiemo County in the west, Yuli County, Turpan and Hami in the north, and belongs to Bayingolin Mongolian Autonomous Prefecture. The county is 570 kilometers wide from east to west, 580 kilometers long from north to south, and covers an area of 202300 square kilometers. The county people's government is located in Ruoqiang Town, 908km away from Urumqi city and 444km away from Korla City. It is an important gateway for the mainland to enter Xinjiang.

topographic features

Ruoqiang county is high in the South and low in the north, with an altitude of 768-6900 meters. The southern part is mountainous area, which belongs to the northeast of Qiangtang Gaoyu, with an altitude of 1500-4500 meters. The state has designated the Altun Mountain Nature Reserve, which is the main animal husbandry base in the county; the central alluvial fan oasis plain with an altitude of 880-1500 meters is the agricultural planting area and the main residential area; the Northern Plain Desert Area with an altitude of 763-1000 meters is composed of four parts: Takla in the West In the east of the Magan desert, the Kumtag Desert is in the southeast, part of the Kuruktag mountain and the Gobi sandy beach of the alluvial fan in the South Piedmont are in the northeast, and the Lop Nur dry lake bed and lakeside salt film land are in the middle.

The highest point in Ruoqiang county is MUZTAG peak in East Kunlun Mountain, with an altitude of 6973 meters, and the lowest point is Lop Nur depression, with an altitude of 780 meters.

hydrology

The main rivers in Ruoqiang county are: Ruoqiang River, washixia River, tashisayi River, Milan River, tatlekbulak River, Cherchen River, Tarim River and Kongque River; yusupalake River, atiatkan River, yixiekpati River, seskaya River, aqikkule River and kashakulek River, all of which belong to inland rivers. The annual total runoff is 1.176 billion cubic meters.

climate

Ruoqiang county is a typical continental temperate arid and semi-arid climate zone with cold winter, hot summer, little rain, strong wind and dust, and wide daily temperature difference. Ruoqiang County annual average temperature is 11.8 ℃, extreme maximum temperature is 43.6 ℃, January average temperature is - 9.4 ℃, July average temperature is 27.4 ℃, extreme minimum temperature is - 27.2 ℃; annual average relative humidity is 39 ℃, frost free period is 189-193 days; annual average precipitation is 28.5 mm, annual extreme maximum precipitation is 118.0 mm; annual minimum precipitation is 3.3 mm, annual average evaporation is 2920.2 mm, maximum evaporation is 3368 1 mm; the maximum wind direction is NE and E (northeast wind and east wind), the annual average wind speed is 2.7 m / s, and the extreme maximum wind speed is ≥ 4

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