Xunhua Salar Autonomous County, Haidong City, Qinghai Province

Xunhua Salar Autonomous County Xunhua Salar Autonomous County is located in the eastern part of Qinghai Province, in the eastern part of Laji mountain, bordering Jishishan County of Gansu Province and Linxia County of Gansu Province in the East, Xiahe County of Gansu Province and Tongren County of Qinghai Province in the south, Jianzha County in the west, Hualong Hui Autonomous County and Minhe Hui Tu Autonomous County of Qinghai Province in the north, with a total area of 2100 square kilometers. By 2011, there were 154 administrative villages in 3 towns and 6 townships, with a total population of 126900.

Xunhua Salar Autonomous County is located in the edge of the Qinghai Tibet Plateau, high in the South and low in the north, surrounded by mountains and alternate valleys. The annual average temperature is 8.7 ℃. There is no severe heat in summer and no severe cold in winter. With an average altitude of 2200 meters, it is one of the low altitude areas in Qinghai Province. The average elevation of the valley is 1850 meters. The Yellow River flows through 79 kilometers of it, and the Gongboxia and Jishixia power stations are located in the east of the two Gorges in the county. Mengda Tianchi, a National Nature Reserve, is one of the best tourist areas in the province, with its natural geography, rich cultural landscape and unique ethnic customs.

On September 29, 2018, the people's Government of Qinghai Province approved the withdrawal of Xunhua Salar Autonomous County from poverty-stricken counties.

Evolution of organizational system

In 1762, Xunhua hall was set up. In 1792, Xunhua hall was bounded by laoyaguan 120 Li River in the southeast, Nianbo County in Hebei and Hezhou in Henan in the East, xiazegaizhai and duoertizhai in the south, taozhouting 350 Li (today's Lintan County in Gansu), helsai 320 Li Mongolian (today's Henan Mongolian Autonomous County in Huangnan Prefecture of Qinghai) in the southwest, and Qingshuihe 190 Li Xining Prefecture in the West Guide hall is the boundary; northwest to zhangjiaofang (now Yimamu) ferry 15 Li, across Hexi Ningfu Bayan Rongge hall. In Hebei Province, there are three Tibetan Villages: amacha and zhuangtang. The hall is 300 Li from east to west and 350 Li from north to south. There are 94 clans, villages, workers and villages in Xunhua hall. According to the records of Xunhua annals, in 1792, Xunhua hall was located 120 Li from laoyaguan in the southeast, 60 Li from jishiguan in the East, 200 Li from Nianbo County in Hebei and 320 Li from heerzhai in the southwest In the west, it is 190 Li from Qingshui River to guide Hall of Xining Prefecture; in the northwest, it is 15 Li from the mouth of zhangjiaofang (now Yimamu village, Jishi town), passing the boundary of Bayan Rongge Hall of Xining Prefecture; in the north, it is less than 190 Li from the yellow River, passing the boundary of Bayan Rongge Hall of xiaojishi mountain; in Hebei, it belongs to Jiaru, amacha and Zhuantang Tibetan villages. The hall is 300 Li from east to west and 350 Li from north to south. " During the period of the Republic of China, its jurisdiction was narrowed down: in 1926, Labrang was set up in the Southern District of Labrang and heicuo (now Gansu cooperation). In the 19th year of the Republic of China (1930), Minhe county was established on April 1 by the six communities of Maying, namely honghuatou community, No.2 community, No.3 community, No.4 community and lingzangtou community in the north area of the plan; and Tongren County was established in Baoan and Longwu in the west area of the plan on August 8. In December 1932, the county was divided into nine ethnic groups, yadang and chuansa. In July 1941, the territory of hanjiashan belonged to Yongjing County, Gansu Province. In August 1949, after liberation, the area of manisigou in Linxia, Gansu Province, which was set as the first district of Xunhua in 1943, was classified as Linxia county. in 2009, the four boundaries of the county are: from the northeast to rituowa and Ma'anshan and Minhe Hui Autonomous County of Qinghai Province; from the east to Mengda Nature Reserve Guanmen forestry inspection station, Heidashan and Wutai Mountains and Jishishan Baoan, Dongxiang and Salar Autonomous County of Gansu Province; from the southeast to wolonggou datan (known as tangqiewu in Tibetan), Xiuri mountain top to Linxia and Xiahe counties of Gansu Province; from the south to the east to Wutai Mountain The confluence of jiamulanggangma River and zhangerri River (that is, the junction of Xiahe, Xunhua and Tongren counties) is bounded by Xiahe County in Gansu Province and Tongren County in Qinghai Province; Longwu River in the west is bounded by Tongren County and Jianzha County in Qinghai Province; xiaojishishan in the north of the Yellow River is bounded by Hualong Hui Autonomous County in Qinghai Province. twelve ethnic groups in the mouth, eight ethnic groups in Dongxiang (now Gannan in Gansu), two ethnic groups in BEIXIANG (now Maying town in Minhe Hui and Tu Autonomous County). The eight workers of Salah people outside the mouth: the four workers in Xixiang, namely Jiezi, Chajia, Suzhi and chahandusi; the four workers in Dongxiang, namely Qingshui, Mengda, zhangga and Xichang. Xifan 49 Village: Qitai 5 village, biandugou 7 village, xialongbu 6 Village (in the present Daowei, Wendu and galeng 3 Tibetan villages), shanglongbu 18 village, Heer 5 village, abalaba Village (all in Tongren and Zeku counties of Huangnan prefecture). Nanfan 21 Village (now in Nanzhou, Gansu Province). Baoan four villages: Wutun, Jitun, Litun and tuotun (now baoanbao area in Tongren County). In 1875, Zuo Zongtang, governor of Shaanxi and Gansu provinces, was far away from the town of Xunhua hall and had mixed places of Hui people. He put the eight villages of maiwu, heicuo, shangzegai, xiazegai and zanyou in Nanfan 21 village of Xunhua into Taozhou Hall (now Lintan County, Gannan Prefecture, Gansu Province). In the second year of the Republic of China (913), when the Department was transformed into a county, it was divided into five districts, with 37 districts under its jurisdiction: Cheng, Gong, Zhuang, Zu, Gou and Bao. in 1927, the Labu decoration Administration Bureau was formally established in Gansu Province, which put all the Nanpan 21 villages under the jurisdiction of the Administration Bureau. The next year, the county was changed to Xiahe County because it was in the upper reaches of the Daxia river. In August 1929, Tongren County was established, with Longwu town as the county site. In Tongren County, Baoan, Longwu, shanglongbu eighteen villages, Heer five villages and Abala eight villages are under the jurisdiction of Tongren County. In 1930, Minhe county was set up. Shangchuankou was the county government. Minhe originally belonged to Ledu and Xunhua County. Taking the meaning of "political communication and human harmony", Minhe county was divided into six communities of Maying in the North District, namely, Honghua, lingzang of two nationalities in BEIXIANG in the Qing Dynasty; about 10000 people from honghuatou, ershe, sanshe, sishe, lingcangtou and ershe were under the jurisdiction of Minhe county. In 1938, Baojia system was carried out. The county was divided into 1 town, 18 townships, 65 Baojia and 660jia. In 1943, the first district of Xunhua was set up in manisigou, Linxia County, Gansu Province, which governs the areas of monigou, manisigou and pengzang, namely, Sanbao of Xinyi Township, 8bao of Yongshou Township, 2bao of Hanji Township and 13bao of three townships. It was returned to Linxia County after August 1949. On the eve of the founding of new China, Xunhua set up one town, six townships and 29 bao346 a. After October 1949, the administrative ownership of the autonomous county changed several times. From the beginning of liberation to 1958, it was directly under the provincial government. From 1959 to 1961, it was under the administration of Huangnan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture. From 1962 to 1979, it was still directly under the provincial government. Since 1986, it has been under the jurisdiction of Haidong administrative office. In October 1949, people's political power at all levels was established. Two district offices were set up in the East and west of the county to serve as agencies of the county people's government. The system and appellation of one town and six townships before the founding of the people's Republic of China will be used for the time being. The administrative division has also undergone several changes, generally referring to the old customs, according to the ethnic distribution, the distribution of natural villages and regional characteristics. In 1956, it was merged into one town and 10 townships, namely Jishi Town People's Committee, Daowei Tibetan Township People's Committee, Baizhuang Township People's Committee, Qingshui Township People's Committee, etc. In September 1958, the whole county realized the "people's communization", and the whole county merged into four people's communes with the integration of government and society, except for the state-owned red flag ranch. In 1961, there were 11 people's communes in the county. In 1966, it was merged into nine communes. In 1968, revolutionary committees were set up in each commune. In 1981, the Revolutionary Committee was abolished and the people's commune management committee was restored. In that year, Qingshui commune was divided into Qingshui commune and Mengda commune, with 10 communes in the county. in 1984, the government and society were separated, and the Management Committee of the people's commune was changed to the township and Town People's government, the production brigade to the administrative village, and the production brigade to the agricultural and animal husbandry production cooperatives. There are 1 town and 9 townships, namely Jishi Town, Baizhuang Town, Qingshui Town, Mengda Town, Jiezi town and chakhandus town. Daowei, Wendu, guleng and Gangcha were redefined as Tibetan townships (among which Gangcha township is Gangcha Tibetan animal husbandry township). By the end of 2001, Xunhua Salar Autonomous County had jurisdiction over one town and nine townships (including four ethnic townships): Jishi Town, Daowei Tibetan Township, Baizhuang Township, Qingshui Township, Mengda Township, Jiezi Township, chahandus Township, Wendu Tibetan Township, galeng Tibetan Township and Gangcha Tibetan Township, with one neighborhood committee and 154 administrative villages. In August 2006, Mengda township was abolished and merged into Qingshui township. After the adjustment, the county governs 1 town and 8 townships (including 4 ethnic townships): Jishi Town, Daowei Tibetan Township, Baizhuang Township, Qingshui Township, Jiezi Township, chahandus Township, Wendu Tibetan Township, galeng Tibetan Township and Gangcha Tibetan township. In June 2007, Jiezi Township and Baizhuang Township were abolished and Jiezi town and Baizhuang town were established. By the end of 2009, the county had jurisdiction over 3 towns, 6 townships (including 4 ethnic townships), 154 administrative villages and 674 production cooperatives. By the end of 2009, there were 154 villages and 674 production cooperatives in 3 towns and 6 townships (including 4 ethnic townships).

administrative division

geographical environment

Location context

Xunhua Salar Autonomous County is located in the eastern part of Qinghai Province, the eastern part of Laji mountain, which is the branch of Qilian Mountain. It is located at 102 ° e-102 ° 49 ′ and north latitude

Chinese PinYin : Qing Hai Sheng Hai Dong Shi Xun Hua Sa La Zu Zi Zhi Xian