Kunshan City, Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province

Kunshan, a county-level city under the jurisdiction of Jiangsu Province, is managed by Suzhou. It has been more than 2200 years since the county was established in the Qin Dynasty. Kunshan is the birthplace of Kunqu Opera. In September 2010, Kunshan, Vienna, Singapore and other five cities won the UN Habitat Award of the year. In January 2016, Kunshan was awarded the first batch of "national ecological garden city" by the Ministry of housing and urban rural development.

In 2019, Kunshan was successively rated as one of the top 100 counties and cities in China's comprehensive strength in 2019, one of the top 100 counties and cities in China's green development in 2019, and one of the top 100 counties and cities in China's new urbanization quality in 2019. The second batch of national agricultural product quality and safety counties. Top 100 business environment counties in China in 2019. China's comprehensive economic competitiveness ranks first in 2019. In 2019, China's top 100 manufacturing counties (cities) ranked first. In 2020, the Academy of Social Sciences released the "national top 100 comprehensive competitiveness of county economy" ranking first.

In 2019, Kunshan's annual GDP will reach 404.506 billion yuan, an increase of 6.1% over the previous year at comparable prices.

Historical evolution

Kunshan was inhabited in the Neolithic age.

In the spring and Autumn period and Warring States period, it belonged to the state of Wu, then to the state of Yue, and then to the state of Chu. Shoumeng, king of Wu, once hunted deer here, so it is also called Lucheng.

In Kunshan area, after several generations of separation and combination, the change is great. Before Tang Dynasty, the county was wide, and now Jiading County and parts of Taicang, Baoshan, Qingpu, Shanghai, Songjiang and other counties. From the Tang Dynasty to the end of the 1950s, the county has evolved into today's scope after many times. Therefore, Lou, Xinyi and Xinyang counties are all located in the territory.

In the Neolithic period, there were human activities in Kunshan.

In the Xia and Shang Dynasties, it was located in Yangzhou.

Zhou Dynasty was named louyi (see the records of Kunshan County in Qing Dynasty), belonging to the state of Wu.

At the end of the spring and Autumn period, Bacheng was under the jurisdiction of the state of Wu, located in the east of Gusu, the capital.

In 473 BC, in the 23rd year of fuchai, king of Wu in the Warring States period, Yue destroyed Wu and belonged to Yue. King Wei of Chu (339 BC - 329 BC) destroyed Yue, which belonged to the state of Chu.

In the 26th year of the first emperor of Qin (221 BC), Qin unified China and implemented the system of prefectures and counties. In the 24th year of the first emperor of Qin (223bc), Qin established the county of Kuaiji in the hometown of Wu and Yue after the destruction of Chu. Wu county (today's Suzhou City) is the county government. In the third year of the second Qin Dynasty (207 BC), He county was changed to Lou county.

In the sixth year of Gaozu in the Western Han Dynasty (201 BC), Lou County belonged to the state of Jing. Gaozu 11 years (196 BC), except Jing, Lou county is a county of Kuaiji. In 195 B.C., Liu Zhen was established as king of Wu. He ruled the old land of Jing state, and Lou County belonged to Wu state. In the fourth year of the reign of emperor Jing (153 BC), the state of Wu was abolished and Liu Fei was appointed king of Jiangdu to govern the old land of Wu. Lou County belonged to Jiangdu state (see Han Shu, Shi Ji and Jin Shu). In the second year of Yuanshou (121 BC), the Jiangdu state was abolished, and Lou County belonged to Kuaiji county.

During the founding of the people's Republic of China (9-13 years), Lou county was renamed louzhi, belonging to Kuaiji county.

In the 11th year of Jianwu (35th year) of the Eastern Han Dynasty, it was renamed Lou county and still belonged to Kuaiji county. Yongjian four years (129), branch Ji county set up Wu County, Lou county belongs to Wu County.

In the Three Kingdoms, Jin, Southern Dynasties, song and Qi dynasties, Lou county belongs to Wu County. In the sixth year of Nanliang Tianjian (507), Xinyi county was set up in Wu County, Xinyi County in Lou County, and the rest of Lou county still belonged to Wu County. In 536, Lou county was renamed Kunshan County, which belongs to Xinyi county. The scope of Kunshan county is roughly the same as that of Qinwan county.

After Emperor Wen of the Sui Dynasty unified China, in 589, Xinyi County, Xinyi county and Kunshan county were abolished, and the two counties were returned to Suzhou. Kaihuang eighteen years (598), the restoration of Kunshan County, Suzhou. In the first year of Daye (605), Suzhou was changed into Wuzhou; in the third year of Daye (607), Wuzhou was changed into Wujun, and Kunshan was a county.

In the fourth year of Wude (621), Wujun was changed to Suzhou; in the first year of Tianbao (742), Suzhou was changed to Wujun; in the first year of Qianyuan (758), Wujun was changed to Suzhou, and Kunshan was a county. Tianbao decade (751) divided into South Kunshan County, East Jiaxing County, northeast Haiyan County, Huating county (after Songjiang, Shanghai).

In 907, qianliu was granted the title of king of Wuyue. Kunshan belonged to Suzhou. In the second year of Tongguang in the later Tang Dynasty (924), Wu Yue set up the central Wu army to govern Suzhou, and Kunshan belonged to Suzhou.

In 978, Suzhou was replaced by Pingjiang army, and Kunshan belonged to Pingjiang army. In the third year of Zhenghe (1113), Pingjiang army was promoted to Pingjiang Prefecture, and Kunshan belonged to Pingjiang Prefecture.

In December of the 10th year of Jiading in the Southern Song Dynasty (January 1218), five townships, Chunshen Township, Linjiang Township, Anting Township, Pingle Township, and Xitang Township, in the east of Kunshan County, Pingjiang Prefecture, located in Jiading County (named after the year name).

In 1276, it was Pingjiang road in shengpingjiang mansion and Pingjiang road in Kunshan. In the first year of Yuanzhen (1295), due to the increase of household registration, Kunshan county was upgraded to Kunshan Prefecture, which still belongs to Pingjiang Road, a provincial province of Jiangsu and Zhejiang. In 1356, Zhang Shicheng took Pingjiang road and renamed it Longping mansion. Kunshan county belongs to Longping mansion. The next year, Zhang Shicheng descended to Yuan Dynasty, Longping mansion was restored to Pingjiang Road, and Kunshan Prefecture belonged to Pingjiang road. In 1367, Pingjiang road was changed into Suzhou mansion, and Kunshan Prefecture belonged to Suzhou mansion.

In the second year of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty (1369), Kunshan Prefecture was demoted as a county, still belonging to Suzhou Prefecture. In 1497, Taicang Prefecture was built in Xinan, Huian and Huchuan townships of Kunshan. The remaining Kunshan county is still under the jurisdiction of Suzhou government (its scope is basically consistent with today's Kunshan City).

In 1725, Xinyang County was set up in the northwest of Kunshan County, and the two counties were divided into the same city. In April 1860, Li Xiucheng, the loyal king of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, took Kunshan and Xinyang counties from the south of the Yangtze River. In order to avoid the taboo of Feng Yunshan, the southern king of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, Kunshan was renamed Kunshan. Both counties belong to Sufu province of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom. In April of 1864, the Taiping army retreated and renamed Kunshan. It belonged to Suzhou Prefecture with Xinyang County.

In the first year of the Republic of China (1912), Kunshan county and Xinyang County merged, still known as Kunshan County, belonging to Shanghai Road, Jiangsu Province. In June 1914, five roads were set up in the province, and Kunshan was a Su Chang Road. In 1927, the road was abandoned, directly under Jiangsu Province. In 1933, the province set up 13 administrative supervision districts. Kunshan is the office of the third district administrative supervision commissioner. In December of the same year, nine administrative supervision districts were set up in the province. Kunshan is under the supervision office of Wuxi district. In September of the 24th year of the Republic of China, the province set up 10 administrative supervision districts. Kunshan belongs to the office of the second district administrative supervision commissioner. On November 15, 1936, the Japanese occupied Kunshan. In May 1937, it was directly under the Japanese puppet government of Jiangsu Province. In March 1939, Wang puppet national government was established in Nanjing, Kunshan directly under the puppet Jiangsu provincial government. In August 1944, the Anti Japanese war was won and the puppet government collapsed. In September, Kunshan belonged to Jiangnan administrative office of Jiangsu Province. In October, the provincial government withdrew Jiangnan administrative office and established the Second District Office of the Commissioner of administrative supervision, with Kunshan as a county. In April of 1947, Kunshan was transformed into nine administrative supervision districts.

Kunshan was liberated on May 13, 1949. It belongs to the special office of the Commissioner of the South Jiangsu Suzhou administrative region of the East China military and political Commission. On October 14, 1950, the office of the Commissioner of the Suzhou administrative region of Southern Jiangsu was renamed the office of the Commissioner of the Suzhou people's Administrative Region of Southern Jiangsu. On January 1, 1953, the people's Government of Jiangsu Province was established. Kunshan is under the office of Suzhou Commissioner of Jiangsu Province. On March 26, 1968, the office of Suzhou High Commissioner was renamed the Revolutionary Committee of Suzhou special region. On April 13, 1971, it was renamed the Revolutionary Committee of Suzhou region. In July 1978, it was renamed the administrative office of Suzhou region. On January 18, 1983, with the approval of the State Council, Jiangsu province implemented a new system of city governing county. On March 1, Suzhou District administrative office was withdrawn, and Kunshan county belongs to Suzhou city. In 1989, the State Council approved the removal of Kunshan county and the establishment of Kunshan City. In 2011, Kunshan City was included in the pilot project of county (city) directly under the jurisdiction of Jiangsu Province. The provincial Party committee, provincial government and relevant units directly under the provincial government directly manage most of the economic and social affairs of Kunshan.

administrative division

By the end of 2016, Kunshan had 10 towns under its jurisdiction: Yushan Town, Bacheng Town, Huaqiao Town, Zhoushi Town, Qiandeng Town, Lujia Town, Zhangpu Town, Zhouzhuang Town, Jinxi town and Dianshanhu town. The municipal government is located at 108 Qianjin Middle Road, Yushan Town.

natural environment

Location context

The geographical coordinates of Kunshan are between 120 ° 48 ′ 21 ″ ~ 121 ° 09 ′ 04 ″ E and 31 ° 06 ′ 34 ″ ~ 31 ° 32 ′ 36 ″ n, and it is located in the southeast of Jiangsu Province and between Shanghai and Suzhou. It is connected with Changshu and Taicang in the north-east, Jiading and Qingpu districts in Shanghai in the south-east, Wujiang District, Xiangcheng District, Suzhou Industrial Park in the West and Jiaxing City in Zhejiang Province in the southwest. The largest straight-line distance between East and West is 33 km, and that between North and south is 48 km, with a total area of 927.7 square kilometers, of which water area accounts for 23.1%.

topographic features

Kunshan is located in Taihu Plain of Yangtze River Delta, with dense river network and flat terrain. It is slightly inclined from southwest to northeast with small natural slope. Most of the ground elevation is between 2.8 m and 3.7 m (datum: Wusong zero), and some of the highlands are 5 m to 6 m, with an average of 3.4 M. The north is low-lying polder area, the middle is semi high field area, and the south is lakeside high field area.

hydrology

Wusong River and loujiang river cross the East and West in Kunshan. Lakes

Chinese PinYin : Jiang Su Sheng Su Zhou Shi Kun Shan Shi