Wuqi County, Yan'an City, Shaanxi Province

Wuqi County, belonging to Yan'an City, Shaanxi Province, is located in the northwest of Yan'an City, adjacent to Dingbian County in the northwest, Zhidan County in the southeast, Jingbian County in the northeast, and Huachi County in Gansu Province in the southwest. The landform belongs to the hilly and gully area of the Loess Plateau with an altitude of 1233-1809 meters. There are Wuding River Basin and Beiluo River Basin in the territory, and the main structure of the terrain can be summarized as "eight rivers and two streams and two mountainous areas". Since 1998, the policy of returning farmland to forest has been implemented, and the forest grass coverage rate has reached 49.6%.

As of March 2019, Wuqi County has 8 towns, 1 sub district office, 91 administrative villages and 8 urban communities, with a total area of 3791.5 square kilometers and a permanent resident population of 152100 (2017), including 106000 agricultural population. Petroleum industry is an important pillar of Wuqi County's economic development. In 2016, the annual GDP of Wuqi County was 10.865 billion yuan. Wuqi County has Mao Zedong's former residence, revolutionary martyrs memorial plate, and the site of the battle of cutting tail, which is the base of revolutionary tradition education. It has successively won the titles of "top 100 counties for scientific development of small and medium-sized cities in China", "top 100 counties for small and medium-sized cities with the most regional driving force in China", "top 100 counties for well-off growth in an all-round way in China", "top 100 counties with the most investment potential in Western China" and "strong counties for economic development in Western China".

On October 19, 1935, the central red army arrived in Wuqi after a long march of 25000 Li. During the Anti Japanese War and the liberation war, Wuqi became the revolutionary rear of the Shaanxi Gansu Ningxia border region and Longdong region. From 1998 to 1999, Wuqi was the first county in China to implement the policy of closing hillsides and forbidding grazing and returning farmland to forest. In 2010, Wu Qi became famous for taking the lead in implementing 15 years of free education nationwide.

In October 2018, it was selected as one of the top 100 counties and cities with investment potential in 2018. In 2018, the national health county (township) was reconfirmed. In March 2019, it was listed as the first batch of revolutionary cultural relics protection and utilization area sub County list. Top 100 counties and cities in Western China in 2019.

Historical evolution

Xia (2205-1766 BC) is said to be the territory of Yongzhou. Shang (1766-1122 BC) was a nomadic area of Guifang of Qiang nationality.

In the Western Zhou Dynasty (1122-771 BC), it was the place of Yuyu (also known as gourong).

In the 17th year of King Xiang of the Zhou Dynasty in the spring and Autumn period (635 BC), "Duke Wen of the Jin Dynasty lived between Hexi (Yellow River) and Gaoluo (Luohe). They are called Chizhai and Baizhai.

The Warring States period (475-221 BC) first belonged to Wei Dynasty and then to Qin Dynasty.

Qin Dynasty (221-206 BC), in the 33rd year of the first emperor of Qin Dynasty (214 BC), sent Mengtian to recover Henan Province (Hetao area, Inner Mongolia) and build the Great Wall. It was divided into 36 counties in China, Wuling county (now near Qingyang, Gansu) in Beidi County, Wuqi County, and Yangzhou County in Shangjun county.

In the Western Han Dynasty (206-25 BC), in the second year of Gaozu (205), guide County, Beidi County, was established. The county was located in tiebian Town, northwest of Wuqi County.

In the first year of Jianwu in the Eastern Han Dynasty, guide county was abolished and merged into shenluan county.

The Three Kingdoms and Jin (220-316) were nomadic areas of the Xiongnu and Qiang people.

In the 16th period of the Eastern Jin Dynasty (317-420), the rise and fall of various regimes were in turn. Wuqi belongs to the former Zhao (West of Wuqi), the latter Zhao (east of Wuqi), the former Qin and the latter Qin. In the first year of Fengxiang (413) in the Xia Dynasty, He Lian flourished. When he sent 100000 people to build the capital named Tongwan (today's baichengzi in Jingbian), Wuqi was under the jurisdiction of the Xia state. In the summer of Helian, there were no prefectures and counties, which were beyond the city. "It is said that there are three sisters in tiebian City, tianbaihu city and Pipa city. They are brothers and sisters, each guarding one city.". (Annals of Dingbian county).

In the southern and Northern Dynasties, guide county was restored to Hengzhou in 535.

In the first year of Daye (605) of Sui Dynasty, Luoshui county was changed to Luoyuan County, which belongs to Honghua county. In 617, Daye was defeated by liangshidu, the anti Sui force, and was under its separatist rule for 11 years.

In 628, Luoyuan county was restored. It was moved from Jincheng county to Yongzhou. Eight years, North Yongzhou waste, to Luoyuan county is Qingzhou.

Five Dynasties (907-960), along the Tang old county. In the early years of the Northern Song Dynasty, the Tuoba clan of Dangxiang occupied the north of Yan'an and became a separatist force with xiazhou as the center. Luoyuan county was abandoned as Hongzhou in Xixia. In the fourth year of Shaosheng (1097), zhe Zong broke through Hongzhou and Yanzhou, and in the second year of Yuanfu (1099), he built Dingbian city in Luoyuan county (meaning to stabilize the frontier), which was later changed into Dingbian army. In the sixth year of Zhenghe (1116), Dingbian county was set up and subordinate to Dingbian army. It has jurisdiction over Baibao city (now south of Wuqi County), Donggu Village (now Huachi County of Gansu Province), Shentang Fort (now Dingbian county), Suiyuan village, Guanhua fort, Tonghua fort and Jizui (all in the northwest of Wuqi County).

In the sixth year of the reign of emperor jinhuangtong (1146), the Dingbian army and other border areas were granted to Xia state, and the Dingbian army was withdrawn.

In 1475, ningsaibao was founded in Huangjian Village (formerly known as Castanopsis city) of northeast Great Wall Township in Wuqi, and baduhebao was founded in xutaizi Village (old city) of zhouwan Town, belonging to jingbianwei. In the sixth year of Wanli (1578), duhebao was merged into ningsaibao, which governs the areas north of ningsaichuan, east of Luohe and zhukechuan.

In 1819, Wuqi town was first established in Jingbian County. It is said that Wu Qi, a famous general of the Warring States period, was stationed here to defend the border, and named Wu Qi for commemoration. It belongs to Jingbian County, Shaanxi Province.

In 1934, Liu Zhidan led the Red Army in Northern Shaanxi to turn this area into the Soviet area. On October 19, 1935, Comrade Mao Zedong led the Central Red Army into Wuqi Town, the gate of the Soviet Area, and joined the Red Army in Northern Shaanxi to end the world-famous 25000 mile long march. Mao Zedong deployed and directed the battle in Wuqi Town, annihilated a cavalry regiment, defeated three cavalry regiments, and made the reactionaries party to the Central Committee The Red Army's "encirclement and suppression" went bankrupt, thus consolidating the revolutionary base in Northern Shaanxi. At present, there are some revolutionary memorial sites, such as the former meeting site and the memorial tower of revolutionary martyrs.

Wuqi County was established in 1942 because of the name of the town. Wuqi County will soon be changed. It belongs to the trilateral division of Shaanxi Gansu Ningxia border region.

Wuqi County was abolished in 1949 and restored in 1950. It belongs to the office of administrative inspector of Yan'an District of Shaanxi Province. May 1955, also known as the Yan'an Office of Shaanxi Province. The merger of Wuqi County and Zhidan County was abolished in 1958, and the Wuqi County system was restored in 1961.

In 1968, it belonged to Yan'an area. In November 1996, the State Council approved the abolition of Yan'an Prefecture and the establishment of Yan'an City, which belongs to Wuqi County.

On October 19, 2005, it was officially renamed Wuqi County, which still belongs to Yan'an City.

administrative division

In 2011, wangwazi township was abolished and merged into tiebian Town, Xuecha Township and Xinzhai Township were abolished and merged into Wuqi town. Wuqi County governs 6 towns and 3 townships: Wuqi Town, tiebian Town, zhouwan Town, Baibao Town, gongguanmiao Town, Changcheng Town, wucangbao Town, Miaogou town and Wugu town.

geographical environment

Location context

Wuqi county is located in the northwest of Yan'an City, Shaanxi Province, adjacent to Dingbian County in the northwest, Zhidan County in the southeast, Jingbian County in the northeast, and Huachi County in Gansu Province in the southwest. It is located between 107 ° 38 ′ 57 ″ e to 108 ° 32 ′ 49 ″ and 36 ° 33 ′ 33 ″ n to 37 ° 24 ′ 27 ″. It is 93.4 kilometers long from north to South and 79.89 kilometers wide from east to west, with a total area of 3791.5 square kilometers.

landforms

The landform of Wuqi county belongs to the hilly and gully area of the Loess Plateau, with an altitude of 1233-1809 meters. There are Wuding River Basin and Beiluo River Basin in the territory. The main structure of the terrain can be summarized as "eight rivers and two streams mountain area", namely, Toudaochuan, erdaochuan, Sandaochuan, luanshitoichuan, ningsaichuan, jiaozhachuan, gekechuan, yangqingchuan; zhouwan stream, Changcheng stream; Baiyu mountain area and Ziwuling mountain area.

climate

Wuqi is a semi-arid temperate continental monsoon climate. It is dry and windy in spring, alternating with drought and flood in summer, cool and humid in autumn, cold and dry in winter, with an annual average temperature of 7.8 ℃, extreme maximum temperature of 37.1 ℃ and extreme minimum temperature of - 25.1 ℃. The average annual rainfall is 483.4 mm. The annual average frost free period is 146 days.

natural resources

Wuqi county is rich in resources, with 150 million tons of proven oil and natural gas reserves.

The land is vast, with a per capita land area of 48 mu in 2001, which has great potential for the development of forestry and animal husbandry; there are 900000 mu of artificial grassland, 1.91 million mu of forest land, and 1.25 million mu of seabuckthorn forest, which is a national Seabuckthorn base construction demonstration county.

population

In 2012, the total population of Wuqi County was 134000, including 105000 agricultural population. The population density is 33 people per square kilometer.

Economics

In 2008, the gross output value of Wuqi County was 8.08 billion yuan, an increase of 22.3%; the investment in fixed assets was 5.32 billion yuan, an increase of 15.5%; the total fiscal revenue was 2.68 billion yuan, of which the local fiscal revenue was 1.48 billion yuan, an increase of 17.3% and 8.5% respectively; the per capita net income of farmers was 3658 yuan; the disposable income of urban residents was 13006 yuan, an increase of 37.6% and 25.3% respectively; the total retail sales of social consumer goods was 260 million yuan, an increase of 25.3% 20.6%。

In 2011, the GDP of Wuqi County was 17.16 billion yuan, an increase of 14.5%; the total fiscal revenue was 3.64 billion yuan, of which the local fiscal revenue was 2.07 billion yuan, an increase of 13.1% and 16.8% respectively; the per capita net income of farmers was 6878 yuan, the disposable income of urban residents was 22781 yuan, an increase of 25.1% and 17.9% respectively; the total retail sales of social consumer goods was 456 million yuan, an increase of 17.4%.

In 2012, Wuqi County completed the whole year

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