Zuogong County, Changdu City, Tibet Autonomous Region

Zuogong County Zuogong county is a county under the jurisdiction of Changdu city in Tibet Autonomous Region, located in the southeast of Tibet Autonomous Region and the southeast of Changdu city. It is located at 97 ° 06 ′ - 98 ° 36 ′ E and 28 ° 30 ′ - 30 ° 28 ′ n. It borders Mangkang County in the East, Chayu County of Linzhi city in the south, Basu County in the West and Chaya County across the river in the north. It belongs to the temperate semi-arid climate of Southeast Tibet Plateau. The maximum distance between East and west of the county is 408 km, and the maximum distance between North and south is 220 km. With a total area of 11700 square kilometers, it has jurisdiction over 3 towns, 7 townships, 127 administrative villages and 1 neighborhood committee, with a total population of 45852 (2014). The county people's government is located in Wangda Town, 1067km away from Lhasa. Zuogong Tibetan means "farming cattle back".

On December 9, 2019, the people's Government of Tibet Autonomous Region approved Zuogong county to withdraw from poverty-stricken counties (districts).

Historical evolution

Before liberation

"Zuogong" in Tibetan means "farming cattle back". in about 500 BC, Xiangxiong xinwoqi established this religion, which was introduced into the thirty-nine ethnic areas and the southeast of Changdu in the border areas of Sichuan, Yunnan and Tibet (thirteen tribes). By about the 6th century, the whole territory of Zuogong was a part of the Eastern women's kingdom in the area of Changdu. Its king lived in kangyanchuan, with a population of more than 40000 households, more than 10000 soldiers and more than 80 cities, including the southeast area of Changdu. the Tang Dynasty was a territory of Tubo. In the seventh year of Zhenguan (633), Songzanganbu set up the Ministry of Supi and established the Tubo regime, and the Tubo power expanded to the southeast of Tibet (upper, middle and lower chawagang). In the 20th year of Zhenguan (804), chidesongzan sent people to carve statues and Tibetan Chinese on the cliff of rendadanma mountain in Xiangdui, Chaya. Buddhist culture influenced chawagang (Zuogong). during the Yuan Dynasty, it was under the management of the Marshal's office of the governor of Tibet and other routes. In the middle of the 13th century, the imperial court set up the "Marshal's office of Tubo and other road missions", referred to as "duogansi mission", which was specifically responsible for the military and political affairs of today's Changdu region and Ganzi Prefecture in Sichuan Province, and chawagang was under the jurisdiction of "duogansi mission". In the 27th year of the Zhiyuan Dynasty (1290, the fifth year of the iron tiger in the Tibetan calendar), Kublai Khan sent pusiban to lead the Mongolian and Tibetan troops to pacify the civil strife. After that, Sangang Quzong was established. Zuogong county was a part of Sangang Quzong, and Sangang Quzong (now Chayu County) was under the jurisdiction of Changdu district. it became the jurisdiction of Changdu temple in the middle of Ming Dynasty. In the fourth year of Hongwu of Ming Dynasty (1371, the sixth year of the iron pig in the Tibetan calendar), the imperial court set up the "duoganwei commanding Department", which is responsible for the military and political affairs of the present Tibet Changdu area and Sichuan Ganzi area. Zuogong is under the jurisdiction of the "duoganwei commanding Department". In the 59th year of Kangxi (1720, the 12th year of raoxiangyang iron rat in the Tibetan calendar), there was civil strife in tubert. Sangangqu sect divided Bangda into shangchawaganglong (now belonging to Basu county), Zuogong into zhongchawaganglong, and nanzhimenkong into xiachawaganglong (now belonging to Chayu county). In that year, Emperor Kangxi ordered Nian gengyao, governor of Sichuan Province, Yue Zhongqi, Governor General of Sichuan Province, Ma Shiyan, governor of Chengdu, and Huang shancai, a guerrilla in Sichuan Province, to conduct a new survey of the various departments of Sangang Quzong and put them under the jurisdiction of "Hutuktu" in Changdu. In the third year of Yongzheng reign of the Qing Dynasty (1725, the twelfth year of raoyingmu snake in the Tibetan calendar), the imperial court granted zuoergang (Zuogong) and other places to the Dalai Lama as a possession. It is under the jurisdiction of Mangkang Taiji. In the fourth year of Yongzheng reign (1726, the twelfth year of fire in the Tibetan calendar), Yue Zhongqi recovered the southern parts of Kamu (Zhamu). Due to the inconvenient management of the Sichuan border, he invited the emperor to award the fifth Dalai Lama as a place of incense. At the same time, he set up the main and auxiliary camps and the management of Zuogong Xiao, lengka Xiao, Changyi Xiao and menkong Xiao District. On February 8, the sixth year of Qianlong (1741, the 12th year of Tieji in Xieyang of Tibetan calendar), the imperial court ordered the prefecture king boluoding to strictly control chawagang (today's Zuogong) and other tribes, so as to make them safe. In July of the 32nd year of Guangxu (1906, the 15th year of huoma in the Tibetan calendar), the imperial court appointed Zhao Erfeng as the Minister of Sichuan Yunnan border affairs and implemented the policy of "changing the land to flow". In April of the first year of Xuantong (1909, the 15th year of raojiang Tuji in the Tibetan calendar), the Zuoying management of the Western army of Zhao Erfeng led Gu Fuqing's department to capture khamuyabule, a Russian spy who was engaged in reconnaissance and surveying activities, and Zhang fansun, his entourage, in chawagang (today's Zuogong). It was a part of Kemai County in the late Qing Dynasty. In the first month of the third year of Xuantong (1911, the 15th year of the iron pig in the Tibetan calendar), sangangquzong was divided into Kemai county (today's Zuogong county), "zahu" was changed into Chayu County, and the local government set up Wulu Baozheng (head a) to assist the county officials in handling all local affairs. On October 21 of the third year of Xuantong (1911), Xia Zhengxing led the outpost to mengkong (Chayu county), and stayed at Zayi (Zayu). The new military control LED Cheng Fengxiang to lead the central, left and right outposts to tunduo Temple (tiantuo Temple). in 1912, the local government of Tibet set up three sects, namely Bangda, Zuogong and Bitu, which are collectively called Zuogong. in the second year of the Republic of China (1913, the 15th year of the ox in the Tibetan calendar), qiangbadanda, the 13th Dalai Lama, was called doumaijiqiao, and Zuogong was under the jurisdiction of doumaijiqiao. On January 1, 1939, Xikang provincial government was established, with Kangding as its capital and Changdu Prefecture as its jurisdiction.

After liberation

After the founding of new China, on October 7, 1950, the 126th regiment and the first division of the 125th regiment of the 14th army of Yunnan set out from Deqin to march around Meili Snow Mountain to Bitu and liberate Zayi (Zayu) Zuogong. In December 1950, the Liberation Committee was established in Bitu. In July 1951, the people's Liberation Committee of Changdu District sent a working team to Zuogong and set up the Party branch of Zuogong sect. At the same time, Zuogong military representative office was established. In December 1956, according to the instructions of the Tibet Working Committee of the Communist Party of China, the Zuogong Zong Party committee was established. On April 30, 1959, the people's Committee of Zuogong county was established, which changed Zuogong clan into Zuogong county. On May 17, 1959, the people's Government of Zuogong county was established, which is subordinate to Changdu district and is located in Yazhong village. in 1967, the resident moved to Wanda. On January 11, 1988, the Zuogong county Party committee and the people's Government of the Communist Party of China removed and merged 33 townships from the original 16 districts into 16 townships in one district. In 1997, it covers an area of 11706.98 square kilometers and has jurisdiction over 16 townships (Wuya Township, Wutong Township, Lawu Township, Juema Township, Gumi Township, Bitu Township, Jialang Township, Dongba Township, zhonglinka Township, xialinka Township, RAOJIN Township, Shayi Township, Renguo Township, jiaka Township, tiantuo Township and Meiyu township). The county government is located in Wuya township. In 2000, Zuogong county had jurisdiction over 2 towns and 13 townships. in November 2014, Changdu was set up as a city, and Zuogong county was under the jurisdiction of Changdu city. note: panoramic view of Zuogong County in the atlas of Zuogong County

administrative division

Zuogong County governs 3 towns and 7 townships: Wangda Town, tiantuo Town, zhayu Town, Dongba Township, zhonglinka Township, Meiyu Township, xialinka Township, Bitu Township, Renguo Township and RAOJIN township. There are 127 administrative villages, 1 neighborhood committee and 342 natural villages. The county people's government is located in Wangda town.

geographical environment

Zuogong county is located in the southeast of Tibet Autonomous Region and the southeast of Changdu city. It is adjacent to Chaya in the north, Mangkang in the East, Deqin in Yunnan in the south, and Chayu and Basu in the West. The maximum distance between East and West is 408 km, and the maximum distance between North and south is 220 km, covering a total area of 11700 square kilometers. The geographical coordinates are 97 ° 06 ′ - 98 ° 36 ′ E and 28 ° 30 ′ - 30 ° 28 ′ n.

topographic features

Zuogong county is located in the mountain gorge zone of Southeast Tibet, with high terrain in the north and low terrain in the south. The main mountains in Zuogong county are Dongda mountain, Duola mountain, chawazhu mountain, chawaduojizhiga mountain, and Meili Snow Mountain at the border of Yunnan. The highest peak is quela mountain, with an altitude of 5434 meters; the lowest is 2650 meters; the average altitude of the whole county is 3750 meters; the altitude of the county seat is 3780 meters. The Nujiang River, Lancang River and Yuqu river run down from north to south in the shape of "Chuan", forming three different Valley landforms. beautiful snow mountain scenery in Zuogong County

climate

Zuogong county belongs to the temperate semi-arid climate of Southeast Tibet Plateau. The annual temperature difference is small and the heat utilization rate is high. The distribution of precipitation is uneven. The precipitation is concentrated in summer, and the climate is dry and cold in winter and spring. The annual average temperature is 4.6 ℃, the maximum temperature is 27.9 ℃, and the minimum temperature is - 23.0 ℃. The average temperature in January is - 6.7 ℃, the average temperature in July is 13.2 ℃, the duration of daily average temperature above 5 ℃ is 176 days, and the duration of daily average temperature above 0 ℃ is 220 days. The annual temperature difference is 19.2 ℃, and the annual average daily temperature difference is 14.5 ℃. The frost free period is about 90 days. The annual average precipitation is 445.9mm, the annual maximum precipitation is 683.2mm, and the annual minimum precipitation is 302.2mm. The annual sunshine hours are 2186 hours, and the annual total solar radiation is 588 kJ / cm.

hydrology

There are 81 rivers in Zuogong County, with a total length of 1463 km and an annual runoff of 3.28 billion cubic meters. The main rivers in Zuogong county are Yuqu River, Lancang River, Nujiang River, liequ River and Weiqu river. There is also the cuogong Lake in Wutong township (it is said to be the Ling Lake in pabala), covering an area of about 3000 square meters; and the cuomuda Lake in tiantuo Township, covering an area of 2500 square meters. Zuogong county is located in the "two rivers and one river" basin, with Nujiang River flowing 175 km, Lancang River 120 km and Yuqu River 240 km. There are 7 lakes in the county

Chinese PinYin : Xi Cang Zi Zhi Qu Chang Dou Shi Zuo Gong Xian