Jingshan City, Jingmen City, Hubei Province

Jingshan Jingshan, a county-level city directly under the central government of Hubei Province and administered by Jingmen City, is an observer of Wuhan city circle. It is known as the "emerald in central Hubei Province". It is located in the middle of Hubei Province, the south foot of Dahong mountain and the north end of Jianghan Plain, with Anlu and Yingcheng in the East, Tianmen City in the south, Zhongxiang City in the West and Suizhou City in the north. It is between 112 ° 43 ′ - 113 ° 29 ′ in the East and 30 ° 42 ′ - 31 ° 27 ′ in the north. It is the "Wuhan City" The city circle, Western Hubei eco-cultural tourism circle and China Agricultural Valley strategy are the only node cities to be covered at the same time.

The total area of Jingshan's territory is 3520 square kilometers, with 3 streets and 12 towns under its jurisdiction. By the end of 2019, the total registered residence of the city's population was 730 thousand, and the gross domestic product value reached 43 billion 10 million yuan. Jingshan mountain is located in the transition zone from the hilly area in central Hubei to Jianghan Plain. The terrain inclines from northwest to Southeast, mainly including low mountains, hills, hills and plains. It belongs to the north subtropical monsoon climate zone, with four distinct seasons, sufficient light and abundant heat. The forest coverage rate reaches 45.39%.

Jingshan is one of the birthplaces of Chinese farming culture. In the Neolithic age, "Qujialing culture" was born. At the end of the Western Han Dynasty, the "green forest uprising" originated here. In the Liang Dynasty, Xinzhou was established; in the Western Wei Dynasty and the early Tang Dynasty, Wenzhou was established, named after Tangyan hot spring. In the third year of Daye of Sui Dynasty (607), it was called "Jingshan", which got its name from "Jingyuan mountain" in the east of the city.

Jingshan is a national ecological city and national garden city. It is the hometown of tennis, bird watching, light aircraft and natural oxygen bar in China. It is also one of the top ten ecological civilization cities and top ten ecological leisure tourism cities in China. It is rated as one of the most suitable places for human beings by UNESCO. There are six national parks, tourist attractions such as yuanyangxi, lvlinzhai, Meiren Valley and Kongshan cave, as well as the rare Shuangliao (fluorine and radon) hot springs in China.

In 2019, Jingshan city was elected as one of the top 100 counties (cities) in Central China, ranking 35th in Central China and 8th in Hubei Province.

Historical evolution

As early as 7000 years ago in the stone age, there were ancestors living and reproducing in Jingshan City, showing the dawn of agricultural civilization and creating a rich and colorful prehistoric culture. Qujialing cultural site, discovered in Qujialing village, Jingshan City, is the discovery and naming place of "Qujialing culture". It is the earliest and most representative Neolithic large-scale settlement site in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River, 5300-4500 years ago. Qujialing site is also the first discovery site of prehistoric rice remains in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River. It is one of the birthplaces of China's agricultural culture. It has rich connotation of agricultural culture. It is one of the first 100 major sites in China and one of the 100 archaeological discoveries in the 20th century. In 1988, it was announced by the State Council as a national key cultural relics protection unit. Qujialing site is of great significance for the study of the origin and development of primitive human settlements and the origin and development of Chinese civilization. The discovery of Qujialing site shows that it is the birthplace of agricultural civilization in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River, and its rich cultural connotation shows that the Yangtze River Basin, like the Yellow River Basin, is also an important cradle of Chinese civilization.

The remains of ancient culture unearthed in Qujialing show that during the Neolithic period from 3300 BC to 2500 BC, the ancestors of Jingshan had mastered relatively advanced production techniques, mainly including rice planting, livestock and poultry breeding, pottery making and hand-made textile. Qujialing unearthed a large number of rice remains, eggshell painted pottery, painted pottery spinning wheel, pottery chicken, pottery sheep and other ceramic decorative crafts represent the highest level of production at that time.

Before 770 BC, Jingshan city belonged to the central area of the Western Zhou Dynasty. Sujialong cultural site, located in Pingba Town, Jingshan City, is an archaeological discovery of Zeng state coexisting with yejiashan, guojiamiao, Wenfeng tower and leigudun sites. The specific age of sujialong site is from the two Zhou Dynasty to the early and middle spring and Autumn period. The nine tripods of zhongzi, Marquis of Zeng, the chariot and horse pit buried with seven chariots, and the large-scale settlement unearthed from the cemetery suggest that it is the capital of Zeng state The unearthed "Zeng Zhong Ping Fu pot" is one of the top ten national treasures in China. It is the first unearthed cultural relic in Hubei Province to appear on the "national business card" (stamp) of new China. Two pieces were unearthed in 1966 at the same time. They are now stored in the national Museum of China and Hubei Provincial Museum respectively. They are the treasures of Hubei Provincial Museum.

In the spring and Autumn period, Jingshan city belonged to Chu, and some areas once belonged to Yunzi state.

During the Warring States period, Jingshan city still belonged to Chu. According to historical records, in the eighth year of emperor Zhaoxiang of Qin Dynasty (299 BC), "the Qin envoy Mi Rong attacked Chu and took the new city.". Xinshi is the settlement name, which is the earliest place name in Jingshan. "Song Chunxi Fushui county annals · Jingshan County Map" is marked in today's kangjialong area of Sanyang Town.

Qin set up county, county belongs to South County.

In the Western Han Dynasty, the Dafushui River Basin in the North belonged to Anlu County, while the Lishui River Basin in the South belonged to Yundu County, and the county was governed by Xinshi street in the present urban area. At the beginning of the Eastern Han Dynasty, Dafu River Valley separated from Anlu County, established a new Marquis state in Nanshi, and ruled in Ducheng (now Qinguan, Songhe town); Yundu County in the South remained the same.

During the Three Kingdoms period, the county area straddled Wei and Wu. In the north, the Marquis state of Nanxin city was renamed Nanxin city and county, belonging to Jiangxia County of Jingzhou in Wei state; in the south, Yundu County belonged to Jiangxia County of Jingzhou in Wu state.

Under the unification of Jin Dynasty, Nanxin county is still set up in Dafu River Basin, Yundu County in the south, and Jiangxia County in Jingzhou. In the ninth year of Yuankang (299), Emperor Huidi of Jin Dynasty set up jingling county (jinzhongxiang) in the west of Jiangxia county. Nanxin county and Yundu County belong to jingling county.

In the Liu and Song Dynasties, Nanxin county was renamed Xinshi County; in the north of Yundu county (southeast of the city today), Xinyang County was set up. Xinyang was named because it was in the south of Xinshi, and the county government was in the new town. Xinshi county and Xinyang County belong to jingling County of Yingzhou.

After the Qi Dynasty, there were frequent wars and chaotic construction.

During the reign of Liang Tong (520-526), Xinzhou was established and liangning county was established. The state, county and Xinyang County were in the same street as today's Xinshi. Xinshi County in the north still belonged to Yingzhou.

In 554, Xinzhou was changed to Wenzhou, named after Tangyan hot spring; Xinyang County was changed to Jiaoling County, with its governance in Zaojiao Town, belonging to Yiren County; later, panpi county was set up in the west of Jiaoling County, with its governance in panyanfan (now panyanfan, Yongxing Street), belonging to liangning County; Fushui county was changed to Fushui County, with its governance in Ducheng.

At the beginning of Sui Dynasty, Jiaoling County, panpi county and Fushui county were abandoned. In the third year of Daye (607), Wenzhou was abandoned, and Jiaoling and panpi counties were established as Jingshan County. Now the county is under the jurisdiction of Jingshan County and Fushui County, both of which belong to Anlu County of Jingzhou. Jingshan County is named after Jingyuan mountain in the east of the city and the word "Yuan" in the province.

In the fourth year of Wude in the Tang Dynasty (621), Wenzhou was reset, and Jingshan city (now a new town) was set up under the jurisdiction of the prefecture, with Jingshan and Fushui counties under its jurisdiction. In 643, Wenzhou was abolished, and the two counties were changed into Yingzhou. At the beginning of the State Administration, Jingshan city was set up, and soon Changshou was moved (now Yingzhong Town, Zhongxiang City). In the first year of Tianbao (742), Yingzhou was changed into Fushui county. In the first year of Qianyuan (758), Yingzhou was restored, and Jingshan and Fushui were subordinate to it.

In the second year of Qiande of Song Dynasty (964), Fushui county was transferred to Jingshan County, belonging to Fushui County of Yingzhou. Since then, Jingshan has dominated the present territory.

From the beginning of the Yuan Dynasty to the 12th year of the Yuan Dynasty (1275), the county returned to the Yuan Dynasty with Yingzhou. Before that, the county government moved to the side of the Hanjiang River due to war, so far it was still governed. In the 15th year of Zhiyuan Dynasty, Yingzhou was changed into Anlu Prefecture, and the county belonged to Anlu Prefecture.

In the early years of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty, the county belonged to Anlu Prefecture. In the 24th year of Hongwu (1391), it was changed to Henan Province, but it is still in Henan Province. In 1531, Anlu Prefecture was changed into chengtianfu, which was attached to the county. In 1643, Li Zicheng's uprising army occupied the city and established the peasant power here for two years.

In the second year of Shunzhi (1645), chengtianfu was changed into anlufu, and the county belonged to anlufu.

At the beginning of the Republic of China, it belonged to Xiangyang Road. In 1932, it was the sixth administrative supervision district of Hubei Province. In 1936, it was the third administrative supervision district of Hubei Province.

During the Agrarian Revolutionary War, the southern part of Jingshan was a part of the revolutionary base in Western Hunan and Hubei. The Soviet government of Jingshan County was established in yanmenkoutailing.

During the Anti Japanese War, the Japanese aggressors occupied Jingshan city and transportation lines, and established the puppet regime for six years. The Anti Japanese democratic governments of Jingbei, Jingzhong, tianjingqian, Jingan and other counties were established in the county countryside and surrounding counties respectively.

During the war of liberation, the county-level democratic governments of Jingbei, Jingying, jingzhongsui, jinganying and tianjingqian were established respectively.

In June 1949, the whole territory of Jingshan County was liberated, the temporary county power was abolished, and the organizational system of Jingshan County was restored.

The people's Republic of China was founded in Jingzhou, Hubei Province.

In October 1994, Jingzhou area and Shashi City merged into Jingsha City, and the county belongs to Jingsha City.

In December 1996, it was transferred to Jingmen City.

On February 24, 2018, with the approval of the State Council, Jingshan County was abolished and Jingshan city at the county level was established.

administrative division

By 2019, Jingshan city has 3 streets and 12 towns: Xinshi street, Yongxing street, Wenquan street, Caowu Town, Luodian Town, Songhe Town, Pingba Town, Sanyang Town, Lvlin Town, Yangji Town, Sunqiao Town, Shilong Town, Yonglong Town, yanmenkou town and Qianchang town. The Municipal People's government is located at No. 473, Chengzhong Road, Xinshi street.

geographical environment

Location context

Jingshan city is located in the middle of Hubei Province, the south foot of Dahong mountain and the north end of Jianghan Plain, with Anlu and Yingcheng in the East, Tianmen in the south, Zhongxiang in the West and Suizhou in the north. The total area of the city is 3520 square kilometers, which is between 112 ° 43 ′ - 113 ° 29 ′ east longitude and 30 ° 42 ′ - 31 ° 27 ′ north latitude.

topographic features

Jingshan city is located in the transition zone from the hills in central Hubei to Jianghan Plain, and the terrain inclines from northwest to Southeast. The highest point is Niangniang village, the peak at the junction of Suizhou City and the northwest, and the sea

Chinese PinYin : Hu Bei Sheng Jing Men Shi Jing Shan Shi