Youxi County, Sanming City, Fujian Province

Youxi County Youxi County, also known as Shenxi, was subordinate to Fuzhou when it was established in the 29th year of Kaiyuan (741) of Tang Dynasty, and to Sanming City since 1983. It is located in the east of Sanming City, north of the Daiyun mountains in central Fujian, adjacent to Minqing, Yongtai, Shaxian, Datian, Nanping and Dehua. Youxi has an area of 3463 square kilometers, ranking second in the counties, cities and districts of the province, and 10 towns and 5 townships. At the end of 2017, the registered residence population of 450133 counties was the largest and the largest population in Sanming City. Youxi County is the birthplace of Zhu Xi, a famous Neo Confucianist and educator in the Song Dynasty. It is the first "Millennium ancient county" named by the United Nations group of experts on geographical names in Fujian Province.

Youxi, known as the "Pearl of central Fujian", is also known as the "hometown of Kumquat in China", "hometown of green bamboo in China", "hometown of bamboo in China", "hometown of Camellia oleifera in China", "famous city of gejibu in China" and "famous city of Neo Confucianism and culture of Zhuzi". In 2010, Youxi was awarded the title of "Millennium ancient county". On July 23, 2013, the Central Party History Research Office officially confirmed that Youxi County belonged to the former Central Soviet area. On October 22, 2018, it was selected into the list of pilot areas for the integrated development of rural primary, secondary and tertiary industries in 2018. On December 31, 2019, it will be selected as a typical county of rural innovation and entrepreneurship in China.

In 2019, Youxi County will achieve a GDP of 21.505 billion yuan, an increase of 6.6% over the previous year.

Historical evolution

Youxi County was built in the 29th year of Kaiyuan (741) of the Tang Dynasty, under the jurisdiction of Fuzhou.

In the sixth year of Baoda in the Southern Tang Dynasty (948), it was changed to Jianzhou.

In 979, Jianzhou was renamed nanjianzhou.

In 1278, nanjianzhou was upgraded to nanjianlu, and in 1314, nanjianlu was renamed Yanping Lu.

In 1368, Yanping Road was changed into Yanping mansion, and Youxi County was subordinate to it.

In the Qing Dynasty, Youxi County still belonged to Yanping Prefecture of Fujian Province. In the second year of the Republic of China (1913), Fujian Province was divided into four Daos. Youxi County belongs to Jian'an Daos (Daozhi is now Nanping City).

In 1927, the road was abandoned and Youxi County was directly under the jurisdiction of Fujian Province.

In July 1934, Youxi County was transferred to the third administrative supervision district (the office of the Commissioner in Nanping).

The people's Republic of China was founded in 1949, Youxi County is under the second special district (the special district office is located in Nanping).

Since 1970, Youxi County has been classified as Sanming District.

In July 1983, Sanming City was reformed and Youxi County was subordinate to Sanming City.

administrative division

In 2017, Youxi County governs 10 towns, 5 townships (Chengguan Town, Meixian Town, Xibin Town, Yangzhong Town, Xinyang Town, Guanqian Town, Xicheng Town, Youxikou Town, Banmian Town, Lianhe Town, tangchuan Township, Xiwei Township, Zhongxian Township, Taixi Township, Baziqiao township), 17 communities and 250 administrative villages. The people's Government of the county is located in Chengguan Town, which is famous for the "eight sceneries of Youxi".

geographical environment

Location context

Youxi County is located in the middle of Fujian Province and the east of Sanming City. It is located between 117 ° 48'30 "- 118 ° 40" E and 25 ° 50'36 "- 26 ° 26'30" n, adjacent to Minqing and Yongtai County in the East, Dehua County in the south, Datian and Sha county in the West and Nanping City in the north. The county people's government is located in Chengguan town.

topographic features

Youxi County is located in the western part of the northern section of Daiyun mountain range, with medium and low mountains and hills, accounting for 93% of the total area. Low lying in the middle, northwest and Southeast mountains stand, thousands of mountains. Intermountain basins and valley plains are scattered among them, accounting for 6.94% of the total area. The altitude of the whole county is quite different. The highest peak of desert mountain is located in the southeast, with an altitude of 1472 meters. The lowest point is in the northeast. It is Youdun village, the resident of Youxikou town government, with an altitude of 72 meters.

climate

Youxi County is located in the south of 26 degrees north latitude, about 100 kilometers away from the sea in the East, which belongs to the subtropical monsoon humid climate. It is warm and hot in summer, cool in winter, rainy in spring and summer, and abundant in precipitation.

February to May is spring, June to August is summer, September to November is autumn, December to January is winter. Due to the great difference in altitude, the start and duration of each season are quite different. The annual average temperature in Youxi County is 19.2 ℃. The lowest annual temperature is 18.6 ℃ and the highest annual temperature is 20.2 ℃ (in 1998, the highest annual average temperature of the county was recorded). The annual variation of air temperature shows a single peak type, with the coldest in January, the monthly average temperature of 8.0 ~ 12.0 ℃, and the hottest in July, the monthly average temperature of 26.6 ~ 28.9 ℃. The extreme maximum temperature was 40.3 ℃ (July 29, 1992), and the extreme minimum temperature was - 7.8 ℃ (December 23, 1999, the lowest temperature in the county). The average annual maximum temperature of 35 ℃ and 38 ℃ is 45 days and 6 days respectively. The daily variation of temperature is generally the lowest in the morning (5-7 o'clock) and the highest in the afternoon (14-16 o'clock). Because of the complex topography in the county, the temperature distribution varies greatly in different places. In the middle and high altitude areas, the temperature decreases by 0.5 ~ 0.6 ℃ with the altitude increasing by 100 meters.

Youxi County has a warm and humid climate. Although it has four distinct seasons, it has a short frost period in winter, fertile soil, high forest coverage, rich water resources, and a good environment for large-scale agricultural production. Youxi County, with a forest coverage rate of 64%, is a famous timber production county in China. Because of the wide variety of wood and the large area of broad-leaved forest, it creates a superior environment for the breeding and growth of various fungi, especially edible fungi, and also creates good conditions for the artificial cultivation of edible fungi. There are more than 30 kinds of wild and cultivated edible fungi in the county. With the continuous improvement of production conditions and market environment, the output of edible fungi also increased year by year.

natural resources

mineral resources

31 kinds of minerals have been found, among which 22 kinds of minerals such as limestone, marble, diabase, quartzite, iron, lead, zinc, gold, silver, rare earth, coal, porcelain clay, clay, potash feldspar have been developed and utilized. In particular, the lead-zinc mine is rich in reserves and high grade, with proven reserves of 20 million tons, ranking first in East China.

Hydraulic energy

The first batch of primary rural electrification counties in China and primary rural water conservancy counties in Fujian Province have an average annual precipitation of 5.55 billion cubic meters for many years. The four water systems in the territory are all tributaries of Minjiang River, with large river bed drop, rapid flow and rich hydraulic resources. The exploitable hydraulic capacity in the territory reaches 816700 kilowatts.

Forest resources

The key counties of collective forest reform and the pilot counties of wildlife protection and management in southern China have 248466.67 hectares of forest land, 72.6% of forest coverage, 16.46 million cubic meters of live wood and livestock, 55.26 million bamboo trees, 300000 cubic meters of commercial timber and 5 million commercial bamboo per year.

population

At the end of 2017, 450133 people registered residence in the county, including 241333 males and 208800 females, accounting for 53.6% and 46.4% of the total population respectively. In the whole year, 12884 people were born, with a birth rate of 28.80 ‰; 3706 people died, with a death rate of 8.28 ‰; and the natural growth rate of population was 20.51 ‰. According to the age of the population, there are 92354 people under 18 years old, accounting for 20.5% of the total population; 288749 people between 18 and 59 years old, accounting for 64.2% of the total population; 69030 people over 60 years old, accounting for 15.3% of the total population. At the end of the year, there were 361000 permanent residents, with an urbanization rate of 44.8%, 1.7 percentage points higher than that of the previous year. According to the urbanization rate, there are 162000 urban population and 199000 rural population. (birth rate, mortality rate, natural growth rate and age group) are reported according to the registered residence annual report.

Economics

overview

Youxi County was called Shandong area before it was built, and it was gradually developed after it was built. In Song Dynasty, economy and culture developed gradually, and it was listed as Shangxian county. In Yuan Dynasty, it was known as "Mt. Nishan in central Fujian". In early Ming Dynasty, mining, metallurgy and Dingding paid heavy taxes, and peasant uprising led by Jiang Fucheng and Zheng yongzu broke out. After that, Yinye was stopped and Datian County was established. In Ming and Qing Dynasties, handicraft industry, commerce, culture and education developed. However, the officials of feudal dynasties in Youxi County did not make significant contributions to the development of local economic resources.

In 2017, Youxi County achieved a GDP of 22.006 billion yuan, an increase of 7.9% over the previous year. Among them, the added value of the primary industry was 4.116 billion yuan, an increase of 3.6%; the added value of the secondary industry was 9.99 billion yuan, an increase of 6.3%; the added value of the tertiary industry was 7.99 billion yuan, an increase of 12.4%.

In 2019, Youxi County will achieve a GDP of 21.505 billion yuan, an increase of 6.6% over the previous year. Among them, the added value of the primary industry was 5.019 billion yuan, an increase of 4.4%; the added value of the secondary industry was 8.445 billion yuan, an increase of 8.7%; the added value of the tertiary industry was 8.042 billion yuan, an increase of 5.6%.

The total public revenue of the county was 1.209 billion yuan, down 1.2% over the previous year, of which the local public revenue was 812 million yuan, up 0.8%. The county's public financial expenditure was 3.036 billion yuan, an increase of 3.0% over the previous year, of which eight expenditures for GDP accounting totaled 1.999 billion yuan, an increase of 6.7%.

primary industry

Before liberation, Youxi County was constrained by feudal land ownership for a long time, with inconvenient transportation, backward farming technology, single management and slow production development. Rice has always been the main crop, followed by sweet potato and a small amount of wheat, hemp, tea fruit; pigs are the main livestock and poultry breeding, and pigs are also the main crop

Chinese PinYin : Fu Jian Sheng San Ming Shi You Xi Xian