varicorhinus macrolepis (tai shan chi lin yu )

Methods of Taishan red scale fish:

Raw materials for making Taishan red scale fish:

750 g live red scale fish, 10 g refined salt, 10 g ginger, 10 g pepper, 10 g Shaoxing wine, 10 g soy sauce, 100 g vinegar, 1 g monosodium glutamate, 1000 g clear soup and 0.5 g pepper.

Steps for making Taishan red scale fish:

1. Remove the viscera of the fish by laparotomy, wash it, blanch it in boiling water, remove it and put it in a large soup bowl, sprinkle with pepper.

2. Heat the wok, add clear soup, salt, soy sauce, pepper, Shaojiu, MSG, bring to a boil, skim the foam, and pour into the fish bowl. Add vinegar and ginger powder to the plate and serve.

The characteristics of Taishan red scale fish are as follows

The fish is tender, the soup is delicious, the mouth is clear, and there is no fishy smell.

varicorhinus macrolepis

This entry is compiled and applied by "popular science China" Science Encyclopedia

to examine

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Taishan red scale fish is a special product of Taishan District, Tai'an City, Shandong Province, and a national geographic indication product of China.

Taishan red scale fish is also known as Zhuolin fish, time scale fish and striped fish. According to the records of Taishan medicament, "this product is named after the Xilin of juetou.". It is a famous specialty of Mount Tai and a rarity of fish. Taishan red scale fish is a small wild fish. It belongs to Cyprinidae, and is a genus of exorhynchus.

In 2008, the General Administration of quality supervision, inspection and Quarantine of the people's Republic of China (AQSIQ) announced that Taishan red scale fish officially became the "national geographical indication protection product", which is the first national geographical indication product of fish in Shandong Province. In 2012, red scale fish was rated as the second class national protected animal.

On December 13, 2007, the former AQSIQ approved the implementation of geographical indication product protection for "Taishan red scale fish".

Product features

Quality characteristics

Taishan red scale fish, also known as Zhuolin fish, is a precious freshwater fish fed by Taishan spring. Taishan red scale fish lives in the streams of Taishan Mountain at an altitude of 270-800 meters. It is also known as China's top five tribute fish with shad in Fuchun River, Huangyu in Qinghai Lake, oily fish and bowfish in Bohai Sea, and is a treasure of Chinese fish. Under natural conditions, the adult fish is less than 20 cm long and weighs less than 100 grams. Its meat is tender and delicious, but not fishy. It is a valuable food and can also be used as medicine. Body side slants, abdomen is round, head is small, snout is blunt, mouth is inferior, assume crescent shape, upper lip has very few two pairs of beard. Body dark brown, abdomen white, back slightly blue. The body is covered with fine scales, the scales on both sides are yellowish, the dorsal and caudal fins are grayish yellow, and the other fins are orange. In the reproductive season, the color of the male is obvious, the fins are auspicious red, and the snout and buttocks are decorated with white pearl stars. Body color changes with the environment, or deep or shallow, sensitive to sound changes, quick action, a encounter outside stimulation that quickly escape under the stone.

Medicinal value

According to the records of Taishan medicaments, "the head of juelin fish is square and has a huge mouth, and the head of Longxu Longmu is like a dragon without horns. It has the character of" Jue "and" Lin "because it likes rain. It has the functions of tonifying brain and intelligence, generating clear and turbid, nourishing face and Qi, prolonging life, improving eyesight and ears, strengthening teeth and keeping fit

nutritive value

Taishan red scale fish has extremely rich nutritional value. It is said that "in summer, fish can be put on rocks and exposed to the hot sun to melt oil and flow.". It is famous for its delicate meat, delicious taste, fragrant but not fishy, and rich nutrition. According to the records of Tai'an history, "red scale fish is a delicacy among the imperial meals of emperors who came to Mount Tai to worship Buddhism." Red scale fish contains more than 12 minerals such as potassium, zinc, magnesium, calcium, copper, etc.; more than 18 kinds of amino acids needed by human body; more than 18 kinds of fatty acids for anti-aging and prevention of heart disease. Nowadays, Chinese and foreign tourists come to Mount Tai to enjoy the red scale fish. In ancient times, emperors came to Mount Tai to worship Buddhism. Mount Tai red scale fish is a must in imperial food. It is one of the five tribute fish in China.

Origin environment

The formation of Mount Tai has gone through the evolution process from Archean to Cenozoic. The Yanshan movement laid its foundation, and the Himalayan movement made it magnificent. The Taishan formation is a typical double-layer structure of basement and caprock in North China platform. The geological structure is dominated by faults and controlled by uplift of tilted fault blocks. Affected by faults, the southern part of Mount Tai has a large rising range. In the process of ascending weathering, the base of Mount Tai has different peaks, steep and steep, exposing large basement complex; in the northern part, the rising range is small, the range is low, the slope is gentle, the valley is wide and the ditch is shallow, and the typical Paleozoic caprock is preserved.

The landform of Mount Tai can be divided into four types: alluvial proluvial platform, denudation accumulation hill, structural denudation low mountain and erosion structural low mountain. In terms of spatial image, from low to high, it creates a towering situation of overlapping mountains and towering mountains, forming a geomorphic landscape composed of a variety of terrain groups. The main peak rises and falls. From the foothills of Taian City at an altitude of 150 meters, to Zhongtianmen at an altitude of 847 meters, Nantianmen at an altitude of 1460 meters, Yuhuangding at an altitude of 1545 meters. Layer upon layer, forming a sense of rhythm from inhibition to promotion and a high and broad-minded momentum of "looking at the small mountains".

The climate type of Mount Tai is temperate monsoon climate, with obvious vertical changes: the average annual temperature at the top of the mountain is 5.3 ° C, 7.5 ° C lower than that at the foot of the mountain; the average annual rainfall is 1124.6 mm, 1.5 times that at the foot of the mountain; the four seasons at the foot of the mountain are distinct, and the mountains are connected with spring and autumn. The winter is longer, the freezing period is 150 days, and the minimum temperature at the top is - 27.5 ° C. In summer and autumn, the clouds and rain are changeable, the peaks are like Dai, the forest is luxuriant and the spring is flying.

Mount Tai has dense vegetation, lush trees, towering ancient trees, luxuriant flowers and plants. The forest coverage rate is 81.5%, and the vegetation coverage rate is 90%. There are 989 species of seed plants belonging to 144 families, including 433 species of woody plants belonging to 72 families, 556 species of herbaceous plants belonging to 72 families and 462 species of medicinal plants belonging to 111 families. There are 19195 ancient and famous trees over 100 years old. Mount Tai is rich in biological resources due to its rich vegetation and favorable climate conditions.

From Daiding to the foot of the mountain, the spring and stream compete for each other. The mountain is high and the water is long. The spring is sweet, colorless and transparent. It contains a variety of trace elements needed by the human body. It is a high-quality mineral water, which was called "Mount Tai holy water" in ancient times. In the main stream system of Mount Tai, there are many bays and pools. The unique natural conditions have created the landscape features of "one mountain and dozens of mountains" and "north and South scenery". It is in this high mountain and clear water that Taishan red phosphorus fish, a small wild fish unique to Taishan, was bred. It is said that it is a tribute ordered by the ancient emperors. It is delicate in nature and likes very clear mountain streams. It is not resistant to high temperature and cold. In summer, when the water temperature is higher than 28 ℃, it will die of heat. In winter, when the water temperature is lower than 2 ℃, it will freeze to death. It has high requirements for the environment, so it is more rare. Mount Tai is a natural habitat for its growth.

historical origin

Taishan red scale fish has been living in the mountain streams of Taishan for many years. It is a household name in Taian, and has always been known as a famous product and unique in Taishan. Famous poets of Tang, song, yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, such as Li Bai and Du Fu, all tasted the delicious red scale fish when they visited Mount Tai. Li Bai said in his poem, "Lu wine is amber, Wen water is purple, carrying things to increase friends." Among them, Zijin scale refers to Taishan red scale fish. In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, Taishan red scale fish became a royal tribute.

The records of Mount Tai (compiled by Wang Ziqing in the Jiajing period of Ming Dynasty, volumes 11, 12 and 13) records that "the fish with spots is about 45 inches in size, and the fish born in April or may will never be seen in the Yuebei stream"; the stone scale is about 45 inches long, and the color of the stone stream is like platinum and red black, which is the most beautiful. ".

"Tai'an County annals" (Volume 4, Volume 5, Volume 6 products) records: "banwenyu is the scale medium. A time scale fish is four or five inches long. In the early summer, it comes out of the stone stream, with different red, white and black, which is a specialty.".

"Taishan Fu Zhi" (Qianlong 25 years, Qingyan xishen Volume 2, Fangyu, 37 pages) records: "scales belong to stone scales. Taian annals call it BANWEN fish, which is about 45 inches long. It may be born in the northern Shijian of Taishan Mountain. Its color is like platinum, and it has red and black taste. It's very beautiful, but it doesn't last forever.".

"Taishan tour records" records: "and the stone scale is a specialty, four or five inches long, raw stone stream, color like platinum, and red and black, taste the most beautiful.".

According to the records of Mount Tai (Volume 9 and 10 written by song siren of the Qing Dynasty), "the grouper, which is said in the records of the Shi Wenyu mansion, is about four or five inches long. It may be born in the North Shijian of Mount Tai. It looks like platinum and has a red and black color. It tastes very beautiful, but it doesn't last forever.".

It is said that Emperor Qianlong of Qing Dynasty visited Mount Tai many times and ate this fish every time. Therefore, since the Qing Dynasty, Taishan red scale fish has become more and more famous, and is listed as the first famous dish in Taishan.

Production situation

In 2007, there were more than 40 red scale fish farms in Tai'an City, with an annual output of about 200000 commercial fish.

As of 2010, there are 70 farming households in Taishan, and the annual output has reached about 1 million.

In 2011, the breeding of Taishan red scale fish has developed to nearly 100, with an area of more than 200000 square meters, annual breeding of nearly 2 million seedlings, breeding of more than 1 million commercial fish, and annual income of some fishermen reaching more than 1 million yuan.

As of 2013, the scale of red scale fish breeding in Taishan Scenic Area has reached 4 million, and the per capita net income of farmers is more than 20000.

Product honor

In 1992, Taishan red scale fish was identified as the only protected freshwater fish in Shandong Province.

Taishan red scale fish was found in Beijing in 2001

Chinese PinYin : Tai Shan Chi Lin Yu