Taozhu ancient city

Taozhu ancient city is famous for the defeat of Japanese pirates by general Qi Jiguang, the hero of Anti Japanese war. At that time, the garrison was set up in the southeast coast of Zhejiang Province for anti Japanese war. It was built in the 20th year of Hongwu in the Ming Dynasty. It was originally a Tucheng. It was rebuilt in the seventh year of Zhengtong in the Ming Dynasty (1442). It took one year to complete in the eighth year of Zhengtong in the Ming Dynasty (1443).

traffic

Self driving:

① Shanghai, Ningbo, Hangzhou Ningbo Taizhou Wenzhou expressway, get off the north exit of Linhai, turn left at the first traffic light and drive about 50 km to Taozhu scenic area (there are road signs along the way). The ancient city of Taozhu is 2 kilometers away from shisanzhu of Taojiang

② Wenzhou, Jinhua, Lishui, Quzhou Taijin expressway, exit from Linhai urban area, walk along Linhai avenue to Linhai North Expressway for about 10 km, turn right at the last traffic light (about to get on the expressway), walk about 50 km to Taozhu scenic area (there are road signs along the way), Taozhu ancient city is 2 km away from shishanzhu of Taojiang

Taozhu City

synonym

Taozhu ancient city generally refers to Taozhu city

Taozhu city is located 41 kilometers southeast of Linhai City, Zhejiang Province, on the coast of the East China Sea.

Taozhu City, built in 1387, was built to prevent the invasion of Japanese pirates. Taozhu city is the best preserved Suo city in Zhejiang Province. It is an important material for the study of the Ming Dynasty garrison system and coastal defense system.

History of the ancient city

It was built in 1443. Taozhu city is a city specially set up for anti Japanese war in Ming Dynasty. It has a circumference of 1366 meters and a height of 4.5 meters. Except for the duikou, the main body of the city wall and three gates (including the urn city) are in good condition. In particular, the streets and alleys in the city still maintain the style of Ming and Qing Dynasties. Most of the houses in the city are built in Qing Dynasty, especially langjiali, langdefeng, Wuzhai, Liuzhai, Zongci, Guandi temple, etc.

Historical records

In 1370 A.D., a Japanese Pirate Group, which was active in Korea and the coast of China, suddenly landed on the Hanjiang River in Xiangzhi, Fujian Province and began to harass the southeast coastal areas.

Due to the constant invasion of Japanese pirates, the safety of coastal residents has been seriously threatened. In order to protect people's lives and property from infringement, Zhu Yuanzhang, the Ming Taizu, ordered Tang He, the Duke of the state, to visit the sea in 1384 and build cities along the East and west coasts of Shandong, Jiangnan and Zhejiang (volume 91 of Ming History). Tang He taught Fang Guozhen, who is familiar with maritime affairs, to follow his son Fang Mingqian. Fang Mingqian thought: "if the Japanese come up from the sea, they will be the Royal ears on the sea.

Please measure the distance of the land, set up a garrison, gather infantry on the land, and build warships with water gear. Then the Japanese are not allowed to enter, and they are not allowed to enter Fu'an. There are four people living in the coastal area, one of whom is an army. If they are garrisoned, they will not be bothered by the soldiers "(Ming history, Vol.126).

Related allusions

After Tang he arrived in Zhejiang, "he selected 35000 people from Dingzhuang to build it, and made the best use of the money of the state and county and the money of the criminals" (Ming history, Vol.126). In the 20th year of Hongwu (1387), "Tang Hehuan, who built 59 cities such as Ninghai and Linshan" (Volume 3 of Ming History). Taozhu city is one of the 59 cities built at this time, which belongs to haimenwei.

Volume 44 of the history of the Ming Dynasty says that " Taozhu qianhusuo was established in September of the 20th year of Hongwu. Ming Shi Lu also said: "twenty years of Hongwu In September, Taizhou Jiantiao and Taozhu Tucheng were built, each with thousands of households, so they were "Anti Japanese". However, the Taozhu city at that time was not the present Taozhu city. The Taozhu city built at that time was located in jiuchengshan, Xincheng village, Shangpan Town, 10.56 km southeast of the present Taozhu City, only 1 km away from the coast. The city "has three sides of seashore, shengtangmen in the East, qingqingshan in the East, Haitu in the South and Taozhu port in the north" (Linhai county annals of the Republic of China). People call it "Xiajiu city".

In September of the seventh year of Yongle (1409), "the fifth year of Weisuo in Zhejiang Province, hurricane, rainstorm, drifting houses in the bad city" (Volume 29 of Ming History). Topographically, Taozhu city is one of the "Zhejiang Wei Suo 5". Because it is too close to the sea, it is not conducive to defense, and is on the verge of being attacked by typhoon tide. Taozhu city was later moved to Zhongcheng village of Taozhu Town, which is the so-called "old city". The exact time of this migration of Taozhu city is unknown. It is estimated that it was in 1424, the 22nd year of Yongle. In the 22nd year of Yongle (1424), the imperial court "ordered the capital of the world to build the city" (Volume 8 of Ming History), which should be the best time to move Taozhu city. Although Taozhu city was far away from the coast, its safety could not be guaranteed because it was surrounded by sea water at every high tide. In May 1439, a large number of Japanese invaders invaded Taozhu, which was defeated by Tao Cheng of Zhejiang Province. The pottery is "densely covered" in the sea sand. When the Japanese arrived, Yizhou jumped up and nailed the foot back. The Japanese are afraid of it and go away "(Ming history, Vol. 165). But after all, there were many Japanese pirates, and Taozhu city was finally captured. As a result, "Guan Yu and people's houses were burned and robbed" (Guochao Dianhui, appendix of Jiajing Dongnan pingwo Tonglu, Ming Dynasty), resulting in the tragic situation of "the city and the wild were depressed, and those who passed by died" (Guochao Dianhui, appendix of Jiajing Dongnan pingwo Tonglu, Ming Dynasty). In the seventh year of Zhengtong (1442), the imperial court sent Jiao Hong, the Minister of the Ministry of household affairs, to supervise Gao Jun, the censor, to prepare for Japan.

They think that Taozhu city "is on the top of Linyi sea cliff, which is very isolated and dangerous. It is suitable for baiting the pirates, and the tide is strong, so it can live in fukening" (records of Taozhu city moved by thousands of households, Volume 9 of Jiean collection by Huang Huai of Ming Dynasty). Therefore, he advocated to move the city again, "it was to gather the vassal state and the officials of the capital, to move ten li, to say Furong, to plan, to call for craftsmen and materials, to build or construct, and to complete the city at the end of Yu" (notes on the city moved by thousands of Taozhu households, Volume 9 of Jiean collection by Huang Huai of Ming Dynasty).

This move to the end of the second year is also the last move of Taozhu City, which has become the rudiment of Taozhu city. In December of the 26th year of Jiajing (1547), the Japanese invaders invaded "Ning and Tai prefectures, killed and plundered them wantonly", resulting in "the two prefectures' officials were convicted together" (volume 322 of the history of the Ming Dynasty), and Taozhu City withstood the test. In 1555, Tan Lun became the prefect of Taizhou. In July of the same year, Qi Jiguang was transferred to be the commander of the capital of Zhejiang Province. In the following year, he was promoted to be a general of the capital division, guarding the three prefectures of Ningbo, Shaoxing and Taizhou. Under the control of Tan Lun, he led the rescue of Taizhou many times. In the 38th year of Jiajing (1559), the Japanese invaders invaded Taozhu again. Taozhu was "surrounded for seven days and nights, and the city was almost in danger. At that time, Zhai Quan, a thousand families, was the city's guard, and the Yushu was in urgent need" (He Chong's new enemy tablet in Taozhu, Ming Dynasty).

After repair

Qi Jiguang from Ningbo "unifies the army to press the territory for a long drive, to break the nest, the city depends on the whole, tens of thousands of people live" (He Chong, Ming Dynasty). After the annihilation of the invading Japanese pirates, Qi Jiguang in Taozhu "mended the disadvantages and saved the biases, promoted the reform, established the three-dimensional system, established the diligence, denounced the hous, trained the soldiers, repaired those who fell, abandoned those who raised, increased the city and dredged the haos, which was not well known" (He Chong, Ming Dynasty).

Later, Taozhu city "East and west corner as the source, blocking the barrier" (Ming He Chong "Taozhu new enemy stele"), so the government empty base exchange price as the cost of building two enemy stations. Taozhu city "has a platform on the city and a building on the platform, which is deep and broad. It is suitable for the whole area, hanging outside the city and not hiding" (He Chong, Ming Dynasty). In the autumn of the 43rd year of Jiajing (1564), Liu Yingshi, the commander of the Wei Dynasty, carried out large-scale renovation of Taozhu city as a supervisor, and "inherited thousands of families (Taozhu's thousand families) by virtue of merit" (preface to Mr. Heqiao's genealogy by Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty).

Since then, after many repairs and additions, until the Great Leap Forward period in the 1950s, all the soft walls and crenels of Taozhu city were demolished, forming the current shape and scale.

architectural style

The plane of Taozhu city is basically square. There is a moat in front of the city and a wilderness in the southwest. According to the records of Taizhou Prefecture annals and Linhai county annals, "the city is two Zhang high and one foot high, surrounded by two Li and seventy steps.". Measured today, the perimeter of the city is 1366 meters, including 431 meters for the east wall, 350 meters for the south wall, 285 meters for the west wall and 300 meters for the north wall. The average height of the city is about 4.6 meters, the average width is about 5 meters, and the base width is 10 meters.

There were 14 enemy platforms built on the city, and the outer walls of the city walls were made into "horse faces". At present, there are still 12, which are specifically distributed as three in the East, two in the south, two in the west, one in the north and one in each corner. Taozhu city has three gates, one in the East, one in the South and one in the West. The east gate is set to the south, 98 meters from the south wall and 331 meters from the north wall.

Layout structure

The gate of Taozhu city is arched, 2.3 meters high, 2.15 meters wide and 3.15 meters deep. The south gate is set to the East, 127 meters away from the east wall and 221 meters away from the west wall. The gate is also arched, 2.4 meters high, 2.8 meters wide and 3.2 meters deep. Similar to the east gate, the west gate is also set to the south, 93 meters away from the south wall and 190 meters away from the north wall. The gate is still arched, 2.42 meters high, 2.75 meters wide and 3.6 meters deep.

There is a heavy gate outside the three gates, which forms another defense line outside the inner gate with a semicircular enclosed space, which is called "Wengcheng". The heavy gate of dongwengcheng is vertical

Chinese PinYin : Tao Zhu Gu Cheng