GUI government

Well preserved Qing aristocratic house, after eating the courtyard can also visit, a queen married before the residence, also

Chengen Mansion

synonym

GUI government generally refers to Chengen government

Chengen mansion is located at 11 Fangjiayuan, Chaoyang Gate, Dongcheng District, Beijing. The only queen's residence in Beijing. Located in Fangjiayuan, Chaoyang Gate. Fangjiayuan was named Fangjiayuan in Ming Dynasty. After the garden was abandoned, Jingye nunnery was built here. In the late Qing Dynasty, Sheng Bao built this house on the former site of jingyean.

Basic introduction

Located between houfangjiayuan Hutong and Xianxian Hutong, it was once Fangjiayuan in the Ming Dynasty. After the garden was abandoned, a Jingye temple was built on the original site. During the Xianfeng Period, dutongshengbao built a house on the former site of Jingye temple. In the early years of Tongzhi, shengbaohuo was sentenced to death by the Qing government, so this mansion was transferred to Guixiang, Chengen Duke, the younger brother of Empress Dowager Cixi. When the "Eight Power Allied forces" invaded China, they were occupied by German forces. It is recorded in the miscellany of the government and the wild since Daoxian: "all the Imperial Envoys lived in Fangjiayuan, Dongcheng. After the death of his native place, he was granted Chengen gongguixiang. " "Yandu congkao" quoted from the preface to the poems of Tsuen Chen Yu Zhai, the elegy of empress Xiaoding of Qing Dynasty: "later, she was the daughter of Chengen Gong Guixiang, the nephew of Xiaoqin. Two generations of one family, which is located in the middle palace, are honored by the people. They call dafangjiayuan Chengen mansion the phoenix nest. " Because Guixiang's daughter is Longyu, the empress of Emperor Guangxu, and her family has two generations of empresses, Chengen mansion has the nickname of "phoenix nest" among the people

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Overall scale

There are five groups of courtyards connected with each other. In its heyday, there were no less than 200 houses. Now it is a cultural relic protection unit in Beijing.

The middle road is where the main courtyard is located, and it is also where the ceremonial space of the mansion is located. However, it has been greatly damaged. Only the last back hall and two ear rooms on the left and right sides of the hall are left. The hall is a seven room hard top building with a front porch. On the roof, there is a main ridge. There are kissing animals and hanging animals on the ridge. Green glass is used to cut the edge and gray tiles are used. The left and right auricles are flat topped with front porches. The rear hall is lofty, and the front platform is magnificent. This hall is located in the back cover room, but the green glass trimming is used on the roof, and its specification is much higher than that of the general government. It shows that the middle road building is the "Qianfeng residence" of the queen, which is reconstructed according to the prince's residence and the prince's residence. The back cover room symbolizes the bedroom, so as to be used when the Queen "visits relatives". The whole middle road is usually uninhabited.

The leisure space of Xuanguan, which is located on the East Road, has also been damaged to some extent. The gate and the inverted room have been lost. The first entrance to the main room still exists, with five front and back porches, a hard mountain and a rolling shed roof, and three Baoxia buildings in the front. The main room of the second entrance has been demolished, but the East and West Wing rooms are still well preserved. There are three rooms in each of the two wing rooms, but the East Wing room has a front porch, which is larger than the West Wing room. At the last entrance, there are seven back rooms with front porch and three front rooms. There used to be a small garden on the west side of East Road, but now there is only a hexagonal pavilion left.

There are three groups of courtyards on the West Road, which are the main residential areas of the mansion. There are four yards in the East Group, with three main gates in the middle. The opposite side is a shadow wall with one word. The inverted rooms on both sides have been lost. There are five main rooms in the first entrance, front and back porches, hard mountaintop buildings, clear water roof, and three ear rooms in the East. In the second entrance, there are five main rooms, three front and back porches, three East and West Wing rooms, and three North and three South rooms in the East. Third, there are five main rooms in the courtyard, and the front and back porches are built on the top of the hard mountain. There are three wing rooms in the East and West, with a total of six rooms; there are three ear rooms and one ear room in the left and right of the main room. The last photo room in the hospital has been lost.

The middle group also has four courtyards. The entrance gate is to the East, with one and three inverted rooms on the left and right. In the north, there should be two gates, and the present gate house and the two inverted rooms in the east still exist. Second, there are three main rooms in the courtyard, two front and back porches on the top of the mountain, two ear rooms on the left and right, and three wing rooms on the East and west of the courtyard. The seven South rooms of the third courtyard are close to the north wall of the main room of the second courtyard, and connected with the five wing rooms in the East and West into a "U" shape. The main house is a hard peak building with seven front and back porches. The fourth entrance is houzhao courtyard, with seven houzhao rooms and a back door on the west side. The hospital has been demolished in recent years.

The West Group has three courtyards. The entrance gate is located in the southeast corner, and there are five inverted rooms in the West. The first entrance hall is three, the front and back porches are hard on the top of the mountain, there are two ear rooms in the East and one ear room in the West. In the second entrance, there are three main rooms, front and back porches, hard hilltops, two and three ear rooms on the left and right, and three wing rooms on the East and West. The last is the inverted seat courtyard, with a total of seven inverted seat rooms and a back door on the west side. The hospital has also been demolished in recent years.

Although guigongfu is only a duke's mansion, as the "Houdi", it has a high level of regulation, which is similar to Wangfu. However, because the residence was rebuilt on the basis of the original minister's residence, the size of the courtyard was restricted to a certain extent, which was not as spacious as the general royal residence. Judging from the architectural pattern, only one group in the east of the three groups of buildings on the west road belongs to the original government, and the other two groups should be the later extended houses. Now guigongfu Middle Road, West Road and East Road belong to two units

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Qing Dynasty residence

At the construction site of chaoyangmennei renovation project to the west of Nanxiaojie, only a few hutongs have been demolished and vacated, and many high-rise buildings built at the construction site have reached their present scale. In the middle of the construction site of xiaofangjia Hutong, Nanxiaojie, which has been demolished and cleaned, there is also a house, which is quite eye-catching. This is guigongfu, a cultural relic protection unit in Dongcheng District of Beijing, and the only existing Queen's house in the capital in the Qing Dynasty. The title of Duke GUI is the third class Duke of Chengen. Naturally, it also comes from the grace of Cixi. Because Empress Dowager Cixi gave birth to Zaichun, the only son of emperor Xianfeng, who was later emperor Tongzhi, the mother was precious to her son. After her death, her father Huizheng was named the third class Duke of grace. Under the grace edict, Cixi's eldest brother Zhaoxiang inherited the title. After Zhaoxiang died, Cixi's younger brother Guixiang inherited it, so it was called Duke of GUI. GUI Xiang had never read any books or done anything. He was mediocre and did nothing in his life. He was paid by vice governor and smoked a lot at home. He was a role that no one in the royal family could look up to. But his status is so special, and his fortune and destiny are especially good. The eldest sister is the empress dowager, and the second sister is Wang Fujin. In theory, he is the uncle of emperor Tongzhi and Emperor Guangxu, and also the uncle of Prince Chun. Guixiang has three daughters. Dagege is said to be betrothed to Duke zaizaze, the eldest grandson of Mianyu, the "fifth Grand Master"; sangege is said to be married to Bailey Zaishu, the heir of Prince Fu. Although Er Niu is not beautiful, she is not dignified and lucky, but she becomes Emperor Guangxu's queen because of Cixi. No one dares to look down upon such relatives. However, because GUI Xiang was insignificant and his daughter was the queen of the Qing Dynasty, there were no interesting historical records of GUI Xiang and the empress's residence. Only "Yandu congkao" records that its place "is also called Fangjia Hutong in the north. When it comes to "xiaofangjia Hutong" in the north, it is described in the notes. According to the diaries of Xijin: "the east of the east courtyard, the old square home, the garden was abandoned and the Jingye nunnery was built on its site. On the left side of the hall, Mr. Xu Luzhai wrote a thousand character script. In August of the 11th year of Wanli, the stone was carved and embedded in the wall. This is the situation of Fang Jiayuan in the late Ming Dynasty. To the late Qing Dynasty, "Shun Tian Fu Zhi" records: "an today abandoned, Lin Shu also no test." "Quan Cha Yu Zhai Shi Cun, the elegy of empress Xiaoding of Qing Dynasty:" later, it was the nephew of Duke Chengen and Guixiang, the Empress Dowager Cixi. A gate of two generations, is located in the palace, are proud of the people, said Dafang home GUI mansion for phoenix nest The residence where the emperor lived before he ascended the throne is called "Qiandi", which means Qianlong is in the abyss; the residence where the queen lived before she was elected is often called Phoenix Nest

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Shengbao Mansion

According to few historical materials, in the late Ming Dynasty, there was a Fangjiayuan in xiaofangjia Hutong, which was famous for its flowers and trees. Later, the garden was abandoned, and a nunnery for nuns was built at its site, which was called Jingye nunnery. In the late Qing Dynasty, Jingye nunnery was also destroyed. So Sheng Bao, a famous general in the late Qing Dynasty, built a mansion on the site of Yuanan. Shengbao was regarded as emperor Xianfeng's favorite general. He was born in Juren and served in the Imperial Academy. Later, he changed from literature to martial arts. He was awarded the title of "batulu". He was a young man who had won the title of "batulu". When the British and French allied forces invaded Beijing in 1860, Shengbao and Seng greenqin were ordered to lead the troops to defend the capital and fight with the Allied forces at Baliqiao, Tongzhou. Shengbao was also injured. Although it didn't stop the Allied forces from entering Beijing and burning Yuanmingyuan, they were defeated, but they were still fighting, which was different from other people's fleeing. Later, Prince Gong dealt with the "Fuju" in the capital, that is, the alliance under the city, which was negotiated. Shengbao and Prince Gong got into a relationship, which was also regarded as having shared hardships. In the Xinyou coup, he demonstrated to SUSHUN, advocated the Empress Dowager to hang the curtain, and helped Cixi. Therefore, after emperor Tongzhi ascended the throne, he was a typical proud soldier. The house he built should be large in area, fine in buildings and skillful in gardens, which naturally can afford the taste and specifications of luxury houses. However, Shengbao was defeated soon and failed to enjoy the good fortune in this house. In the first year of Tongzhi, he was appointed as an imperial envoy. He supervised the troops to the so-called Hui rebellion in Shanping. He offended all the people from Empress Dowager Cixi, Prince Gong to the ministers of the current Dynasty. In the second year of Tongzhi, he was arrested and asked to return to Beijing. He was sentenced to death on the charge of "cheating on pay, fishing for sex and harming the people", and "leniently ordered to commit suicide". This house was naturally given to Gui Xiang after he was born into the government. Since then, it has been called GUI Gong Fu. However, at that time, both inside and outside the Palace used to treat Empress Dowager Cixi with "Fangjiayuan"

Chinese PinYin : Gui Gong Fu