Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province

Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture, with its capital in Dali City, is one of the 16 prefecture level administrative regions in Yunnan Province. It is located in the west of central Yunnan Province, with an altitude of 2090 meters. It is adjacent to Chuxiong in the East, Pu'er and Lincang in the south, Baoshan and Nujiang in the West, and Lijiang in the north. It straddles 98 ° 52 ′～ 101 ° 03 ′ E and 24 ° 41 ′～ 26 ° 42 ′ n, patrols Erhai Lake in the East and DIANCANG MOUNTAINS in the West. It governs Dali City, Xiangyun County, Midu County, Binchuan County, Yongping County, Yunlong County, Eryuan County, Heqing County and Jianchuan County, as well as Yangbi County, Weishan County and Nanjian County.

It is located in the low latitude plateau, with little temperature difference in four seasons and distinct dry and wet seasons. It is dominated by the monsoon climate in the low latitude plateau. The most representative scenic spots are butterfly spring, Cangshan, Erhai Lake, Dali ancient city and Chongsheng Temple three towers.

In late 2018, the registered residence population of Dali was 3 million 635 thousand and 200, and realized GDP of 112 billion 244 million yuan.

Historical evolution

Dali has a long history and is one of the earliest cultural birthplaces in Yunnan. According to the literature, the ancestors of the Bai nationality lived here in the 4th century and spread many clans and tribes, which are called "Kunming" in the history books. They created a splendid Neolithic culture.

In 221 BC, the Qin Dynasty began to manage the southwest and set up administrative institutions in the southwest. Since then, the central dynasty began to rule Dali.

In the second year of Yuanfeng of Han Dynasty (109 BC), the Western Han Dynasty sent tens of thousands of Bashu soldiers to attack Laojin and MIMO, and "came to Yunnan with troops" and "the king of Dian" came to Han Dynasty. The Western Han Dynasty set up Yizhou County in the "king of Dian" ruling area. In the same year, the Han Dynasty sent Guochang and Weiguang to attack the "Kunming" tribe in Dali to block the Han envoys. In the fourth year of Yuanfeng (107 BC) and the sixth year of Yuanfeng (105 BC), Guo Chang led his troops to attack the "Kunming" tribe twice. "In a few years later, he merged Kunming and set up four counties in Dali, namely Yeyu, Yunnan, yelong and Bisu, which were under the jurisdiction of Yizhou county. From then on, Dali area was officially incorporated into the territory of the Han Dynasty.

In the Eastern Han Dynasty, Dali area was subordinate to Yongchang County. Yeyu County, Xielong County, Yunnan county and Bisu County in the former Western Han Dynasty remained unchanged, and Bonan county (now Yongping County) was newly established.

From 220 to 280 A.D., Yunnan, Guizhou and southwest Sichuan were called nanzhong, a part of Shu.

In 265 ad, the Western Jin Dynasty was established. In order to strengthen its rule over Yunnan, in 271 ad, the Jin Dynasty divided the four counties of nanzhong established by the Shu Han Dynasty and established ningzhou.

During the Southern Dynasties, the Central Plains was in a situation of feudal separatism. Yunnan was ruled by song, Southern Qi, Liang, Northern Wei, Western Wei and Northern Zhou. Judging from the administrative construction of Yunnan at that time, although the Imperial Court changed frequently, it basically followed the construction system of the Western Jin Dynasty, that is, the three-level system of state, county and county. The state was ningzhou, and the setting of county and county changed greatly.

In 479 A.D., the Xiao Qi Dynasty ruled ningzhou after the Liu Song Dynasty. During the 23 years of the Xiao Qi Dynasty's rule, it successively sent four governor of ningzhou and the last governor of Yizhou and ningzhou. According to the annals of Nanqi Prefecture, Dali Prefecture is divided into Yunnan Prefecture, dongheyang Prefecture, xiheyang Prefecture and Yongchang Prefecture. Yunping (Binchuan) and Xilong (Weishan, Nanjian, Yangbi) belong to Yunnan county; dongheyang (Fengyi, Dali City) and Yeyu (Xizhou, Dali City) belong to dongheyang County; Bisu county (Yunlong) belongs to xiheyang County; Bonan county (Yongping) belongs to Yongchang County.

In 585, Emperor Wen of the Sui Dynasty sent Wei Chong as the governor of Nanning, and set up Gongzhou, Xiezhou and kunzhou in Yunnan.

In 621, Tang Dynasty sent envoys to Erhai area to appease "Kunming" barbarians. In the seventh year of Wude (624), Shi Wei Renshou, the governor of the prefecture, sent 500 soldiers to the Xi'er River to "take over eight prefectures and seventeen counties, and give them a great commander as a herdsman".

According to the records of Geography in the old Tang Dynasty and the new Tang Dynasty, in the early Tang Dynasty, Dali Prefecture belonged to the Dudu Fu of Rongzhou and the Dudu Fu of Yaozhou, respectively.

In the early Tang Dynasty, the names of Dali Prefecture scattered in historical records include Bozhou, mengshe, yangguazhou, Shahu, Hedong, Yuexi, langqiong and Dengfu. Bozhou is in today's Xiangyun County; mengshe, yanggua and Shahu are in today's Weishan and Nanjian; Hedong is in today's Dali Fengyi; Yuejie is in today's Binchuan; langqiong and Dengfu are in today's Eryuan.

In the middle of the 7th century, there were six large ethnic tribes in Erhai area, which were called "six imperial edicts" in history. The six imperial edicts are: mengshe imperial edict, Mengfu imperial edict, Shilang imperial edict, langgong imperial edict, Dengfu imperial edict and Yuexi imperial edict.

In the 830's, with the support of the Tang Dynasty, Nanzhao united the six imperial edicts into one, unifying the Erhai area. According to the biography of Nanzhao in the new Tang Dynasty, the area is located between Yongchang and Yaozhou, in the south of the iron bridge During this period, Nanzhao successively accepted the titles of "governor", "Prince of taideng", "king of Yunnan", "king of Nanzhao" and "king of Yunnan" appointed by the Tang Dynasty.

From 749 to 754, the "Tianbao war" broke out between Nanzhao of Tang Dynasty. In the following 40 years, Nanzhao continued to expand its territory, and established a new system which connected western Guizhou and northern Vietnam in the East, Xishuangbanna in the south, northern Myanmar in the west, Shenchuan (now Lijiang) of Tubo in the northwest, and Yibin of Daxiu prefecture (now Sichuan) in the northeast Multi ethnic aggregate country.

In the later period of Nanzhao, the powerful officials were good at politics, and there was a fierce fight for power in the court. In the fourth year of qianning (897), Emperor Zhaozong of Tang Dynasty, Zheng Maisi, a powerful minister of Nanzhao, killed Wang longshun. In 902, Emperor Zhaozong of the Tang Dynasty killed Shun Huazhen, the son of long Shun, and his youngest son, and killed 800 people of the Nanzhao royal family at the bottom of the Wuhua tower, thus seizing the Nanzhao regime, known as the dachanghe kingdom.

In the fourth year of Qianhua in the Later Liang Dynasty (914), dachanghe went out to Sichuan, and was defeated. In the second year of Tiancheng (927) of the later Tang Dynasty, Jianchuan, the Minister of power, spent the time of Yang ganzhen to destroy dachanghe state and supported Zhao Shanzheng, the official of Qingping, to be king, which is known as the rejuvenation of the country by Datian. Ten months later, Yang ganzhen abandoned Zhao Shanzheng and became king, known as Dayi Ningguo.

In the second year of Tianfu (937) of the later Jin Dynasty, Duan Siping, the governor of Tonghai in the later Jin Dynasty, united with the thirty-seven tribes of eastern Yunnan to march into Dali, overthrowing the state of Dayi Ning and establishing the state of Dali. Dali basically inherited the boundary of Nanzhao. Dali ruled Yunnan for more than 300 years. During this period, Dali was awarded the title of "king of eight capitals of Yunnan" by the Song Dynasty.

In 1253 ad, Kublai Khan led yuan soldiers from Ningxia to Gansu, passed Liupan Mountain, gathered in Lintao (Southern Gansu), and then entered the northwest of Sichuan, which was divided into three routes in Songpan area. Kublai Khan personally led the Zhongdao soldiers to cross the Dadu River "through the valley for more than 2000 Li", from today's Yanyuan and Yongsheng to the Jinsha River, and "take the Ge Nang and cutting to ferry" to today's Lijiang. Kublai Khan led the army to capture Jianchuan and Heqing, and forced Dali city from Shangguan. When the city broke, Dali Prime Minister Gao Xiang was killed, and Dali King Duan Xingzhi fled to the Dianchi Lake area. In the spring of 1254, Kublai Khan's class returned to the north, and Wu Liang joined the tailiu town in Yunnan.

In 1254 A.D., Wu Liang continued to march into Taiwan, successively pacifying the five cities, eight prefectures, four prefectures of Dali, and 37 units of wuman and Baiman. In Kunze (today's Yiliang), he captured Duan Xingzhi, king of Dali, and the state of Dali died.

In 1274, the Yuan Dynasty appointed Sai Dianchi as the official of Pingzhang in Yunnan, and he came to Yunnan to establish a provincial government. Sai Dianchi abolished the original military buildings of ten thousand households, one thousand households and one hundred households, and set up Lu, Fu, Zhou and Xian. He established the Provincial Library of all roads in Yunnan. He set up Lu 37, Fu 2, subordinate Zhou 54 and subordinate County 47. He also set up Dian, Zhai and Junmin Fu. The establishment of provinces in Yunnan in the Yuan Dynasty marked a great step forward in the rule of Yunnan by the central dynasty, and formed a unified situation of government and order, that is, "when the provinces have orders, they will be distributed in the world, and when the counties have orders, they will reach the Province". During the period of Yunnan Province in Yuan Dynasty, Dali Prefecture belonged to Dali Road, Heqing Road, Weichu road and yunlongdian military and civilian government. Dali Road: in the seventh year of Zhiyuan Dynasty (1270), Dali road was established in the Yuan Dynasty, with 20000 households in Dali. It is located in today's Dali City, with one county, two prefectures and five prefectures.

In 1276, it was changed from Fu to Lu, and Yunnan became the name of provincial division.

In the 15th year of Hongwu (1382), the Ming army attacked Dali City, and the Imperial Court changed its province to Yunnan Province. The imperial court announced the political envoys and led the prefectures, prefectures and counties; set up the commanding envoys and led the guards; set up the Tixing chasi, which patrolled the four roads of Anpu, Linyuan, Jincang and Erhai, and inspected the prefectures, prefectures and counties. Today Dali Prefecture is divided into Dali Prefecture, Heqing Prefecture, Menghua Prefecture, Yongchang Prefecture and Chuxiong Prefecture.

In the Qing Dynasty, Dali Prefecture belonged to Dali Prefecture, Lijiang Prefecture, Yongchang Prefecture and Menghua Prefecture. When ertai was the governor of Yunnan and Guizhou, he carried out a large-scale "reform of the land to flow", and Dali area was classified as the interior of Yunnan. In the eighth year of the volume of Mansi Zhi, it is said that the editions of Mansi Zhi are based on the land of Yunnan, Chuxiong, Lin'an and Dali, and the places of Yuanjiang, wailuchuan and Cheli in Yongchang are the Southwest Barbarians, just like the Dianchi Lake in Chengdu in the old days Dali Prefecture is the seat of yixidao and the resident of Dali governor. It leads 4 states, 3 counties and 1 magistrate to sue. Lingzhou: Zhaozhou, Dengchuan, Binchuan and Yunlong; Lingxian: Taihe, Yunnan and langqiong; Chief Secretary: Twelve chief officials.

In 1911, Yunnan military government was established after the "Double Ninth uprising" in Kunming. Dali area belongs to Dianxi Road, and later belongs to Tengyue road.

After the founding of the people's Republic of China, on February 1, 1950, the Dali High Commissioner's office was established, under the jurisdiction of Guan, Dali, Fengyi, Deng Chuan, Binchuan, Xiangyun

Chinese PinYin : Yun Nan Sheng Da Li Bai Zu Zi Zhi Zhou