mulberry leaves

mulberry leaves

(Ben Jing)

Iron Fan ("hundred grass mirror").

[source] the leaves of moriaceae.

[plant morphology] mulberry (the book of songs), also known as family mulberry (rihuazi materia medica), jingsang (Wang Zhen's agricultural book), mulberry tree (salvaging materia medica), and yellow mulberry.

Deciduous trees, 3~7 m tall or tall, usually shrubby, containing lotion. The bark is yellowish brown, the branches are gray white or gray yellow, slender and sparse, and slightly pilose when tender. Leaves alternate; ovate or elliptic, 5-10 cm long, up to 20 cm long, 5-11 cm wide, apex acute, base heart-shaped or asymmetric, margin with irregular coarse serrated or round teeth; petiole 1.5-4 cm long; stipules lanceolate, caducous. The flowers are unisexual, dioecious; the flowers are yellow green and open at the same time as the leaves; the male flowers form catkins; the female flowers form spikes; the sepals are 4-lobed; the male flowers have stamens 4; the female flowers have no style, and the stigmas are 2-lobed and rolled outward. Aggregate fruit axillary, fleshy, stipitate, elliptic, 1-2.5 cm long, dark purple or black, rarely white. The flowering period is from April to May. The fruit period is from June to July.

It is cultivated all over the country. Most of them are in Jiangsu and Zhejiang.

The root (mulberry root), root bark (mulberry bark), twig (mulberry branch), white juice in bark (mulberry bark juice), white juice in leaf (mulberry leaf juice) and fruit ear (mulberry fruit) of this plant are also used for medicine. See special regulations for details.

The following plants of the same genus are also used as medicine in a few areas. Morus alba, with slender 2-lobed style (see "Sonneratia microphylla"); Morus mongholicus, leaf margin serrated, often with bristles; Morus alba, leaf margin obtusely serrated, young leaves densely hairy on both sides.

[collection] from October to November, harvest after frost, remove impurities and dry in the sun.

[herbal medicine] the dried leaves are mostly shrunk and broken, and the intact ones are oval or wide oval, 8-13cm in length and 7-11cm in width. Apex pointed, margin serrate, sometimes irregularly divided, base truncate, rounded or cordate. The upper part is yellowish green with slight luster, and there are fine trichomes along the veins; the lower part is slightly light in color, and the veins protrude, and the veins interweave into a network, with dense fine hairs. It's brittle. It's weak in Qi, light in taste, and slightly bitter and astringent. The leaves are complete, big and thick, yellow green, crisp and free of impurities. It is better to use mulberry leaves after frost, which is called "frost mulberry leaves" or "winter mulberry leaves".

Most of the areas in China have the highest yield, especially in the southern silkworm rearing area.

[chemical constituents] the leaves contain rutin, quercetin, isoquercetin, quercetin-3-triglucoside, trace amount of β - sitosterol, and brassicasterol, β - sitosterol, β - D-glucoside, shenanol, mesoinositol, insect allergy hormones Achyranthes bidentata, ecdysterone, hemolysin and chlorogenic acid. The volatile oil was composed of acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, isobutyric acid, valeric acid, isovaleric acid, hexanoic acid, isohexanoic acid, methyl salicylate, guaiacol, phenol, o-cresol, m-cresol, eugenol, etc. it also contained oxalic acid, fumaric acid, tartaric acid, citric acid, succinic acid, palmitic acid, ethyl palmitate, TRIACONTANE, hydroxycoumarin, sucrose, fructose, glucose Asparagus amino acids and glutamic acid. It contains vitamin c-200-300 mg%, glutathione 140-400 mg%, folic acid 105 μ g%, 5-formyltetrahydrofolate 22 μ g%, vitamin b1-460 μ g%, vitamin b2-300-800 μ g%, adenine, choline, trigonelline, copper 10p.p.m., zinc 16p.p.m., boron 35p.p.m., manganese 270p.p.m.

[pharmacological action] the results showed that mulberry leaf had anti diabetic effect by measuring fasting blood glucose and adrenaline hyperglycemia in alloxan induced diabetic rats. When mulberry leaf injection was used to treat elephantiasis of lower limbs in China, it was determined that its acute toxicity to mice was very small; in the subacute test, 10% mulberry leaf injection was injected intraperitoneally 60 times of human dosage for 21 days without damage to internal organs; if it was more than 250 times of human dosage, it had certain damage to liver, kidney and lung (denaturation and bleeding); mulberry leaf injection had no irritation, It does not cause hemolysis and allergic reaction. High concentration of mulberry leaf Decoction (31 mg / ml) has anti Leptospira effect in vitro.

The pharmacology of rutin and quercetin can be seen in "Sophora japonica" and the pharmacology of eugenol can be seen in "clove".

[processing] mulberry leaves: picking impurities, rubbing, winnowing stems, sieving mud chips. Honey mulberry leaves: take the mulberry leaves, add a little honey and boiling water, mix well, slightly stuffy, put in the pot, stir fry gently until it doesn't stick, take out and let cool. (100 Jin of mulberry leaves, 20-25 Jin of honey)

Bitter and sweet, cold.

① "Rihuazi Materia Medica": "warm, non-toxic. "

② Compendium: "it tastes bitter and sweet, cold and poisonous. "

③ Yilin zuanyao: "sweet, sour, pungent, cold. "

[meridian tropism] entering lung and liver meridians.

① Compendium: "Hand Foot Yangming Scripture. "

② "Into the foot Taiyang bladder meridian, hand Shaoyin heart meridian, foot Taiyin spleen meridian. "

③ Ben Cao Zai Xin: "entering the liver and lung meridians. "

Functions and indications: dispelling wind, clearing heat, cooling blood and improving eyesight. Treatment of wind temperature, fever, headache, red eyes, thirst, lung heat, cough, wind arthralgia, addiction rash, lower limb elephantiasis.

① Ben Jing: "in addition to cold and heat, sweating. "

② Tang materia medica: "decocting concentrated juice with water can remove beriberi and edema and benefit the small intestine. "

③ Meng Shen: "it's just like tea to quench thirst. "

④ "Materia medica notes:" the main cholera abdominal pain vomiting, the winter months with dry thick cooking. Fine file, decoct in a large cauldron, remove the old wind and persistent blood. "

⑤ Rihuazi materia medica: "it can benefit five zang organs, unblock joints, lower Qi, and decoct; it can remove wind pain, sweat, and bruise blood, and steam the ingredients; it can be bitten by snakes, insects and centipedes, and applied with salt.". "

⑥ "Ben Cao Tu Jing": "boiling soup to drench hands and feet, to wind arthralgia. "

⑦ "Dan Xi Xin Fa": "baking is the end, hollow rice drink withered clothes, stop night sweat. "

⑧ "Materia medica Menghong": "make soup, wash eyes, remove wind and tears, eliminate edema, float feet, lower Qi, benefit joints. "

⑨ "Compendium": "to cure the cough caused by labor heat, to improve eyesight and to grow hair. "

⑩ Materia Medica from the new: "zizao, Liangxue, Zhixue. "

(11) herbal mirror: "treating intestinal wind. "

(12) seeking truth from materia medica: "clearing lung and purging stomach, cooling blood and drying dampness. "

(Ben Cao Qiu yuan): "stop hematemesis, golden sore bleeding. "

(14) Shandong traditional Chinese medicine: "for sore throat, swollen gums and swollen head and face. "

[usage and dosage] oral administration: decoction, 1.5-3 yuan; or into pills, powder. External use: fried, washed or tamped.

[prescription selection] ① for those who are too overcast and warm, but cough, not very hot, and slightly thirsty: almond, forsythia, mint, mulberry leaf, chrysanthemum, bitter stem, licorice and reed root. Two cups of water, one cup boiled, two servings a day. (Sang Ju Yin in differentiation of epidemic febrile diseases)

② Cure wind eye tears: December does not fall mulberry leaves, fried soup day temperature wash, or into mirabilite. (Linhu jijianfang)

③ When you wash your eyes, you will feel hot and sore, and your eyes will be astringent and dizzy. You can use two iron fans, wash half of them with boiling water, cover them well, and wait for the soup to be warm. The color is yellow and green, like strong tea. Then you can wash your eyes and dry them. After one or two hours, you can stew them in a medicine bowl, and then wash them three or five times a day. (Yang Su Yuan Chuan Xin Fang)

Wutong, benumbed and unresponsive: the skin of a mulberry leaf (go to the pedicle, wash, dry, for the end) a Jin, black hemp (Amoy net) 42, flax, and boil the juice, and the white honey, a Jin, and then make it into drops, and into the mulberry leaves, for pills, such as the large tung tree. Each serving three money, salt soup on an empty stomach, warm wine on the bed. (medical grade Sangma pill)

⑤ Treatment of hematemesis: late mulberry leaves, slightly baked, regardless of how much, pound Luo for fine powder. Each take three money dagger, cold tea tune such as cream, into a little musk, night lying with pharyngeal fluid. Only take it once, and then use lung tonic. (Dusheng San in Shengji Zonglu)

⑥ After the treatment of cholera, I feel restless and thirsty: hold the mulberry leaves, cut them, fry them with a large cup of water until five minutes, remove the dross and take them at any time. (Sheng Hui Fang)

⑦ Treatment of children's thirst: mulberry leaves no matter how many, with raw honey on the leaf by leaf, the line will be tied on the pedicle of the leaves taut, dry in the shade, carefully cut, water decoction service. (Sheng Jin Fang)

⑧ Treatment of colorectal prolapse: mulberry leaves three Sheng, water fried, with the temperature of the Na. (ren Zhai Zhi Zhi Fang)

⑨ Treatment of chuanzhangduzhong: new mulberry leaves are rotten. (on tongxuan)

⑩ Treat carbuncle mouth not convergence: frost yellow mulberry leaves, for the end of the application. (ren Zhai Zhi Zhi Fang)

(11) treatment of fire burning and blister sores in soup: after frosting mulberry leaves, baking, burning, fine powder, sesame oil or dry application. (true story of Medicine)

(12) treatment of sore throat and toothache: mulberry leaves for three to five yuan, fried. (commonly used Chinese herbal medicine in Shanghai)

⒀ treatment head vertigo: mulberry leaf three money, chrysanthemum three money, medlar three money, cassia seed two money. Fried in water instead of tea. (Shandong Handbook of Chinese herbal medicine)

(14) shake head wind (tongue out, flow water, shake head continuously): mulberry leaf one to two money, water decoct. (Jiangxi herbal medicine manual)

[clinical application] treating elephantiasis of lower limbs

They were injected intramuscularly with 10% mulberry leaf injection, 5 ml each time, 1-2 times a day, or with 25-50% solution, 4 ml each day. 15-21 days as a course of treatment, the necessary time interval of 10 days to give the second or third course of treatment. Three days after the injection, the affected limb was bound at the same time. A total of 512 patients (352 legs) with elephantiasis in each stage of clinical observation were basically cured after a course of treatment (leg circumference reduced to normal or close to normal, skin thinning, extremely soft subcutaneous tissue, conscious symptoms disappeared, labor force completely recovered)

Chinese PinYin : Sang Ye