Sparganium

Sparganium

(notes on materia medica)

[alias] bulbus root (baopuzi), jingsanleng (Kaibao materia medica), hongpugen (materia medica tujing), guangsanleng (medicinal materials collection).

[source] it is the tuber of Sparganium nigrum, Sparganium nigrum and Sparganium angustifolia.

[plant morphology] 1. Black Sparganium (salvaging materia medica), also known as Pucao (Zilin), Sparganium (qianjinyifang).

Perennial herbs. Rhizome transverse, under the growth of thick and short tubers. Stem erect, cylindrical, smooth, 50-100 cm high. The leaves are linear, 60-95 cm long and 2 cm wide, with one longitudinal edge on the back, apex obtuse, base clasping. The inflorescence of the male flower is located in the upper part of the female inflorescence, about 10 mm in diameter, usually 2-10; the inflorescence of the female flower is more than 12 mm in diameter, usually 1-3; the perianth of the male flower is 3-4, oblanceolate; the stamen is 3; the female flower has female, stamen 1, rarely 2, ovary spindle, stigma 3-4 mm long, filiform. The fruit is drupe shaped, obovate conical, 6-10 mm long and 4-8 mm in diameter, with a sharp tip at the apex and persistent perianth. The flowering period is from June to July. The fruit period is from July to August.

Born in a pool or ditch, etc. Distributed in Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Hebei, Henan, Anhui, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Hunan, Hubei, Sichuan, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Gansu, Ningxia and other places.

② Sparganium nigrum

Perennial herbs. Rhizome short, with many tubers. The stem is 40-60 cm in height, the leaves are linear in width, 45-55 cm in length and 6-8 mm in width. The male inflorescence is located above the female inflorescence, sessile, usually 5-7, with leaflike bracts; the female inflorescence is 3-6; the male anther is linear, filament linear; the female ovary is obovate, style persistent, slightly hooked. Fruit drupe shaped; spindle shaped, dark brown when ripe.

It is found in ponds and ditches. Distributed in Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Hebei and other places.

③ Sparganium gracile

The morphological characteristics are short rhizome, small tuber, narrow linear leaves, 45-70 cm long and 3-4 mm wide.

Born in swamps, ditches, etc.; distributed in Northeast, Hebei and other places

[collection] the tubers can be harvested in autumn and winter. After the tubers are dug out, the leaves and fibrous roots are removed, washed, peeled and dried in the sun.

[medicinal material] the dried tuber is cone-shaped: oblate ovoid, round at the top and pointed at the bottom, 2.5-5 cm long and 1.5-3.5 cm in diameter. The surface is yellowish white or grayish yellow, fine or rough, with knife cutting marks and dense punctate fibrous root marks, slightly arranged in a horizontal ring, with protrusions and unevenness on both sides. It's solid and hard to break. The cutting section is flat, yellowish white or grayish white, with dark inward color, and many indistinct vascular bundle dots in the middle. Weak Qi, light taste, slightly spicy taste. It's better to be uniform, weight, solid quality, clean skin and yellow white surface.

It is mainly produced in Jiangsu, Henan, Shandong and Western China. Liaoning, Anhui, Zhejiang, Sichuan, Hubei and other places are also produced.

In addition, there are also tubers of Sparganium Vitex, which are also used as Sparganium in Northeast China, Inner Mongolia, Shaanxi, Xinjiang, Jiangsu and other places. The commodity is commonly known as "black Sparganium" (which is recorded in Kaibao materia medica), or "skin Sparganium". Sparganium is a perennial herb with a height of 70-150 cm. Rhizome transverse, apex globose tuberous. Stem acute triangular. The leaves are flat, linear, 20-30 cm long, 5-10 mm wide, and sheath like at the base. The long lateral branch cyme has 3-8 radial branches; each radial branch has 1-3 (～ 4) spikelets; the spikelets are oblong, 1-2 cm long, 6-8 (～ 10) mm wide; the scales are membranous, about 7 mm long, pubescent outside, with awn at the apex, 2-3 mm long; the setae are 6; the stamens are 3, the pistils are 1, and the stigmas are 3. Nutlets are triangular. It is nearly spherical or inverted conical in shape, about 3-4 cm in length and 2-3 cm in diameter. Its surface is dark brown or reddish brown, with wrinkles and few fibrous root marks; its appearance is similar to that of the above varieties; its quality is light and firm, its cross section is flat, yellow, with scattered vascular bundles; its air is weak, and its taste is light.

[chemical constituents] Sparganium Xiaohei contains 0.05% volatile oil.

Soak and soak Sparganium Sparganium in water. Vinegar Sparganium: soak the Sparganium in boiling water, add vinegar and cook until it is 50% or 60% transparent, stop adding water, stop heating, stay in the pot, suck up the rest of the soup, take it out, air it until there is no water on the skin, slice it and dry it in the sun. (100kg Sparganium sparganii, 30kg vinegar)

[flavor] bitter, pungent and smooth.

① Materia medica: Gan Ping, Wen. "

② "Rihuazi Materia Medica": "taste sweet and astringent, cool. "

③ Kaibao materia medica: "it tastes bitter, flat and nontoxic. "

④ Supplement to the meaning of materia medica: "hard work. "

[meridian tropism] into the liver. Spleen meridian.

① "Lei Gong's treatment of medicinal properties": entering the lung and spleen meridians. "

② According to the classic of Materia Medica, "entering the foot Jueyin, Taiyin. "

Functions and indications: breaking blood, promoting Qi, eliminating accumulation and relieving pain. It can be used to treat Baihuang accumulation, stagnation of Qi and blood, abdominal pain, hypochondriac distension, amenorrhea, postpartum blood stasis, abdominal pain and traumatic injury. The sore is swollen and hard.

① "Rihuazi materia medica:" it can cure women's irregular blood vessels, heart and abdominal pain, abortion, eliminate evil blood, tonify labor, menstruation, Qi distension, blood stasis, postpartum abdominal pain, blood circulation and persistent blood. "

② "Kaibao Materia Medica" says: "the old man is addicted to hundreds of lumps. "

③ "Medical Qiyuan": "the main heart diaphragmatic pain, diet does not eliminate, broken gas. "

④ Wang Haogu: "Tonggan Jingji blood.". It is hard to cure sore. "

[usage and dosage] oral administration: decoction, 1.5-3 yuan; or into pills, powder.

[should avoid] Qi deficiency, weakness, blood dryness, amenorrhea and pregnant women should not take it.

① Qiyuan of Medicine: "it's not necessary for people with Qi deficiency to break Qi and damage truth. "

② "Pinhuijingyao": "pregnancy is not acceptable. "

⑧ "To match the materia medica": "the blood is forbidden. "

[prescription selection] 1. To treat Baihuang: cut one stone of Sparganium, take five stones of water, boil one stone, remove the dregs, and fry three buckets. In the bronze ware, fry it in a heavy cauldron like thick sugar, and then take one dagger with one cup of wine, twice a day. (Qian Jin Yi Fang fried with Sparganium)

② It can cure five accumulation and six accumulation, seven hundred and eight sores, break all blood, and put down all Qi: rhubarb (simmer), borax, Sparganium (simmer heat, cut), dry lacquer (stir fry tobacco), Croton (peel, oil) each one or two. For the end, vinegar paste for the ball, such as mung bean big, each take three pills, or five pills, seven pills, the amount of people virtual and real add or subtract service, hollow rice soup. (Sanleng pill in medical qieqian)

③ For the treatment of women's and women's blood bed, menstruation is obstructed, and the knot under the umbilicus is as big as a cup. If they die for a long time, they will become blood poison: two pairs of Rhizoma sparganii and two pairs of pengshu, half of Yuanhua and half of Qingpi. File as big as beans, use a liter of vinegar, boil dry, bake for fine powder, vinegar paste for pills, such as Tong Yu Da, take 50 pills each time, use light vinegar soup before eating. (San Leng Jian Wan in Ji Sheng Fang)

④ Treatment of blood stasis, amenorrhea, small membranous pain: Sparganium three coins, angelica three coins, safflower one coin, five cents, Shengdi four coins. Take it in water. (Xinjiang Chinese herbal medicine manual)

⑤ One hundred pieces after treatment: jingsanleng (slightly simmer, file), Muxiang (half Liang), Naosha (third part) and Yuanhua (half Liang) and croton (one part). Apply the medicine and mash it at the end. Grind the first piece of Naosha and croton to make it even. Add two liters of rice vinegar and boil it in half. Add various medicines and boil it slowly to make it thick. That is to say, the pills are as big as mung beans. For each serving, add two pills in vinegar soup. (Sanleng pill in Sheng Hui Fang)

⑥ Treatment of food accumulation abdominal distension: Sparganium, semen Raphani each three money. Take it in water. (Xinjiang Chinese herbal medicine manual)

⑦ Treatment of chronic hepatitis or protracted hepatitis: Sparganium, Curcuma, angelica each three money, Red Peony four money, Danshen eight money, white grass root one or two, green skin three money. Take it in water. (Xinjiang Chinese herbal medicine manual).

Chinese PinYin : San Leng