The Northern Qi Dynasty
The Northern Qi Dynasty
The Northern Qi Dynasty (550-577) was a separate regime in the northern and Southern Dynasties of China. It was built by Gao Yang, the second son of Gao Huan, a powerful official in the Eastern Wei Dynasty, and its capital was Yecheng. Because the royal family name is Gao, it is also called Gaoqi. According to the Scriptures, Emperor Gaoyang, Emperor Gaoyin, Emperor Xiaozhao, Emperor Gaoyan, Emperor Wucheng, Emperor Gaozhan, Emperor Gaowei and Emperor gaoheng were conquered by the old enemy of the Northern Zhou Dynasty in 577.
After the death of Gao Huan, a powerful official in the Eastern Wei Dynasty, Gao Cheng, his eldest son, was assassinated by domestic slaves. His younger brother Gao Yang took over the throne and abolished the puppet emperor Xiaojing of the Eastern Wei Dynasty. In 550 (May 5th, Gengwu year), he became the emperor. The state name is Qi, Jianyuan Tianbao, and the capital is ye (from the north of Anyang City in Henan Province to the south of Linzhang County in Hebei Province), which is historically known as Northern Qi and Gaoqi.
The Northern Qi Dynasty inherited the territory controlled by the Eastern Wei Dynasty, occupying Hebei, Henan, Shandong, Shanxi, Northern Jiangsu and Northern Anhui in the lower reaches of the Yellow River. At the same time, there were Western Wei Dynasty, Northern Zhou Dynasty, Liang Dynasty and Chen Dynasty. After the third year of Tianbao (552), the Northern Qi attacked Kumoxi in the north, chased Qidan in the northeast and broke Rouran in the northwest, Pingshanhu (belonging to Hun nationality) in the west, Huainan in the south, and the power extended to the Yangtze River. At this time, the national strength of the Northern Qi reached its peak. Emperor Wu chengdi was fatuous and lustful, and the national strength of the Northern Qi Dynasty declined greatly. He died soon and was succeeded by the later leader Gao Wei. Gao Wei and his father were fatuous and lustful, and their state affairs were in chaos. He also killed the famous general Hu Luguang. Later, the Northern Qi Dynasty was conquered by Chen and died in the Northern Zhou Dynasty in 577.
The core of the Northern Qi Dynasty was mainly Liuzhen refugees and Guandong clans, whose military strength was relatively strong. Due to the fact that the refugees in Liuzhen were inclined to Xianbei culture and the rulers were Han people, Xianbei culture was mainly advocated in the Northern Qi Dynasty. The agriculture, salt and iron industry, and porcelain manufacturing industry of the Northern Qi Dynasty were quite developed, and they were the richest of the three countries in the Northern Zhou Dynasty. The Northern Qi Dynasty continued to carry out the equal field system, which was basically the same as that of the Northern Wei Dynasty, but also changed slightly.
National name
The national name of the Northern Qi Dynasty was originally“
Qi
”The title originated from Gao Yang. The Northern Qi Dynasty, built by Gao Yang, originally belonged to Qi. After Wei Dynasty became emperor, it took "Qi" as its national name. Because the Northern Qi Dynasty is located in the north, it has the same name as the Southern Qi Dynasty, so it is called the Northern Qi Dynasty“
The Northern Qi Dynasty
”。 At the same time
After Qi
、
Gao Qi
It's the name of a person.
history
Gao is good at Wei
Gao Huan was a powerful official of the Eastern Wei Dynasty and the actual founder of the Northern Qi Dynasty. He played a decisive role in the establishment of the Eastern Wei Dynasty. Gao Huan is deep and resourceful. Make good use of people, only talent is to do. They are strict in military management and happy to die. After destroying Er Zhu's family, who controlled Wei Zheng, he supported emperor Xiaowu of Northern Wei Dynasty. However, Emperor Xiaowu was unwilling to be controlled by him. He wanted to rely on Yu Wentai, who was in charge of long, to destroy Gao Huan. The plan failed and fled to Chang'an in the third year of Yongxi (534). Gao Huan established emperor Xiaojing yuan Shanjian in Luoyang and moved his capital to Yecheng for the Eastern Wei Dynasty. The next year, Yu Wentai killed emperor Xiaowu and established emperor Wendi yuanbaoju for the Western Wei Dynasty. The emperors of the eastern and Western Wei dynasties were actually puppets controlled by Gao Huan and Yu Wentai respectively.
Gao Cheng is Gao Huan's eldest son. After Gao Huan conquered Yecheng in 531, he became his son. After Gao Cheng arrived in Yecheng, Emperor Xiaojing appointed him as the commander of Shangshu and commander of the capital. Gao Cheng's decisiveness shocked people. In Yecheng Dynasty, sun Teng and others were defeated, and the officialdom atmosphere was improved.
After Gao Huan died, Gao Cheng was appointed by Emperor Xiaojing yuan Shanjian as envoy Chijie, prime minister, governor of all military affairs at home and abroad, recorder of books, Da Xingtai, successor to his father Bohai throne. Gao Cheng returned to Yecheng to pacify yuan Shanjian and the "rebellion" of the royalists, and put yuan Shanjian under house arrest.
Gao Cheng never paid attention to Emperor Xiaojing. Cui Jishu was instructed to be responsible for monitoring every move of the Wei emperor and reporting to him at any time. In April of the seventh year of Wuding in the Eastern Wei Dynasty (549), Gao Cheng received a special ceremony and was granted the title of king of Qi and prime minister. He paid homage to the unknown sword and walked up the hall. In August 549, Gao Cheng came to Yecheng again and invited his best friend to plot to usurp the throne. On the eighth day of August, Gao Cheng discussed with his confidants about accepting Zen. In order to prevent the secret from leaking, most of the guards were sent out. Its cook Lan Jing seizes this opportunity, waits for an opportunity to start, will Gao Cheng random knife chop to death.
The establishment of the Northern Qi Dynasty
Gao Yang is the second son of Gao Huan and the mother and brother of Gao Cheng. When he was a child, he was unsophisticated and taciturn. In fact, he was as intelligent as a fool. Although he was ridiculed or played with by his brother occasionally, his talent was appreciated by his father. After Gao Cheng was assassinated by Lan Jing in the seventh year of Wuding in the Eastern Wei Dynasty (549), Gao Yang firmly grasped the power. Yuan Shanjian, Emperor Xiaojing of the Eastern Wei Dynasty, had no choice but to appoint him prime minister and king of Qi. He planned to establish the state on behalf of Wei.
In May of the next year, Gao yangchan called Wei emperor, and the state name was Qi. He changed the Yuan Dynasty to Tianbao, which was called Northern Qi in history. During the reign of Gao Yang, the relationship between the Northern Qi Dynasty and the Northern Zhou Dynasty was relatively stable, so they were able to concentrate their forces and financial resources to expand to the north and south. After the third year of Tianbao (552), he went out of the fortress year after year to attack kumoshi and captured many people. Tianbao defeated Khitan four years ago, capturing more than 100000 people and millions of miscellaneous animals. Tianbao defeated Shanhu in the fifth year. Tianbao has been defeated Rouran for five to six years, building the Great Wall for more than 900 Li from Youzhou to Hengzhou. The capture of a large number of people and livestock helped to enhance the national strength of Northern Qi. After the rebellion of Hou Jing in the Southern Dynasty, Liang's power declined sharply. In the third year of Tianbao, the soldiers of the Northern Qi Dynasty reached the Yangtze River in the south. After that, he twice came to Jiankang city and was repulsed by Chen Baxian. However, his territory expanded to Huainan and finally reached the boundary of the Yangtze River with Chen Dynasty.
At the beginning of Gao Yang's reign, he was more cautious and controlled by the law. Although he was honored, his relatives were not tolerant, and his politics was clear, so people had to do their best. Most of the major military and national affairs are determined by themselves, and they are the targets of every battle. At that time, the agriculture, salt and iron industry, and porcelain manufacturing industry of the Northern Qi Dynasty were quite developed, and they were the richest of the three countries in the same period. A few years later, he became corrupt. He ignored the government all day long and indulged in wine and sex. He built three palaces in the capital ye, which was very luxurious. He spent 100000 people, which was extremely luxurious. In the later period of Gao Yang's reign, he oppressed the people more seriously. The corruption of the government and the decline of the national power have weakened the army day by day. In the Northern Qi Dynasty, there was a reaction to the policy of Sinicization since Emperor Xiaowen of Wei Dynasty. However, although he was fatuous and abusive, he could still appoint Han Scholars, such as Yang Min as Zaifu, "it really depends on Yan to maintain the rescue.". Therefore, there is a saying that "the master faints at the top and the government is clear at the bottom".
The corrupt life shortened Gao Yang's life. In the later period of his reign, he lived a wild life. Fortunately, zaichen and others presided over the government, so as not to subjugate the country. In 559, Gao Yang died at the age of 34. Temple name Xianzu, posthumous emperor Wenxuan.
Change of throne
Gao Yin (545-561), the eldest son of emperor Wenxuan, was abolished in the Northern Qi Dynasty. Her biological mother was queen Li. On his deathbed, Emperor Wen Xuan entrusted his sixth brother Gao Yan to take care of him, making Gao Yan a powerful man, which made him covet the throne. Finally, in 560, Gao Yan launched a coup. Gao Yin was deposed as king of Jinan and killed the next year at the age of 17.
Emperor Xiaozhao of the Northern Qi Dynasty, Gao Yan (535-561), was deep and intelligent. Gao Huan's six sons and his mother, Lou Zhaojun. Emperor Wen Xuan and his mother and brother. Gao Yan is good at political skills and is good at understanding the details of things; he began to participate in the court politics during the period of Tianbao, and his political experience gradually matured and enriched. Seeing the second elder brother emperor Wenxuan indulge in wine and sex, and the ministers follow suit, Gao Yan was full of sorrow and remonstrance from time to time. He had always been trusted by his elder brother, Emperor Wenxuan. On his deathbed, Emperor Wenxuan ordered Gao Yan to take care of Gao Yin. When the emperor was deposed, he was in charge of the government. In 560, Gao Yan launched a coup to abolish Gao Yin and ascend the throne of emperor. He was 26 years old at that time. During Gao Yan's reign, the emperor paid attention to political affairs, actively sought and appointed talents to serve the imperial court, cared about the people's livelihood, paid little attention to taxes, and issued an imperial edict to send ambassadors to patrol the provinces, observed customs, asked people's sufferings, and examined gains and losses. He went out of the Great Wall to fight for Kumoxi. He ran away and divided his troops to fight for Kumoxi. The year after he ascended the throne, Gao Yan died of a serious illness. In order to save his son Gao Bai Nian's life, he passed the throne to Gao Zhan, the ninth younger brother, King Guang.
Gao Zhan (537-568), Emperor Wucheng of the Northern Qi Dynasty, was a gentle and licentious man. He is Gao Huan's ninth son and his mother, Lou Zhaojun. Emperor Xiaozhao acted as his mother and brother. He was loved by his father when he was young. After the founding of the Northern Qi Dynasty, he was granted the title of King Changguang by Emperor Wenxuan. After emperor Xiaozhao succeeded to the throne, he was very flattered and trusted. Before long, Gao Yan was seriously ill. On his deathbed, in order not to let his son Gao Bai Nian fall into Gao Yin's fate, he advised him not to follow his own example and kill his nephew to succeed him. He decided to pass it on to his younger brother, but Gao Bainian was killed. In 561, Gao Zhan succeeded to the throne and changed his name to Taining. Emperor Wu chengdi was fatuous and incompetent. He indulged in beauty and didn't think about national affairs. Therefore, the Northern Qi Dynasty was in danger. In 565, it was said that he was located in Gaowei, the crown prince. He was the Emperor himself and died of excessive drinking and sex. He was 32 years old. His posthumous title is emperor Wucheng and his temple title is Shizu.
Flatter and flatter
The Northern Qi Dynasty was the Xianbei regime in the late Northern Dynasty. Most of the emperors in the Northern Qi Dynasty were fatuous and shameless. However, a large number of crafty people appeared in the imperial court, such as mutiva, heshikai, Gao anabrachi and so on. They monopolized the affairs and accelerated the corruption of the imperial government. The number of courtiers in the Northern Qi Dynasty is a prominent phenomenon in history. Whether he was dealing with state affairs in the outer court or entertaining guests in the inner court, Emperor Wu Cheng could not do without he Shikai. Heshikai either went to the palace for several months at a time, or went to the palace several times a day, or he was pardoned immediately after he was released. He was favored with each passing day. His actions and words were very contemptible. He only wanted to please Emperor Wu Cheng. There was no etiquette between the emperor and his officials. He once urged Emperor Wu Cheng to say: "since ancient times, emperors have been turned into ashes. What's the difference between Yao, Shun, Jie and Zhou? Your majesty, when you are young and strong,
Chinese PinYin : Bei Qi
