Huimin District, Hohhot City, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region

Huimin District, formerly known as Guisui Hui Autonomous Region, was founded on December 19, 1950. It is the urban area of China's first ethnic minority autonomous region. Huimin district is located in the northwest of Hohhot City, with a total area of 200 square kilometers, of which the urban area is 30 square kilometers. There are 23 ethnic groups, including Hui, Mongolian, Han and Manchu. It is a Hui inhabited area. It has jurisdiction over 7 streets and 1 town. In 2012, the total population of Huimin district was 400000, including more than 20000 Hui people.

In March 2019, it was announced by the Ministry of water resources as the first batch of water-saving society construction standard counties (districts).

Historical evolution

In Shun Dynasty, Huimin district and other areas of Hohhot were called "Bingzhou and hongwai", which was the residence of meat porridge people at that time. In the Xia, Shang and Zhou dynasties, Hohhot was now known as "Bingzhou" or "Jizhou". From the 21st century B.C., today's Hui nationality areas and other areas of Hohhot are nomadic areas of ethnic minorities in northern China. In about 300 BC, King Zhao Wuling of the Warring States period conquered the ethnic minorities "Linhu" and "Loufan" living in today's Hohhot area. Yunzhong county (today's ancient town of Tuoketuo county) was set up at the southern foot of Yinshan (Daqingshan) mountains. Today's Hui people's district belongs to Yunzhong county territory. King Zhao Wuling built the Great Wall along the southern foot of Yinshan Mountain to defend the nomads from going south. Today, some villages along Daqingshan in Huimin district still have the remains of Zhao Great Wall. after Qin Shihuang unified the six states, there were 36 counties in his territory. Yunzhong County in the former Zhao state was still one county, which managed most of today's Hohhot. Today's Hui people's district is under the jurisdiction of Yunzhong county. in the early Western Han Dynasty, the system of Qin Dynasty was inherited. Today, some areas of Hohhot are still called Yunzhong County, which belongs to Huimin district. During the Qin and Han Dynasties, the Xiongnu nationality in Mobei developed and grew up, and today Hohhot (including today's Hui people's district) became a place that the Han Dynasty and the Xiongnu regime had to contend for. In the last years of the Eastern Han Dynasty, the Tuoba tribe of Xianbei occupied the present Huhhot area. Later, the Tuoba tribe established the Northern Wei Dynasty and the Shengle capital city (today's Tuchengzi village of Helingeer County). Today's Huimin district is under the jurisdiction of Shengle city. Later, Wei moved its capital to Pingcheng (today's Datong in Shanxi Province), and settled Shengle capital to be subordinated to the Chile nationality of Wei. Therefore, today's Huhhot area is known as "chilechuan", and today's Hui people's area is within the boundary of chilechuan. By the middle of the 6th century, today's Hohhot area was once a place where Turks lived. Because there was Baidaokou in the North (now in the Hui people's area), today's Hohhot area was called "baidaochuan" in the Sui Dynasty. At the beginning of the Sui Dynasty, it defeated the Turks and set up Yulin Guan Guan Guan Guan Guan Guan Fu in today's Hohhot area. Soon it was changed into Yunzhou Guan Guan Guan Fu. In the first year of Daye of Sui Dynasty (AD 605), Yunzhou was changed into Dingxiang County, and now the Hui people's district is under the jurisdiction of Dingxiang County. in the Tang Dynasty, the Tang Dynasty successively set up Yunzhong Duhufu, also known as Chanyu Duhufu, in today's Hohhot area. Later, it was changed to dongshoujiang City, and today's Huimin district is its territory. During the period of Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms, the Qidan people occupied the present Huhhot area after they were strong. In 947 ad, the name of the country was changed to Liao, and Fengzhou was set up (the city is located in the north of Baita Village). The Hui people's district is the territory of Fengzhou, which is under the jurisdiction of Xijing road in Yunzhong Prefecture. In 1115 ad, the Nuzhen nationality established the state of Jin. In the Jin Dynasty, the Liao system was followed, and Xijing road was changed to Xijing road. Today, Huhhot is still called Fengzhou. Later, the state of Jin changed Fengzhou to Tiande general manager's office, which belongs to the Hui people. After the establishment of the Yuan Dynasty, the gold system was used. Today, Hohhot is still called Xijing road Fengzhou, which is under the jurisdiction of Datong Road, Zhongshu province. Today, the Hui people's district is Fengzhou district. At the beginning of the Ming Dynasty, in order to prevent the regime of the Northern Yuan Dynasty, the county system was changed and five guards were set up to the north of the Great Wall. During the Yongle period of the Ming Dynasty, its ruling forces moved to the south. In the orthodox period of Ming Dynasty, the military establishment to the north of the Great Wall was abandoned, which made today's Hohhot, which was called "fengzhoutan" at that time, become the pasture of the Mongolian Tumet tribe. Therefore, today's Hohhot area is called "tumechuan", and today's Hui Nationality Area is a part of tumechuan. Later, King Altan Khan of tumed tribe was appointed King Shunyi in 1571. In the sixth year of Longqing (1572 AD), Sanniangzi, the wife of Altan Khan, built a city in Yuquan District of Hohhot, which was called "kukuhetun" (Hohhot). In the third year of Wanli in the Ming Dynasty (1575 AD), the city wall was built, and the Ming Dynasty gave it the name of "Guihua city". Today, Huimin district is a territory of Guihua city. At the end of Ming Dynasty and the beginning of Qing Dynasty, Hohhot became a strategic area in the northwest of China, which was contested by the later Jin Dynasty, which was founded by Nuzhen tribe, and lindan Khan, who lived in Chahar tribe, the Mongolian leader in southern desert. In the seventh year of Chongzhen reign of emperor Sizong of Ming Dynasty and the eighth year of Tiancong reign of Emperor Taizong of later Jin Dynasty (1634 A.D.), the later Jin Dynasty unified the Inner Mongolia ministries, and lindan Khan died. In order to strengthen the management of today's Hohhot area, the Tumet part in today's Hohhot area was divided into left and right wings, with both left and right wings under unified management. Today's Huimin district is under the jurisdiction of the left wing. In 1644 ad, Emperor Shunzhi of Qing Dynasty replaced the rule of Ming Dynasty. In order to strengthen the management of Guihua City, in 1693 ad, the Qing Dynasty ordered Fei Yanggu to be the general of Anbei, who was stationed in Guihua city to be in charge of the capital, deputy capital and the training of officials and people. In the 36th year of Kangxi (1697 A.D.), Kangxi married the sixth daughter (DAPAI behavior 6, actually the fourth Princess) and princess shuokejing to dundobdorji, the son of tuxietuhan in the karkha tribe of Mongolia. The princess first lived in Qingshui River, then moved to Guihua City, and then moved to a princess's mansion which was built 5 kilometers north of Guihua city. In 1723 A.D., the military and civil affairs of Guihua city were divided. The deputy governor of Tumet in Guihua city was only responsible for the Mongolian civil affairs and military affairs, and the director Tongzhi of Guihua city was set up to be responsible for the civil affairs, which was under the jurisdiction of Datong Prefecture of Shanxi Province. In the seventh year of Yongzheng reign (1729 AD), the director of Guihua city changed to shuoping Prefecture of Shanxi Province. In 1735, the Qing Dynasty decided to build a new city 5 miles northeast of the original Guihua city as a garrison for the eight banners. On the eighth day of June in 1739 ad, Suiyuan city was completed. It lasted 2 years and 4 months. After the construction of Suiyuan City, it is called "new city" or "Manchuria city", and Guihua city is called "old city". After the completion of Suiyuan City, in order to ensure the military pay of the Eight Banners in Manchuria, the director Tongzhi Hall of Suiyuan city was added, also known as the director Tongzhi Hall of Suiyuan City, the grain and payment Tongzhi Hall of Suiyuan City, the grain and payment government (also known as the second government yamen) and the Suiyuan city hall. In the sixth year of Qianlong reign (1741 AD), Guisui road was set up in Guihua city. At first, it was called Guisui road for the Mongolian affairs of the banner people of Shanxi prime minister. Later, it was renamed Guisui road for Shanxi branch. Its functions and powers are the affairs of the banner people and Mongolia of the prime minister. It is subordinate to the governor of Shanxi Province. It has jurisdiction over the six departments of Guihua, Suiyuan, Tuoketuo, Helingeer, Qingshuihe and Salaqi (except Suiyuan City Department, the departments of Guihua, Tuo, he, Qing and SA are also called the five departments outside the mouth). It supervises the tax affairs of each department, handles the negotiations among the banner (Manchu), the people (Han) and the Mongols, and criminal litigation affairs. This is today's Hohhot At the beginning of the juxtaposition of the banner, the road and the hall, the Huimin district is under the jurisdiction of the Guihua hall. On February 12, 1912, the first year of the Republic of China, the Qing emperor abdicated. In April, the government of the Republic of China appointed personnel to take over the Guisui area, following the system of flag, road and Hall of the Qing Dynasty. In May, the organizational system was changed, Dao and Ting were abolished, banners and counties were set up, and Sui Dao was turned into the office of the observation envoy. The Guihua department was renamed Guihua county. in 1913, the guisuidao observation envoy was abolished. In the same year, tongzhiting, the director of grain and rates in Xincheng (formerly Suiyuan grain and rates Department), was abolished, and the original power was transferred to Guihua county. The old and new cities of Suiyuan and Guihua were formally merged and named Guisui county. In January 1914, the government of the Republic of China approved the establishment of the Suiyuan Special Administrative Region. In 1915, the government of the Republic of China ordered the establishment of suiyuandao between the administrative region and the county, with jurisdiction over eight counties within the administrative region. On July 1 of the same year, Suiyuan road was abolished, Daoyin office was changed into Suiyuan civil affairs department, and the system of military and civil affairs department was restored. In September of the same year, the office of Suiyuan Special Administrative Region was changed into Suiyuan temporary district government, and the provincial system was implemented. On January 1, 1929, the provincial government of Suiyuan was formally established, with four departments of civil affairs, finance, education and construction. In the same year, the governor of the county under the jurisdiction of the province was changed to the head of the county, and Guisui county was designated as the provincial capital (first level county). The county was divided into four districts. At that time, today's Hui people's district was under the jurisdiction of the first district. On October 14, 1937, the Japanese invaders occupied and returned to Suiyuan. On October 27 of the same year, demuchuk donglupu (King of Germany) established an autonomous government of the puppet Mongolian alliance with the support of Japanese Militarism; on the same day, Guisui City, the former capital of Suiyuan Province, was renamed Houhe Haote city. On January 10, 1938, Guisui county was renamed Bayan County by the autonomous government of the puppet Mongolian League; on August 1, 1938, Bayan County was abolished and merged with the urban area, which was generally called Houhe special city. In the 28th year of the Republic of China (1939 AD), on September 1, the word "special" was cancelled and renamed Houhe city. The Japanese puppet regime set up six towns in Houhe City, four towns in the old city, and today's Huimin district is within the scope of the fourth town. On August 15, 1945, Japan announced its unconditional surrender. On August 22, the Fu Zuoyi Department of the Kuomintang stationed in Guisui, and the Suiyuan provincial government stationed in the general's office in Xincheng to exercise jurisdiction over Suiyuan province. Houhe city was renamed Guisui City, and Guisui county was restored to separate from the city. At that time, the original six towns in Guisui city were changed into six districts. There were four districts in the old city, and now Huimin district is within the first district. Each district has its own office

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