Dehua County, Quanzhou City, Fujian Province

Dehua county is subordinate to Quanzhou City, Fujian Province. It is located in the middle of Fujian Province, northwest of Quanzhou City. County area of 2232 square kilometers, registered residence population of 354 thousand and 300, 216 administrative villages (community). By 2018, Dehua county has jurisdiction over 11 towns and 7 townships. County Government in XunZhong Town, 10 Fengchi street

After five dynasties, in the fourth year of Changxing in Tang Dynasty and the first year of MinLong (933), guidechang was separated from Yongtai County and Dehua county was established. In 1985, the city of Quanzhou was established in Jinjiang area, and Dehua county was under the jurisdiction of Quanzhou City. Dehua county is characterized by high terrain and complex terrain. The landform is mainly low and middle mountain, which belongs to the mid subtropical monsoon climate. The average temperature is 19.5 ℃, and the average annual frost free period is about 260 days.

In 1996, it was named "the hometown of Chinese ceramics" by the development research center of the State Council. In 2003, it was also named "the hometown of Chinese folk (ceramic) art" and "Dehua, the porcelain capital of China". In 2015, it was awarded the title of the first "ceramic capital of the world" by the United Nations World handicraft Council, and it was one of the three ancient porcelain capitals of China.

Dehua is the birthplace of China's ceramic culture and one of the three ancient porcelain capitals. More than 80% of ceramic products are exported to more than 190 countries and regions. It is one of the ten key export counties (cities) in Fujian Province and the largest production and export base of craft ceramics in China. It has successively won the titles of "ceramic capital of the world", "hometown of China's ceramics", "top 100 counties of China's e-commerce", "best eco-tourism County of China", "township of China's Small Hydropower", "Dehua, porcelain capital of China", "township of China's folk culture and art", "township of China's precocious pear", "township of China's Camellia oleifera" and "township of China's bamboo". China's top 100 summer leisure counties and cities in 2020.

In 2019, the county's GDP will reach 27.815 billion yuan, an increase of 8.5%

In May 2020, it will be selected into the demonstration list of new urbanization construction in the county.

History of construction

Before Dehua was founded, its territory was under the jurisdiction of Youxi County and Yongtai County.

During the reign of Zhengyuan in Tang Dynasty (785-795), guidechang was set up in Guiyi township of Yongtai County. The site is located in today's Dehua County, which is subordinate to Yongtai County and has taken shape of Dehua County.

After five dynasties, in the fourth year of Changxing in Tang Dynasty and the first year of MinLong (933), guidechang was separated from Yongtai County and Dehua county was established.

In the second year of Kaiyun in the later Jin Dynasty and the third year of Tiande in Fujian Province (945), Dehua county was subordinate to the eastern capital of Fujian (now Fuzhou).

In the second year of Qianyou in the later Han Dynasty and the seventh year of Baoda in the Southern Tang Dynasty (949), the two townships of jiechangping and Jincheng in Youxi County were under the jurisdiction of Dehua County. They belonged to the Qingyuan army of the Southern Tang Dynasty (now Quanzhou).

The Song Dynasty belonged to Qingyuan army, Pinghai Navy and Quanzhou.

Yuan, Quanzhou Road, Quanning Fu and Quanzhou province.

In Ming Dynasty, it belonged to Quanzhou Prefecture of Fujian Province.

Following the Ming system in the early Qing Dynasty, it was assigned to Zhili Prefecture in 1734, Fujian governor Si Yongchun.

During the period of the Republic of China, it was the fourth, sixth, seventh and ninth administrative supervision area of Fujian Xingquan Yongdao (South Road, Xiamen Road).

On November 24, 1949, Dehua was liberated, belonging to the seventh special area of Fujian Province (later renamed Yong'an special area).

In October 1950, it was assigned to Jinjiang District.

In 1971, Jinjiang area was renamed Jinjiang area.

In 1985, the city of Quanzhou in Jinjiang area was withdrawn and Dehua county was still under its jurisdiction.

administrative division

By 2018, Dehua county has 11 towns and 7 townships: XunZhong Town, Longxun Town, Sanban Town, Longmentan Town, Leifeng Town, Nancheng Town, Shuikou Town, Chishui Town, Gekeng Town, Shangyong Town, gaide Town, Meihu Town, Yangmei Town, Tangtou Town, Guiyang Town, Guobao Town, Daming town and Chunmei town.

geographical environment

Location context

Dehua county is located in the middle of Fujian Province, northwest of Quanzhou City, adjacent to Yongtai County of Fuzhou City and Xianyou County of Putian City in the East, Yongchun County of Quanzhou City in the south, Datian County of Sanming City in the West and Youxi County of Sanming City in the north. It is between 117 ° 55 ′ - 118 ° 32 ′ E and 25 ° 23 ′ - 25 ° 56 ′ n. The county is 62.1 kilometers long from east to west and 60.4 kilometers wide from north to south, with a total area of 2232.16 square kilometers.

topographic features

The terrain of the whole county is high and complex, with low and medium mountain areas as the main landform. The river, centered on Daiyun mountain, is distributed in vein shape and belongs to Minjiang River system and Jinjiang River system. In the territory, the mountains are continuous, mostly in the Northeast southwest direction, the valleys are incised violently, the canyons are very developed, and there are distinctive mountain scenery. There are occasionally Intermountain basins and valley terraces scattered among the mountains. Generally, the terrain is inclined slightly from the middle to the surrounding areas, and the gradient is layered. Daiyun mountain, the second highest mountain in Fujian Province, is located in the middle of China, with an altitude of 1856 meters. The lowest point is only 217 meters.

The central part of Dehua county is towering, gradually descending in a ladder shape, and the southeast is lower than the northwest. More than 75% of the villages in the county are above 600-900 meters above sea level. Among them, the mountains with an altitude of 800-1856 meters account for 39.24% of the total land area, about 1312900 mu, mainly distributed in Chishui, Shangyong, Guiyang, Gekeng, Tangtou, Daming, Leifeng, Nancheng and other townships; the mountains with an altitude of 500-800 meters account for 46.43% of the total land area, about 1553400 mu; the hills, basins and river valley terraces with an altitude of 217-500 meters only account for 14.3% of the total land area, mainly composed of land It is distributed in Leifeng, Xunzhong, Sanban and other towns.

climate

It has a mid subtropical marine monsoon climate with a frost free period of about 270 days. At the same time, due to the great difference in altitude and complex terrain, it also has the characteristics of large vertical climate change and prominent microclimate. The annual average temperature of Chengguan is 18.0 ℃, the average maximum temperature is 23.3 ℃, the average minimum temperature is 14.1 ℃; the average temperature of the hottest month (July) is 25.9 ℃, the extreme maximum temperature is 36.6 ℃; the average temperature of the coldest month (January) is 9.2 ℃, the annual average sunshine is 1802.4 hours, and the annual average frost free period is 270 days. The annual average precipitation is 1789.0 mm. In the spring rainy season (March to April), the average rainfall is 310mm, accounting for 17.3% of the annual rainfall; in the plum rainy season (May to June), the average rainfall is 557mm, accounting for 31.1%; in the typhoon thunderstorm rainy season (July to September), the average rainfall is 650mm, accounting for 36.3%; in the less rainy season (October to February), the average rainfall is 272mm, accounting for 15.2%. The annual maximum precipitation over the years is 2485.7mm (1961).

hydrology

The rivers in the area are distributed in vein shape around Daiyun mountain, belonging to Minjiang River system and Jinjiang River system. The total length of streams in the county is 495.06 km (the width of streams is more than 10 m), the density of river network is 0.222 km / km2, the annual runoff depth is 1000-1300 mm, and the total runoff is 2.295 billion cubic meters.

In the territory, there are 12 rivers with a rainfall collection area of 50 square kilometers and a length of more than 10 kilometers, including Chanxi, Yongxi, Dazhangxi and xiaoyouxi. Among them, Chanxi and Yongxi have the largest rainfall collection area, the longest river and the largest flow. There are Chanxi River and its tributaries Dingxi and Yingxi River in the urban area.

Chanxi: located in the upstream of Dazhang River, with a total length of 101 km, is the longest river in the territory. Originating from the south slope of Daiyun mountain, Yongkou, which encircles the southeastern part of the county to Huban village of Shuikou Township, converges with another major river, Yongxi, which encircles the northern part of the county. It flows into Minjiang River through Yongtai and Minhou, with a drainage area of 958 square kilometers, an average River gradient of 6.5 ‰, and an average annual runoff of 1.172 billion cubic meters. It is the main water source for Dehua County.

Dingxi: it originates at the foot of snow mountain in gaide Township, flows through Fuyang, Youji, Yingshan, Dinglong, Dingxi village to Chanxi in front of the county government, with a drainage area of 35 square kilometers. The length of the river is 13.4 km, and the average riverbed slope is 31.88%.

Yingxi River: it originates at the foot of Jinji mountain after Gezai in XunZhong Town, flows through fairyland, Longhan and the south of Xunzhong village, and flows into Chanxi river. The drainage area is 17 square kilometers, the river length is 8.6 kilometers, and the average riverbed slope is 44.16 ‰.

natural resources

plant resources

There are 2.507 million mu of forest land, 77.3% of which is the first in the city: the forest volume is 10.382 million cubic meters. It accounts for 51% of the total forest in Quanzhou. The county has 155 power stations with a total installed capacity of 247700 kilowatts. The installed capacity of small hydropower is in the forefront of China and has been awarded the honorary title of "the hometown of small hydropower in China".

Due to its vertical climate characteristics, there are 864 species of vascular plants; the national rare plants are Pinus tabulaeformis, Ginkgo biloba, Taxus chinensis var. mairei, golden dog, spinulosa spinulosa, Liriodendron chinense, palm tree, Fokienia hodginsii, camphor tree, red bean tree; the provincial key protected plants are Keteleeria fortunei, Keteleeria fortunei, Cyclobalanopsis glauca, Phyllostachys fukiensis, Tsuga longpaoensis, Dalbergia, etc. In addition, there are orchids, azaleas, camellia.

Animal resources

The national rare animals include boa constrictor, clouded leopard, yellow bellied horned pheasant, tiger frog, Sumen antelope, macaque, pangolin, otter, crested deer, black bear, golden cat, big Ling cat, little Ling cat, snake carving, Silver Pheasant, mandarin duck, salamander, hummingbird, etc.; the provincial rare animals include brown flying squirrel, big headed flat breasted turtle, spiny breasted frog, etc.; the high economic value animals include turtle, snail, etc.

mineral resources

Rich in mineral resources, with kaolin, coal, limestone, peat, pyrophyllite, gold, copper, tungsten, manganese and other mineral deposits more than 40.

Population nationality

According to the data of the fifth census, the total population is 302000, among which the population of each township is 46126 in XunZhong Town, 84494 in Longxun Town, 17675 in Sanban Town, 10006 in Longmentan town and 118 in Leifeng town

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