Yingmeng Temple

Yingmeng Temple site is located at the top of jinjiapu north mountain, Zhangshanying Town, Yanqing County, about 18 kilometers away from Yanqing County. It is a cultural relic protection unit at the county level.

The site has been dilapidated for many years, and its surface is covered with weeds and shrubs. In order to cooperate with the reconstruction project of yingmeng temple, with the approval of the State Administration of cultural relics, from February 10 to March 10, 2009, Beijing Institute of cultural relics and Yanqing County Institute of cultural relics carried out archaeological excavation work on the site of yingmeng temple.

Yingmeng temple is built on the mountain. Its main hall area and Yizhong courtyard area are high in the north and low in the south. The clearing area is about 51 meters long from east to west and 41 meters wide from north to South (the main hall area is 21 meters wide and the Yizhong courtyard area is 20 meters wide, figure 1). The total excavation area is about 2100 square meters. Among them, the main hall is about 1070 square meters, the first courtyard is about 950 square meters, and the step cleaning area is about 80 square meters.

After nearly three years of restoration, the restoration project of yingmeng temple, a famous temple built in Liao Dynasty, is coming to an end and will meet with tourists in October 2011. After the restoration of this millennium old temple, it will appear as a Sanjin courtyard in Ming Dynasty style. The whole building complex is built on the original site in accordance with the original system, with compact structure, orderly arrangement, solemn atmosphere and flexible feeling

Yingmeng Temple

Yingmeng Temple site is located at the top of jinjiapu north mountain, Zhangshanying Town, Yanqing County, about 18 kilometers away from Yanqing County. It is a cultural relic protection unit at the county level. The GPS data of the site is 40 ° 31 ′ 36 "n, 115 ° 55 ′ 04" E, and the altitude is 1005m. The vertical height difference between the site and the foot of the mountain is about 515 meters.

brief introduction

The site has been dilapidated for many years, and its surface is covered with weeds and shrubs. In order to cooperate with the reconstruction project of yingmeng temple, with the approval of the State Administration of cultural relics, from February 10 to March 10, 2009, Beijing Institute of cultural relics and Yanqing County Institute of cultural relics carried out archaeological excavation work on the site of yingmeng temple.

Yingmeng temple is built on the mountain. Its main hall area and Yizhong courtyard area are high in the north and low in the south. The clearing area is about 51 meters long from east to west and 41 meters wide from north to South (the main hall area is 21 meters wide and the Yizhong courtyard area is 20 meters wide, figure 1). The total excavation area is about 2100 square meters. Among them, the main hall is about 1070 square meters, the first courtyard is about 950 square meters, and the step cleaning area is about 80 square meters.

After nearly three years of restoration, the restoration project of yingmeng temple, a famous temple built in Liao Dynasty, is coming to an end and will meet with tourists in October 2011. After the restoration of this millennium old temple, it will appear as a Sanjin courtyard in Ming Dynasty style. The whole building complex is built on the original site according to the original system, with compact structure, well arranged, solemn atmosphere and flexible feeling.

ruins

Nine architectural sites were excavated, including three main halls, one drum tower and four house sites in the main hall area, and one heavenly king hall in the first courtyard. In addition, the clock tower and other relics have been completely destroyed. In the process of excavation, a large number of brick, tile and other building components were unearthed. The following is an illustration of the heavenly king hall, the main hall and the West Hall.

09yy Tianwang Hall: the hall is located in a heavy courtyard of the temple site, 12.8 meters away from the 1 Platform of the main hall in the north. The direction is 180, the plane is rectangular and faces south. It consists of three parts: steps, platform and main hall (Fig. 2; plate 1).

Steps: located in the central and southern part of the front platform, the slope is 3 meters long and 3.5 meters wide from east to west. The remaining four steps, from bottom to top, are: the first step is 0.66M wide and 0.2m high; the second step is 0.7m wide and 0.2m high; the third step is 0.8m wide and 0.25m high; the fourth step is 0.8m wide and 0.25m high. A small amount of stone remains on some steps, so it is speculated that the steps should be made of stone. The north end of the steps is connected with the front platform of the hall.

Front platform: located in the south of the main hall, it is 9.8 meters long from east to west and 3.09 meters wide from north to south. The platform surface is 0.9 meters high from the ground, and the north end is connected with the main hall.

Main hall: it is located in the north of the platform in front of the hall. The north wall is 12.8 meters away from the platform 1 of the hall. It is east-west, 5.35 meters deep, three rooms wide and 9.8 meters wide. According to the excavation, the north wall is 0.5m wide, the south wall is 0.65M wide, and the East and west walls are 0.6m wide. There is no sandwich wall in the hall. The foundation of the four walls is built with stone staggered joints, and mud is mixed in the stone joints. In the East, West and south, only the foundation of the wall remains, while in the north, there are a few walls, which are 0.6-1.1 meters high. The bottom of the wall is laid with five layers of flat bricks along the direction of staggered joints. The middle of the brick is laid with residual bricks and stones. The upper part of the flat brick is built with stones or residual bricks mixed with mud. The masonry method of residual bricks is inclined and laid in a herringbone shape. The inner and outer sides of the wall are plastered with mud.

There is a door in the middle of the wall with a width of 1.2 meters, and a gate pier with a length of 0.5 meters, a width of 0.22 meters and a thickness of 0.22 meters on both sides of the door. There is a door socket 0.06 m in diameter and 0.03 m in depth on the upper part of the two door piers, and a groove 0.12 m in width and 0.06 m in depth on the north of the door socket to reinforce the door frame. The East and west gate piers are sandwiched with a layer of flat brick and a layer of vertical brick to form a plane with the gate pier.

On both sides of the hall, there is a 4.2-meter-long Buddha statue platform in the north-south direction, 0.9-meter-wide in the East, 0.7-meter-wide in the west, and 0.8-meter-high on both sides. The edge of the platform is laid with flat bricks, the outer side of the brick edge is coated with lime, and the brick edge is built with stones. There is a small platform with a height of 0.12 meters inside each of the two platforms. The East platform is 4.2 meters long from north to South and 0.85 meters wide from east to west; the West platform is 4.2 meters long from north to South and 0.7 meters wide from east to west. The surface of the platform is smooth and there are traces of white dust. It may be used for worshiping Buddha statues.

In the south wall, a row of pillar stones, a total of four, were cleared. According to the arrangement rules, it is inferred that the main hall is a three room building with a wide face. The width of the Ming Dynasty is 3.4 meters, and the width of the two periods is 2.9 meters. The size of the pillar base stone is 0.6-0.7 meters long, 0.6 meters wide and 0.2 meters thick.

Most of the floor tiles in the hall are residual bricks. The paving method is that the East, West and north sides are paved with a row of parallel bricks, and the middle is paved with residual bricks in the east-west direction. The brick laying specifications are 0.32 × 0.16 × 0.06m and 0.36 × 0.18 × 0.06m. The inside of the hall is formed by the accumulation of ruins after the collapse of houses, including residual bricks, stones and other objects.

Main hall: the hall is located in the north central part of the excavation area, adjacent to F3 in the East and F1 in the West. The direction is 180, the plane is rectangular, facing south, 10.5 meters wide and 6 meters deep. It is composed of North foundation, South foundation, Buddha platform, corridor and platform (Fig. 3 and Fig. 2).

The North foundation is 0.5 m wide and the remaining height is 1.7-2 M. the lower part is made of stone, the inner part of the upper part is made of herringbone brick, and the outer part is made of green brick and lime. There are two column holes in the middle of the inner side of the foundation, which are round, with a diameter of 0.3m and a spacing of 3.2m.

The width of the East foundation is 0.6m, the south only remains the bottom stone, and the north is 0.85m high. The lower part is built with stone, and the upper part is built with green brick and white ash.

The West foundation is 0.6 m wide and the remaining height is 0.5-1.7 M. the lower part is made of stone, the upper part is made of green brick with white ash staggered joint, and the inner side of the foundation is made of green brick upward in herringbone shape.

The South foundation is 0.5m wide and the remaining height is 0.06-0.75m. In the middle and East and west sides of the South foundation, there are four pillar stones, which are oval in shape and 0.58M in diameter. The distance between the two pillars in the East is 3.5m, the distance between the two pillars in the west is 3.5m, and the distance between the two pillars in the middle is 3.2m.

In the north of the hall, there is a brick xumizuo Buddha platform. The platform is rectangular, 9.3 meters long, 2.3 meters wide and 0.8 meters high. Guijiao is 0.12 meters thick, Xiafang is 0.06 meters thick, Xiaxiao is 0.06 meters thick, waist is 0.34 meters thick, Shangxiao is 0.06 meters thick, Shangfang is 0.06 meters thick.

There is a Buddha seat in the middle, East and west of the platform. The middle Buddha seat has been destroyed to the bottom, and the East and West Buddha seats are well preserved. The eastern Buddha seat is rectangular, 1.5 meters long from east to west, 1.18 meters wide from north to south, and 0.55 meters high. It is made of green bricks with staggered joints and is 1 meter away from the eastern foundation. There is a stone Buddha statue in the south of the Buddha seat, 0.9 meters high, cross legged in the lotus seat, hands crossed (plate 3). The west side of the Buddha seat is rectangular, 1.3 meters long from east to west, 1.1 meters wide from north to south, and 0.5 meters high. It is made of green bricks with staggered joints and is 1.1 meters away from the West foundation. In the south of the Buddha seat, there is a stone incomplete headless Buddha statue, with a height of 0.7 meters. It is cross legged in the lotus seat and hands crossed. The central Buddha seat is rectangular, 2.05 meters long from east to west and 1.1 meters wide from north to south, leaving only traces at the bottom.

In the East and west sides of the hall, there is a Buddha platform respectively. The eastern Buddha platform is in the shape of "'", the upper part in the North has been destroyed, and the middle part has been destroyed to the bottom. It is 5 meters long from the north to the south, 0.5-2.9 meters wide from the east to the west, and 0.3 meters higher than the northern Buddha platform. The western fotai, in the shape of a 'shape, is 5 meters long from north to South and 0.5-3 meters wide from east to west, which is 0.3 meters higher than the northern fotai. It is built with green brick and soil staggered joints. In the northern part of the fotai, there are three clay Buddha statues left in the lower part

Chinese PinYin : Ying Meng Si