The prince's residence of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom

Located in Jiufang lane, Jinhua City, Zhejiang Province, Taiping Heavenly Kingdom palace was the military command post of Taiping Heavenly Kingdom palace in Zhejiang Province. Li Shixian (1834-1865) was born in Tengxian County, Guangxi Province. He was an important general in the later period of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom. He was the cousin of Li Xiucheng, the loyal king of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom. In 1861, he marched from Anhui and Jiangxi to Zhejiang, conquered Jinhua, and built the Imperial Palace on the former site of the former examination institute and qianhusuo. In the Yuan Dynasty, it was the Xuanwei Department of eastern Zhejiang Province. In the early Ming Dynasty, it was the residence of Zhu Yuanzhang. In the Qing Dynasty, it was changed into an examination institution. In 1963, the memorial hall of Prince Shi of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom was built here. After many times of maintenance, it is divided into three parts: Palace, residence and garden, with a total area of 24000 square meters and a construction area of more than 3000 square meters. The main building is the main hall (Conference Hall), the second Hall and the back hall (also known as naihanxuan). The palace was divided into two courtyards, the East and the West. The existing buildings of Dongyuan include Zhaobi, main hall, back hall, cold resistant Pavilion, etc. Zhaobi is about 6 meters high and 17 meters wide, with many dragon and phoenix patterns carved in stone or brick. Zhaobi was built by the Taiping army, and the rest of the buildings were rebuilt from the buildings of the test institute. They were all office buildings with hard hilltops and brick and wood structures. The main hall, also known as the "assembly hall", has a width of five rooms, and is the place where Li Shixian held important military meetings at that time. The West courtyard is the residence of the prince's residence, which has four entrances: after entering the hall, there is a long corridor connected with the front hall, the front hall is Li Shixian's office, and the two sides are gardens; the middle hall of the second entrance building is the most exquisite of all buildings, which is the office of the prince; the third entrance building is the residence of the prince; the fourth entrance building is a building, which is the residence of the prince's subordinates and guards. There are a lot of murals, Liang Fang's color paintings, wood, stone and brick carvings in the first and second entrance buildings of the West courtyard, and murals such as "barracks", "fishing in four seasons" and "firewood cutting" in the middle hall of the second entrance, which show the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom system, war and folk traditions of fishing, firewood, farming and reading.

The prince's residence of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom

Located in Jiufang lane, Jinhua City, Zhejiang Province, the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom palace was the military command post of Li Shixian, the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom palace in Zhejiang Province. It was built in 1861. It is one of the most complete and large-scale existing Taiping Heavenly Kingdom buildings in China, with the largest number of murals and other works of art. Prince Shi's mansion of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom is a national key cultural relic protection unit.

brief introduction

Site of King Shiwang's residence of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, referred to as Shiwang's residence. Located at 52-3 Jiufang lane, East gulouli, Wucheng District, Jinhua City, it used to be the residence of Li Shixian, the prince of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom. It was built in 1861. It is the most complete and large-scale existing Taiping Heavenly Kingdom architecture in China, with the most murals and other works of art. It is extremely rare. There are three treasures in the palace: tuanlong, murals and two ancient cypresses. In 1988, it was listed as the third batch of national key cultural relics protection units. In 1998, it was named the provincial patriotism education base by Zhejiang provincial Party committee and government. Now it is open to the outside world as the "Memorial Hall of Prince Shi of Taiping Heavenly Kingdom".

Li Shixian (1834-1865), a native of Dali Township, Tengxian County, Guangxi Province, was the cousin of Li Xiucheng, the loyal king, and an important general in the later period of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom. He was appointed as the prince in 1860. In 1861, he marched from Anhui and Jiangxi into Zhejiang. On May 28, he led the Taiping army to conquer Jinhua, and then established the Zhejiang base of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom with Jinhua as the center. Shiwang mansion was the command center of Li Shixian in Zhejiang.

pattern

Shiwang mansion has a large scale, which is composed of four parts: Palace, residence, garden and logistics. It is adjacent to the broad training ground, with a total area of 63000 square meters. The existing building area is more than 3000 square meters. The main building is the main hall (Conference Hall), the second Hall and the back hall (also known as naihanxuan). The palace was divided into two courtyards, the East and the West. The existing buildings of Dongyuan include Zhaobi, main hall, back hall, cold resistant Pavilion, etc. Zhaobi is about 6 meters high and 17 meters wide, with many dragon and phoenix patterns carved in stone or brick. Zhaobi was built by the Taiping army, and the rest of the buildings were rebuilt from the buildings of the test institute. They were all office buildings with hard hilltops and brick and wood structures. The main hall, also known as the "assembly hall", has a width of five rooms, and is the place where Li Shixian held important military meetings at that time.

The West courtyard is the residence of the prince's residence, which has four entrances: after entering the hall, there is a long corridor connected with the front hall, the front hall is Li Shixian's office, and the two sides are gardens; the middle hall of the second entrance building is the most exquisite of all buildings, which is the office of the prince; the third entrance building is the residence of the prince; the fourth entrance building is a building, which is the residence of the prince's subordinates and guards. There are a lot of murals, Liang Fang's color paintings, wood, stone and brick carvings in the first and second entrance buildings of the West courtyard, and murals such as "barracks", "fishing in four seasons" and "firewood cutting" in the middle hall of the second entrance, which show the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom system, war and folk traditions of fishing, firewood, farming and reading.

Shiwang mansion was originally the seat of the state government in the Tang and Song dynasties. It was the Xuanwei department in the Yuan Dynasty, and Zhu Yuanzhang once lived here at the end of the Yuan Dynasty. In the Ming Dynasty, it was the imperial censor's platform, and in the Qing Dynasty, it was the court of examiners. After the Taiping army conquered Jinhua, they called together craftsmen to repair it, and built many houses in the original thousand houses. The whole building is divided into four parts: Palace, residence, garden and logistics, adjacent to the broad training ground, covering a total area of more than 63000 square meters. Now the original building area is more than 3000 square meters.

After the withdrawal of the Taiping army from Jinhua in 1863, although the palace was destroyed, it kept its original appearance. At present, the Royal Palace of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom is divided into two chambers. The main body of the east courtyard is the main hall. The screen wall in front of the gate, about 6 meters high and 17 meters wide, is inlaid with groups of symmetrical and exquisite brick and stone carvings on both sides. It is the only screen wall left by the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom. After the main hall is the second Hall and the cold resistant Hall (the third Hall). The hall, 27.65 meters wide and 16 meters deep, is the assembly hall of the leaders of the Taiping army. The diameter of the garden columns is more than one arm. All the walls, beams and columns are painted with various murals and color paintings, which is very magnificent. At the critical moment of Anti Japanese war in 1939, Premier Zhou Enlai made an important Anti Japanese War speech here. The West courtyard is mainly residential buildings with a total of four entrances. There is a long corridor between the two entrances, forming an I-shape, which is the same as the I-shape of the main hall of the east courtyard and the second hall, which is a major feature of the architecture of the palace of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom. According to legend, the two entrances and three entrances are the Office address and residence of Li Shixian. It is said that Sijin is the residence of the royal guards. The walls and racks are full of murals and color paintings, especially the woodcutter's picking on thorns, four seasons fishing and watchtower barracks. The two thousand year old cypresses in front of the cold resistant pavilion are said to have been planted by Qian Mu, king of Wu and Yue in the Five Dynasties. After more than 1100 years, they are now known as "living cultural relics" because their trunks are slanting and their branches and leaves point to the sky. The open space in the southwest of the West courtyard hall was the training ground of that year. The earth mound to the north of the fourth entrance is the watchtower site.

Sculpture collection

Shiwangfu is the art treasure house of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom. By the end of 1983, 11 stone and brick carvings, 526 wood carvings, 9 murals, 407 color paintings and countless patterns have been found. These works of art are in harmony with the architectural style of the whole shiwangfu. They not only have high artistic value, but also are valuable materials for studying the revolutionary history of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom. The number of murals and color paintings in Shiwang mansion is the largest in China, more than the total number of murals and color paintings preserved in the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom sites all over the country.

Tuanlong is one of the most precious cultural relics in the period of Taiping Heavenly Kingdom. Tuanlong was originally embedded in the center of the wall of the east courtyard of Shiwang mansion.

The stone used by tuanlong is delicate, and the combination of the micro carving with the Jinhua carving technology makes the whole sculpture rich in culture and solemn. Tuanlong has a diameter of 1.20 meters. Five flying bats are carved on the ring frame. The dragon's claws are strong and the fireball soars into the clouds. It seems that it is ready to fly. Tuanlong's exquisite craftsmanship has been introduced all over the world.

mural

In the spring of 1861 (the 11th year of Xianfeng), Li Shixian led the Taiping army to march into Zhejiang from Anhui and Jiangxi. After conquering Jinhua, he occupied the area and built the prince's residence as the supreme military command center of Taiping Army in Zhejiang. The main hall is the office of the prince. The walls, beams, columns, brackets and ceiling of the main hall are decorated with color paintings and murals. Almost everything is painted, which makes the wonderful paintings melt into the architecture. The walls and beams of the fourth entrance of the West courtyard of the prince Shi's residence are full of murals and colored paintings, especially the woodcutter's picking on thorns, four seasons fishing and watchtower barracks.

The four seasons of summer, winter, spring and autumn are respectively arranged on the left and right walls of the main hall of Shiwang mansion. On the left are the pictures of summer fishing and winter fishing, and on the right are the pictures of spring fishing and autumn fishing.

Fishing in summer

The picture shows the beautiful mountains and slopes in the south of the Yangtze River. On the surface of the river, a few fishing boats are moored leisurely and quietly. Fishermen and cormorants are fishing in the light blue water. Not far away, there are fishing boats coming to "fight". On the wooden bridge on the shore, a fisherman is walking with two baskets of fresh fish. Some fishermen are preparing to cook the fish they just caught. Some are raising their hands to wipe their sleeves, and some are breaking the fish

Chinese PinYin : Tai Ping Tian Guo Shi Wang Fu