centipede

centipede

(Ben Jing)

[synonyms] Wuzhi (Zhuangzi), Wugong (Guangya), Tianlong (Gangmu), Baijiao (Pharmacology), aogaomu (Dynasty name).

[source] it is the dried whole worm of the giant centipede or its related animals.

[animal morphology] Scolopendra paucifera

The body is flat and long, consisting of 22 homomorphic links, about 6-16 cm in length and 5-11 mm in width. The head is reddish brown; the head plate is nearly round, and the front end is narrow and protruding, about twice as long as the first back plate. The head plate and the first backplane are golden yellow, with 1 pair of antennae, 17 nodes and 6 nodes at the base. There are 4 pairs of monocular, 1 pair of mandible limbs on the ventral surface of the head with poisonous hooks, 1 spur shaped protrusion on the inner side of the base segment of the mandible limb with 4 teeth on it, and 5 teeth on the front end of the tooth plate of the mandible limb. The body is dark green from the second backplane, and the end plate is yellowish brown. There are two longitudinal grooves in the dorsal plate from the 2nd to the 19th segments, and the dorsal plate of the 2nd, 4th, 6th, 9th, 11th, 13th, 15th, 17th and 19th segments is shorter; the web and walking limbs are light yellow, with 21 pairs of walking limbs, black foot ends and claw like tips; there are two sharp spines at the end of the lateral plate of the base of the last pair of appendages, two spines at the ventral side of the forelegs of the same limb, one spines at the medial side and one to three spines at the dorsal side.

Inhabiting damp and dark places; carnivorous. Most of them are distributed all over the country.

[collection] from April to June, after catching, use bamboo slices with sharp ends, insert them into the head and tail, and dry them in the sun; or blanch them with boiling water, and then dry or dry them in the sun. In some areas, chicken feathers and bones are buried in wet and shady places in winter to lure centipedes to lay eggs here and catch them in the next spring.

[medicinal materials] the dried whole worm is in the shape of flat strip, about 9-16 cm long and 5-10 mm wide. The head is reddish brown, the back is black green, glossy, and has two raised edges. The abdomen is brown yellow and shrunken. The foot is yellow or reddish brown, curved backward, and the last segment is spiny. The head and tail have holes for machining. There are cracks or voids in the section. It is slightly fishy and has a special pungent odor; it tastes pungent and slightly salty. Dry body, long length, red head, red brown feet, black and green body, complete head and feet are the best.

It is mainly produced in Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Hubei, Hunan, Anhui, Henan, Shaanxi and other places.

[chemical composition] it contains two toxic components similar to bee venom, namely histamine like substance and hemolytic protein; it also contains fatty oil, cholesterol, formic acid, etc. The amino acids are histidine, arginine, ornithine, lysine, glycine, alanine, valine, leucine, phenylalanine, serine, taurine and glutamic acid.

The blood protein of Scolopendra morsitans L. can be divided into five parts in electrophoresis: the first part is similar to human serum albumin, the second part is α 1-globulin, the third part is α 2-globulin, the fourth part is γ - globulin, and the fifth part is different from human. Moreover, the blood of Scolopendra morsitans L. does not contain fibrinogen like substance, so it cannot be coagulated.

[pharmacological action] 1. Anti tumor effect

Centipede leech injection can make the spermatogonia of mice necrotic and disappear, which shows that it has inhibitory effect on tumor cells; taking advantage of the characteristics that dead cancer cells are easy to be stained by low concentration of eosin, in vitro experiments show that centipede leech injection has positive staining rate on cancer cells. The inhibition rate of leech centipede on hepatoma in mice was 26%, which belonged to micro effect and enhanced the function of reticuloendothelial cells. However, long-term application of leech centipede could damage the liver. Huaai Dan (including laminaria, seaweed, Gentianaceae, scorpion, centipede, vinegar fried rice, etc.) has inhibitory effect on Ehrlich ascites cancer in mice, and the effect is better by gavage than by drug mixed with feed.

② Antispasmodic effect

Zhijing powder (scorpion, centipede) 1 g per day for 1, 3, 9 days, had antagonism on convulsion induced by half convulsion dose of cardazol, strychnine and pure nicotine in mice. At the same dose, centipede had higher convulsion potency than scorpion, but had no effect on convulsion induced by cocaine hydrochloride.

③ Antifungal effect

Centipede water extract (1:4) can inhibit Trichophyton violaceus, Xanthomonas schrenkiani, blastomycosis auduensis, Epidermophyton inguinalis, Epidermophyton rubrum, blastomycosis compactum and other skin fungi in different degrees in vitro.

[processing] centipede: wipe clean, remove head and foot, cut off. Wine roasted centipede: remove the centipede slip, break, wine run, low fire baking.

① "Lei Gong Paozhi Lun" says: "for centipedes, first stir fry them in earthen utensils with wood powder or willow moth powder. After the wood powder is scorched, remove the wood powder, remove the foot and nail. "

② The Compendium: "today's people only use fire to burn, remove head and foot, or remove tail and foot, and use mint leaf fire to simmer.". "

It is pungent, warm and poisonous.

① Ben Jing: "it tastes pungent and warm. "

② Bielu: "poisonous. "

③ Yuluoyaojie: "it tastes pungent and slightly warm. "

[Guijing] into the liver meridian.

① "Jueyin classic" in the compendium. "

② Yilin zuanyao: "into the liver, heart. "

Functions and indications: dispelling wind, calming shock, attacking poison and dispersing knots. It is used to treat apoplexy, convulsion, tetanus, pertussis, scrofula, tuberculosis, tumor mass, sore, swelling, tinea rubra, alopecia, hemorrhoids, scald.

① Ben Jing: "I mainly eat snake, insect and fish venom, warm malaria, and get rid of three insects. "

② Baopuzi: "in the end, to treat snake sores. "

③ Bielu: "treat the cold and heat in the heart and abdomen, get together, have abortion, and get rid of evil blood. "

④ Rihuazi materia medica: "cure all kinds of addictions. Snake venom. "

⑤ "Compendium": "it is used to treat infantile convulsion, wind convulsion, umbilical wind, mouth silence, erysipelas, alopecia, scrofula, stool poison, hemorrhoids and hemorrhoids, snake fever, snake miasma and snake wound. "

⑥ "Treatise on Pandora" in Materia Medica. "

⑦ "Yucatalpa medicine solution": "purulent detumescence. "

[usage and dosage] oral administration: decoction, 0.5 ~ 1.5 money, or into pills, powder. External use: grind and apply.

[should avoid] pregnant women should not take it.

① The original meaning of "fear of slugs". "

② "Gangmu": "fear of spiders, chicken excrement, mulberry skin, white salt. "

③ According to the classic of Materia Medica, "children's fever is slow and their mouth is silent. Adult's warm malaria is not caused by the haze and miasma. The accumulation in the heart is not caused by insects and snakebite. The stool poison or pus will break up, and the salt is taboo. "

[prescription selection] 1. For the treatment of apoplexy and wind stroke after injury: Six coins of shengjianqi, four coins of angelica, two coins of notopterygium, two coins of Duhuo, two coins of scorpion and two big ones of centipede. Fried soup. (Zhufeng Decoction in Zhongshen Xilu of Medicine)

② Treatment of mouth and eye deviation. Mouth Numb: Centipede three (a honey, a wine, a paper wrapped simmer, and go wrong), a star, cut into four (a honey, a wine, a paper wrapped simmer, life use), pinellia, angelica five money each. Pass for the end, into the musk deer a little. Each service one money, ripe (wine) modulation, a day service. (the essential law of the World Medical Association)

③ Treatment of central air hole deviation: a centipede. Roasted and ground, pig bile applied to the affected area (Jilin Chinese herbal medicine)

④ Treatment of convulsion and epilepsy: centipede and scorpion are equally divided. At the end of the study, three to five minutes each time, twice a day. (Jilin Chinese herbal medicine)

⑤ Treatment of children with acute shock: Centipede a (the whole, to the foot, fried for the end), cinnabar, light powder, etc. Yan Yun, milk and pills, mung bean big, one pill per year, milk under. (Sheng Hui Fang Wan Jin San)

⑥ Treatment of tetanus: Centipede head, Aconitum tip, aconite bottom, scorpion tip each equal. It's fine. Each with a word, or half a word, hot wine tune down. If the tooth is forbidden, use this medicine to open and irrigate it. (centipede powder in Confucian Affairs)

⑦ Treatment of tetanus evil in the table, cold and hot arrest urgent, mouth silent teeth: Centipede two, river swim bladder three money, Nanxing, Fangfeng each two money five. A total of research fine end, each with two money, rice wine service, two services a day. (Wugong Xingfeng powder in Yizong Jinjian)

⑧ Treatment of ulcer: tea, centipede. Stir fry until fragrant, mash and sift. Wash with licorice soup and apply. (Shen Zhen Fang)

⑨ Treatment of erysipelas: Centipede a (dry), alum (soap), a thunder pill, a hundred steps two money. Balance, the same as the end. Apply it with vinegar. (Ben Cao Yan Yi)

⑩ For the treatment of snakehead fever, redness, swelling and pain: one centipede, seven scorpions and three realgar coins. The total is the end. Apply chicken seed to the affected area and cover it with pig gallbladder skin. (Wugong powder in the complete collection of Yangyi)

(11) treatment of Snakehead: one centipede, two realgar. Grind the fine powder together and apply with egg white. (Jilin Chinese herbal medicine)

(12) for the first time: centipede. Tile baked storage, for the end, wine tune service, take sweat is scattered. (Ji Sheng Mi LAN)

The treatment of ear abscess: the end of the game. (Bao's formula for children)

(14) in the treatment of toe sores, there is no cure for the protrusion of evil flesh in the nail: a centipede. Bake, grind and apply it. Outside to South Star end vinegar and apply around. (medical abstract)

Treatment of Hemorrhoids Pain: a barefoot centipede (baked for the end). Put a little into the brain, adjust and apply. (renzhaizhizhifang) two centipedes, three or four. Boil the sesame oil for one or two times, soak in it, then add the gallnut powder for two or three times. Seal the bottle. If you can't bear the pain, add oil. (Sun Tianren Jixiao Fang)

(16) treatment of tinea: one or two centipedes and two or two black headed snakes. The strong take one yuan each time, the weak take five minutes each time, twice a day, under water. (Jiangsu traditional Chinese medicine (6): 371961)

Treatment of snake bite: Baizhi one or two (white), realgar five money, centipede three, camphor three money. Each is very fine. Apply sesame oil to the swollen area, and sweep as dry as possible. (centipede powder in the mystery of the cave)

(18) treatment of chronic ulcer of lower limbs: the affected part is decocted and washed with purple bull, sprinkled with an appropriate amount of centipede powder, covered with ointment, once a day, 10 days as a course of treatment. (Jiangxi herbal medicine manual)

[clinical application] 1

Take centipede to head and feet, bake, grind and take orally, about 3-5 pieces each time,

Chinese PinYin : Wu Gong