Baby Tea

Children

(Yin Shan Zheng Zheng)

[synonym] Wudai mud, Wulei mud, Wuding mud (compendium), xixie (empirical identification method of traditional Chinese Medicine).

[source] it is a dry extract concentrated from the branches and leaves of Leguminosae catechu or the branches and leaves of Leguminosae catechu.

[plant morphology] 1. Catechu (materia medica)

Deciduous trees, 6-13 m high. Bark brown or grayish brown, often exfoliated in thin slices, but not exfoliated. Branchlets slender, weak, brown or greenish brown. The leaves are double double pinnate compound leaves, alternate; the petioles and rachis are 6-12 cm long, covered with long hairs; the base of the rachis has oblong glands; the pinnae are 10-20 pairs, 2-4 cm long, with short petioles; the leaflets are 28-50 pairs, parallel or imbricate, almost sessile, linear, dark green above, light below, with sparse hairs on both sides. Raceme axillary; flowers yellow or white; calyx base united into a tube, upper division, lobes semicircular, with sparse hairs: petals 5, long lanceolate or ovate elliptic, apex slightly concave; stamens many, extending out of corolla; pistil 1, ovary superior, long ovate, style slender. Pods with peduncle 6-12 cm long and 1-2 cm wide, apex acute, base narrowly cuneate, flat and thin, purple brown, glossy. There are 7-8 seeds. The flowering period is from August to September. The fruit period is from October to November.

It is cultivated in Yunnan, Guangxi and other places.

② Uncaria catechu

Evergreen Liana. Bark brown, with opposite branches. The leaf is leathery, oval or oblong elliptic, 9 cm long and 5 cm wide, apex acuminate, base rounded, lateral veins 6-7 pairs, glabrous on both sides except the lower veins slightly hairy. The flowers are mostly integrated into axillary round head inflorescences, the total pedicel is 2.5-4 cm long, and the upper part has 4 small whorled involucres near the flowers; the flowers are light pink, 5-7 mm in diameter; the calyx is connate, the apex is 5-lobed, and the outer part is pubescent; the Corolla is discoid, the corolla tube is slender, and the lobes are 5-obovate; the stamen is 5, born at the throat of the corolla tube, and the filaments are very short; the pistil is 1, the ovary is inferior, 2-locular, and the ovules are numerous, The outer coat is pubescent, the style is long and slender, protruding out of the corolla a lot, 1 times longer than the anther. Capsule, slender, slightly rhombic, brown, apex with persistent sepals, shortly stemmed. Seeds numerous, linear.

Native to India, Sri Lanka, Indonesia, Malaysia and other places.

[preparation method] there are two kinds of commodities, namely "catechu cream" and "formula catechu".

① Catechu cream

Generally, from December to February of the next year, the branches of catechu are harvested, peeled, cut into pieces, boiled with water, filtered, concentrated into syrup, cooled, poured into a special model and dried.

② Chinese herbal tea

Cut the twigs with leaves of Uncaria catechu, put them into a copper pot, add water to boil for 6-8 hours, and often stir to break the leaves. When the leaves turn yellow, take out the twigs and leaves, filter the extract, concentrate it into syrup, pour it into a wooden plate, wait for cooling and solidification, cut it into square shape, and dry.

(1) catechu extract

Also known as: black tea. It is square or irregular, with black or reddish brown surface, smooth and slightly glossy, sometimes with cracks on the surface. It is brittle and easy to be broken, with irregular section, pores and luster, and brownish red inside. Without Qi, it tastes astringent, bitter before sweet. The surface is black and reddish, glossy, foamy and fragrant.

It is mainly produced in Yunnan.

② Chinese herbal tea

Also known as: Brown catechu. There are two kinds of products, new catechu and old catechu, both of which are square and each side is about 3cm long. The sea surface shrinks inward, and the edges and corners are inclined or broken. The surface is flat or uneven with cracks, the old catechu is dark brown with colloidal luster, and the new catechu is brown without colloidal luster. It is brittle and easy to break, with light brownish red inside. No gas, bitter taste. It is customary to think that the quality of old catechu is better than that of new catechu.

It is mainly produced in Indonesia and Malaysia.

In addition, there are also the branches of the leguminous plant Baile tree, which are fried into Baile tree catechu. The original plant is spiny shrub or small tree, up to 6 meters high. The bark is gray white. The leaflets are linear oblong, 4-8 mm long and 1-1.5 mm wide. Spikes are usually 6-8 cm long, with asexual flowers in the lower part, reddish or purplish red, and bisexual flowers in the upper part, smaller and yellow. Pods integrated capitate, 6-13 mm wide, dark brown, wavy or curved, dehiscent. Made in Guangdong.

[chemical constituents] the heartwood contains 20-50% catechuic acid, 2-20% L-and DL catechin, 2-20% L-and DL epicatechin, ochracetin, and flavonols such as fisetin, quercetin and quercetin. Dark heartwood contains not only pigment but also protocatechuic tannin and phenolic tannin. The bark contains trace protocatechuic tannins.

The leaves and roots of Uncaria catechu contain alkaloids such as a, B, C, D, e, rhynchophylline, isorhynchophylline, cylindrine, dihydroconanin and black catechin, and also contain D-and DL catechin 30-35%, catechin tannic acid 24%, and black catechin such as fluorescein, quercetin, gallic acid, pyrocatechol and catechin red.

[pharmacological action] 1. The components and uses of catechu ointment are similar to those of brown catechu. It is used for tanning and dyestuff in industry, and for astringent and antidiarrheal in medicine (see ″). In vitro, the decoction has certain antibacterial effect on Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, diphtheria, proteus, dysentery and typhoid. The main antiseptic effect of tannin is to make bacteria unable to obtain food nutrition. On the medium, 10% solution can kill bacteria within 24 hours, and it can also inactivate influenza virus in vitro. 20% decoction can damage ascites cancer cells in vitro. Catechu aqueous solution of different concentrations can inhibit the peristalsis of duodenum and small intestine, but can promote the retrograde peristalsis of cecum and has the effect of reducing diarrhea, but has little effect on large intestine. Intravenous injection of catechu and other tannin containing crude drugs can reduce skeletal muscle tension, blood pressure, accelerate breathing, and make a large number of respiratory paralysis. Repeated injection has a cumulative effect, which can be absorbed in the small intestine. Catechu can inhibit the dissolution of fibrin by streptokinase.

② Chinese herbal tea

It contains a lot of tannins, so it can be used as astringent (see Galla chinensis). This can also enhance the capillary absorption of Catechu in mice with vitamin C deficiency. If catechu is given orally, it can also enhance the capillary absorption of catechu. Catechin can also inhibit the formation of experimental bladder stones in rats, which may be related to the decrease of the pH value of urine in rats. The pH value of urine can be reduced from 9.0 to 7 or below after administration. There was no death in rats after oral administration of catechin containing 3-5% of catechin for one month; mice could be killed by intravenous injection of 200-300 mg / kg; pyrocatechin, a metabolite of catechin, was more toxic than catechin; Gallic tannin (i.e., one more hydroxyl group on the benzene nucleus) was more toxic than catechin, and had no above therapeutic effect.

③ D-catechin can contract the isolated rabbit ear blood vessels, inhibit the amplitude of isolated toad heart first and then excite it; it can enhance the activity of tyrosinase, inhibit the activity of tyrosine decarboxylase, and thus reduce the content of adrenaline in the body, which may be the principle of reducing blood pressure. It can inhibit the activity of histamine decarboxylase (but has no effect on histamine decarboxylase), which may be related to its antihistamine effect. It can also inhibit hyaluronidase and choline acetylase, but has no effect on cholinesterase. Whether it can inhibit oxygen uptake of many organs, such as rat brain, liver, kidney, heart and pig aorta, especially myocardial oxygen uptake, is related to the treatment of atherosclerosis, remains to be studied. In addition, it can reduce blood glucose and delay the increase of serum cholesterol level caused by lanolin.

④ Oral administration of pyrocatechol (50 mg / kg) to cats and rats caused convulsion, followed by paralysis, and died of respiratory and circulatory failure within 48 hours; oral administration of pyrocatechol (30 mg / kg) daily caused anemia, jaundice, renal parenchyma injury, and died within a few weeks, with obvious hyperglycemia.

[processing] remove impurities, brush off dust, and grind into small pieces or fine powder.

[flavor] bitter and astringent, cool.

① "Yinshan Zhengzheng": sweet and bitter, slightly cold, non-toxic. "

② "Compendium": "bitter, flat, non-toxic. "

③ Ben Cao Zheng: "bitter and astringent, cool in nature. "

"Enter the heart and lung" in "seeking truth from Materia Medica". "

Functions and indications: clearing away heat, resolving phlegm, stopping bleeding, eliminating food, promoting muscle and relieving pain. It is used to treat phlegm heat, cough, thirst, hematemesis, hematemesis, hematuria, dysentery, blood avalanche, dyspepsia in children, chancre, aphthous ulcer, laryngitis and dampness sore.

① "Yinshan Zhengzheng" says: "remove phlegm heat, quench thirst, facilitate urination, eliminate food and Qi, clear mind and sleep less. "

② Introduction to medicine: "eliminate blood, cure all sores and poisons. "

③ "The compendium of Medical Sciences" states: "clearing the heat on the diaphragm, resolving phlegm and generating fluid, applying golden sores and all kinds of sores, generating muscles and relieving pain, stopping bleeding and removing dampness. "

④ "Materia medica Zheng" says: "it can reduce fire and generate fluid, clear phlegm and saliva, cough, treat aphthous ulcer, laryngitis, dysphoria, stop thirst, vomit blood, hematemesis, hematemesis, dysentery due to dampness and heat, women's avalanche and drench, menorrhagia, infantile malnutrition, oral malnutrition, heat ulcer, dampness and rottenness. It can also kill insects. "

⑤ "The preparation of Materia Medica" says: "it is difficult to treat hemorrhoids and hemorrhoids by smearing Yin. "

⑥ "Seeking truth from Materia Medica" says: "it is necessary to cure the epidemic. "

⑦ Collection of medicinal materials

Chinese PinYin : Hai Er Cha