Arsenite

Arsenite

(Kaibao materia medica)

[synonyms] pihuang (rihuazi materia medica), Xinbi (Sun Yonghe), Renyan (Benshi), Xinshi (emergency Yifang).

[source] it is the ore of oxide mineral arsenopyrite. At present, most of them are arsenopyrite, realgar and other arsenic bearing ores.

(1) arsenopyrite

Isometric. The crystal is octahedral, usually amorphous granular, massive and powdery. The color is white, often with light yellow or light red. Streaks are white or yellowish. The fracture surface is uneven. The hardness is 1.5. The specific gravity is 3.7-3.72. It is formed by the decomposition of other arsenic minerals. They coexist with other arsenic bearing minerals. Few are pure.

② Arsenopyrite, see "Dishi" for details.

③ Realgar, see "realgar" for details.

[collection] a few of them are natural arsenopyrite, and most of them are processed. There are many processing methods, including the old one and the new one

① Old law

The arsenopyrite is smashed into small pieces to remove the miscellaneous stones. It is burned with coal, charcoal or wood, and then sublimated to be the letter stone. This method is simple, but harmful to health.

② New law

Select the pure realgar, smash it into 10 cm blocks, ignite it, make realgar burn, generate gaseous arsenic trioxide and sulfur dioxide, and then through the condensation pipe, make arsenic trioxide fully condensed, that is, letter stone. Sulfur dioxide is discharged from the flue.

[medicinal materials] there are two kinds of red letter stone and white letter stone.

① Red letter stone

Also known as: alum, red arsenic. It is irregular block with different sizes. White, yellow and red color halo, slightly transparent or opaque, glossy glass, silk or no luster. It's crisp and easy to break. There is no breath. This product is extremely poisonous and not delicious. It is better to have lumpy, ruddy color, crystal straight lines and no dross.

② White letter stone

Also known as white arsenic. It is irregular block with different sizes, colorless or white, transparent or opaque, glossy, glassy, silk or matte. It's fragile, easy to break, no gas. This product is extremely poisonous and not delicious. Block, white color, crystal straight lines, no dross is better. The above herbs are produced in Jiangxi, Hunan, Guangdong, Guizhou and other places.

[chemical composition] arsenite is mainly composed of arsenic trioxide or Arsenious anhydride, white, octahedral crystal. Arsenic trioxide can be sublimated with high heat, so it is easy to refine; the sublimate is commonly known as arsenic, and its composition is still as2o2. Red arsenic is a kind of arsenite containing red mineral besides as2o2.

[pharmacological action] arsenic trioxide has the basic pharmacology and toxicology of arsenic. Arsenic has the toxic effect of protoplasm, and can paralyze capillaries, inhibit the activity of sulfhydrylase, and cause liver steatosis, necrosis of liver lobule center, congestive heart, liver, kidney and intestine, necrosis of epithelial cells and dilation of capillaries. Kuzhi powder contains white arsenic. If it is applied to rabbit ears every day, it can cause dry necrosis and even fall off. Experiments show that products without arsenic trioxide have no such effect. The content of arsenic in Kuzhi powder is about 8-16%. It is easy to be absorbed from mucous membrane. Improper application can cause acute arsenism. As a pesticide to kill insects, it has also been reported that people who took it by mistake. The symptoms of acute poisoning include vomiting, watery diarrhea, proteinuria, hematuria, dizziness, headache, cyanosis, syncope, lethargy, convulsion, paralysis and even death. Fulminant type may have no obvious symptoms mentioned above, and die of collapse, convulsion and paralysis. It is generally believed that arsenic combines with sulfhydryl containing enzymes to affect enzyme activity, thus seriously interfering with tissue metabolism and causing poisoning. Therefore, dimercaptopropanol is used for detoxification in clinical emergency.

[processing] remove the impurities, smash them, put them into the sand jar, seal the mouth tightly with mud, calcine them in the fire, take them out and cool them, grind them into fine powder.

① "Lei Gong Paozhi Lun" says: "all the arsenic stones are put in small porcelain bottles, and then they are put into the two flavors of zibeitiankui and shilongrui, and then they are calcined. From now on, they have been put into use. Then use licorice water immersion, from shenzhizi, out, wipe dry, but into the bottle Sheng, calcined in the fire, do not research under 30000. "

② "Rihuazi materia medica:" arsenic stone, vinegar is used to kill poison. "

Sour, hot and poisonous.

① Rihuazi materia medica: "warm, poisonous. "

② Kaibao materia medica: "bitter, sour, warm, poisonous. "

③ "Compendium": "bitterness, great heat, great poison. "

[Guijing] 1. Ben Cao Qiu Zhen: "enter the intestines and stomach. "

② Summary of materia medica: "enter the hand foot Taiyin and Yangming scriptures. "

[functions and indications] it can rob phlegm, cut off malaria, kill insects and corrode flesh. Treatment of cold phlegm, asthma, malaria, rest dysentery, hemorrhoids, scrofula, Zouma chancre, tinea, ulcers, carrion.

① "Rihuazi materia medica:" treating malaria, kidney qi. "

② "Materia medica Bieshuo": "take cold water to remove heat toxin and treat phlegm stagnation. "

③ "Compendium": "in addition to asthma, dysentery, rotten meat, erosion of blood stasis, rot. "

[usage and dosage] take orally: take pills and powder, 1-2.5% in volume. External use: grind and sprinkle, adjust and apply or paste it into plaster.

[should avoid] it is poisonous and should be used with caution. Body deficiency and pregnant women should not take it.

"Rihuazi Materia Medica": "fear of mung bean, cold water, vinegar. "

[prescription selection] 1. It has been used for many years to treat dyspnea, cough, morning and night sleeplessness: one and a half yuan of Xin arsenic (Research flies like powder), one and two half yuan of Douchi (good, when the water is slightly moist, dry it with paper and grind it into paste). On with plaster and arsenic with pestle very even, the ball as big as pockmarked seeds. Take 15 pills each time, the amount of children is equal to it, and swallow it with Lecha Qingji cold, lie down, and know it as degree. (zijindan in benshifang)

② Treatment of malaria: Renyan one or two (for the end), Feimian four Liang (with Renyan water and soft cake, baked in the pot, for the end), white lentils (for the end) two liang, fine tea (for the end) two Liang. On the same and even. Take a small half of each money, has been the first half of the day with warm tea, and then with tea Dangjing. Avoid eating wine, noodles, fish, etc. (Dan Xi Xin Fa Fu Yu is not scattered)

③ Treatment of cold and heat shop malaria: people say one money, mung bean (end) one or two. For the end, wugenjingshuiwan mungbean big, Huangdan for clothing, dry in the shade. Five or seven pills in cold water. (the parties)

④ The treatment of dysentery after one or two years is not bad, emaciated and weak, and spleen pain and low back pain: arsenic (a good piece, milk thin), yellow wax each half two. The yellow wax will be melted and the arsenic is dropped. The seven pieces of Wutong will be stirred up one by one, and the head Coke will be replaced. Take one pill at a time. Dysentery, cold water, spleen pain is also; lumbago cold wine; and before eating. Xiao'er pill is as big as millet. Take one pill each time, and the soup is the same as above. (kufang binding tiger circle)

⑤ Treatment of insect pain: Arsenic yellow (fine research) one or two. Soak the cake heart in water for a pill, as big as adzuki bean. Take two pills each time, with boiled broth, before eating. (pihuang pill in Shengji Zonglu)

⑥ Cure five hemorrhoids: good alum four Liang. Raw arsenic two money five, cinnabar one money (raw research, make very fine). First, put the arsenic in the Jianzhan, then use the alum powder to cover it, and then use the fire to make the smoke disappear. The arsenic goes with the smoke, only by using the arsenic gas in the alum to take out the dead alum. The research order is very fine. First look at the size of the hemorrhoids, put the calcined alum powder into the raw vermicelli powder, and mix it with water to make it thin and thick, then apply it on the hemorrhoids with a grate, and the color of the hemorrhoids should be carefully observed, and the color of the hemorrhoids should turn to scorch black, which is gradually taken off. At night, the water of the Yellow paste will flow out, and it will be lined with cloth, and the medicine will be applied once in the middle of the night, and three times in the future, even if there is a little pain. When changing the dressing, use fresh water or warm soup to wash the hemorrhoids with a wool pen on the side of the hemorrhoids. When the old medicine is removed, the new medicine is added. After three or two days, the Yellow paste water will run out, and the hemorrhoids will still be scorched and black. When you beat the hemorrhoids with a grate, you can see that the hemorrhoids are gradually hard and black. However, you can add Shengzhu to the withered medicine and reduce alum, and the natural medicine will slow down. (withered medicine in Wei family's Tibetan prescription)

Treatment of the disease: Arsenic in Yellow River, and thick ink pills, such as Wutong seed, are cooked in the seeds and dried with bamboo sticks. It should be used for moxibustion or acupuncture on the affected area. Break and paste the half pill to the extent of natural erosion. Apply a little more when the medicine is over. (lingyuanfang)

⑧ Treatment of rat rash: Xinshi (research with mung bean), cantharides (to foot, feather, for the end). Above paste for pills, Huangdan for clothing. Use time to break, with vinegar soak a night, the first to moxibustion, the end of the second use. (Zhu Shi Ji Yi Fang)

⑨ Governance walk horse chancre: a North jujube to the core, into the letter (stone) jujube, burn ash rub in the swelling. (Puji Fang) two letter arsenic, one bronze green. Grind it into fine powder and spread it on paper. It was painted on the chancre. (PU Ji Fang Qing Jin San)

⑩ Treat skin cancer: white arsenic two money, wheat flour one or two. The wheat flour is made into a non sticky paste, and then white arsenic is added to twist it into a fine linear strip. After local anesthesia, the No.1 syringe needle was inserted into the tumor root at 0.5cm around the tumor, and then the drug strip was inserted from the hole and covered with sterile dressing. After the tumor fell off, the ointment (1 jin talcum powder, 3 Liang calcined mannose powder, 1 / 2 cinnabar powder, 1 / 2 borneol powder and 2 / 2 starch powder) was changed every day. Grind the fine powder together and make the sesame oil into a paste. (the black medicine note of the selected materials of new Chinese herbal medicine in Liaoning Province)

(11) it can cure all kinds of ringworm on the head of cloud. The circle is picturesque. It is as big as money or as small as pen and tube. It can be divided into one or two parts. Grind very fine, with rice soup 5, 6 spoons thin tune. Apply it with new brush and ringworm ring. (Ben Cao Hui Yan)

[clinical application] 1

Make 5% solution of red alum and directly penetrate it into the lesion by iontophoresis; or make 2% isotonic solution of red alum after three times sublimation for intravenous injection; or boil red alum with water and fumigate certain parts with steam. The treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis, lymphoid tuberculosis, bone and joint tuberculosis, tuberculous meningitis and tuberculous fistula has achieved certain results. There were some toxic reactions during the treatment.

② Treatment of chronic tracheitis

With arsenic 3 points, alum, light Douchi 3 points each

Chinese PinYin : Pi Shi