Grass

Grass

(Tang materia medica)

[synonym] legao, heicao (bielu), gejuman (tangbencao), geleman (shubencao), laibeicao (Kaibao Bencao), gejucao (Shengji Zonglu), gelezi, selouman (jiuhuangbencao), qirenteng (Benjing Fengyuan), pseudomomordica charantia, Momordica charantia (Guangzhou flora), sawsaw vine (Guizhou folk prescription Collection), wuzhaolong, niujiaoji（ It is a kind of traditional Chinese medicine.

[source] it is the whole plant of moriaceae.

[plant morphology] grass

Annual or perennial creeping herbs, several meters long, with barbs. Leaves opposite, palmately 5-lobed, rare 3-7-lobed, margin serrate, setae above, glandular dots below, setae on veins; petiole 5-20 cm long. Flowers unisexual, dioecious; inflorescence axillary; male flowers in panicle, with many yellowish green florets; sepals 5, lanceolate; stamens 5, anthers large, about 2 mm long, filaments very short; female flowers more than 10 integrated into short panicles, axillary, each 2 female flowers have 1 ovate lanceolate, white spines and yellow gland point bracts, no perianth, style 2. The ear is green, with scaly bracts, oval shape after anthesis, short apex and sharp tail, dark purple spots and long white hairs on the outside. Achene ovoid, 4-5 mm long, hard. The flowering period is from July to August. The fruit period is from August to September.

Born in the ditch, roadside, wasteland. It is distributed in most areas of China.

The roots (grass roots), flowers (grass flowers) and ears (grass fruit ears) of this plant are also used for medicine. See the special section for details.

[collection] harvest in summer and autumn and dry in the sun.

[chemical constituents] the whole herb contains luteolin, glucoside, choline and asparagine, and other volatile oils, tannins and resins. The cones contain acetochlor and shematone. The leaves contain 0.015% of macroposide and Vitexin. The volatile oil mainly contains β - caryophyllene, caryophyllene, α - sulbacene, α - apigenine, β - apigenine and γ - picosene.

[pharmacological action] the ethanol extracts of stems and leaves had significant inhibitory effect on Gram-positive bacteria in vitro. Butachlor is similar to shematone (see "hops") in that it also has antibacterial effect; it can inhibit the growth of gram-positive and negative bacteria, some fungi and yeasts. There are also reports of Gram-negative bacteria, yeast invalid. The effect of Acetochlor on Gram-negative bacteria was 1 / 20 of that of shematone, and on Mycobacterium tuberculosis was 1 / 10 of that of shematone. After intravenous injection of 3 mg / kg, the oxygen consumption was doubled immediately, and there was shortness of breath, and then the body temperature increased; and the cat died due to excessive temperature rise (45 ℃), and the death quickly occurred serious "stiff body". A large number of injection can also produce diabetes, hematuria. The effect on rabbits is much worse than that on cats. (1) bielu: "it tastes sweet and nontoxic. "

② "Tang Materia Medica": "taste sweet and bitter, cold, non-toxic. "

Functions and indications: clearing away heat, diuresis, removing stasis and detoxification. Treatment of gonorrhea, adverse urination, malaria, diarrhea, dysentery, tuberculosis, lung abscess, pneumonia, scabies, hemorrhoids, carbuncle poison, scrofula.

① Bielu: "the main blood stasis, stop essence, overflow gas. "

② Tang materia medica: "it can control five kinds of drenching, facilitate urination, stop dysentery, eliminate malaria, deficiency heat and thirst, and take it with boiled juice and raw juice. "

③ "Materia medica Yanyi" says: "for the treatment of deficiency heat after typhoid fever and sweating, it is necessary to file and grind, take Shengzhi and drink together. "

④ The compendium of Medical Sciences: "moisten the Sanjiao, eliminate the five grains, benefit the five internal organs, eliminate the nine insects, ward off the epidemic diseases, and apply the snake and scorpion wounds. "

⑤ "Anhui herbal medicine": "treat insomnia; wash hemorrhoids. "

[usage and dosage] oral administration: decoction, 3-6 yuan (2-4 Liang fresh); or mashed juice. External use: tamping or boiling water fumigation.

[formula selection] 1. Zhigaolin: three liters of mashed grass and two liters of vinegar. Harmony, fasting meal service, when drowning such as white juice. (Ben Cao Tu Jing)

② Sand and stone treatment: fresh grass stem four to five Liang. Mash and add boiling water to the sauce. (Jiangxi herbal medicine manual)

③ Treatment of new and long-standing malaria: a grasp of Pueraria (to two ends, for autumn and winter), hengshanmo, etc. Take two large cups of light serous water, soak them in medicine, expose them under the stars and the moon for one night, and fry one cup at five o'clock. Take them in two parts, and then spit. (compendium)

④ Treatment of chronic dysentery into chancre: Grass dry vine pound screen, how much, pipe blowing Valley Road. (Ben Cao Tu Jing)

⑤ Treatment of dysentery or urine leaching, blood in urine, etc.: fresh grass two to four Liang. Fried in water, taken before meals, twice a day. (Fujian folk herbal medicine)

⑥ For patients with paralysis and sores all over the body: a load of grass. Take two stones with water and one stone with boiling water. (duxingfang)

⑦ Treatment of black scabies: two scales of Pueraria lobata (file, fine Amoy), one scale of Leonurus (file, wash Amoy). Use two stones and five buckets of water, boil one stone and five buckets of water, remove the dross, soak in pots and urns for one hour and then come out. Cover it with a quilt and then soak for another hour and then come out. Do not let the wind blow and do it again tomorrow. Such as into the soup, the body itching can not bear, so that others catch hands, do not scratch, food is gradually settled. After three days a bath. The medicine was discarded after bathing twice. (Gecao bath prescription in Shengji Zonglu)

⑧ Treatment of pruritus: appropriate amount of herbal medicine, water frying and fumigation. (Jiangxi herbal medicine)

⑨ To cure carbuncle and poison (skin color remains unchanged, hard swelling does not hurt): hold the fresh leaves of grass. Wash with cold boiled water, mash with brown sugar, apply with heat, change twice a day. (Fujian folk herbal medicine)

⑩ To treat scrofula: two liang of fresh grass leaves, two liang of yellow rice wine and four liang of brown sugar. Fried in water, three times after meals. (Fujian folk herbal medicine)

(11) treatment of children's tianpao sores: decoct and wash with water, once or twice a day. Avoid fishy hair. (records of Jiangsu medicinal materials)

(12) treatment of snake and scorpion stings: grasp the fresh leaves of the grass and the realgar. Mash and apply. (Fujian folk herbal medicine)

Treatment of hemorrhoids and prolapse: fresh grass three Liang. Rinse with boiling water. (Mindong materia medica)

[clinical application] 1

They were injected intramuscularly with 100% Baicao injection twice a day, 2-4 ml each time. 30 days is a course of treatment. 880 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis were treated with streptomycin, isoniazid and other anti tuberculosis drugs. After a course of treatment, the symptoms disappeared or improved in 72 cases; sputum bacteria positive in 47 cases, 21 cases turned negative; cavity in 51 cases, 36 cases shrunk or closed after treatment, of which caseous and thin-walled cavity were more effective; according to 79 cases, 51 cases (64.5%) were absorbed, Among them, exudative and proliferative lesions had obvious absorption. In the course of treatment, some patients had no adverse effects after liver and kidney function examination; individual patients may have fever and chills after medication due to the impure preparation, which disappeared after withdrawal.

② Treatment of respiratory tract inflammation

Take 500 grams of fresh or dry Lala seedlings, add about 1000-1500 ml of water, boil for about 30 minutes, fry to 1000 ml, add seasoning, take 4-6 times. 4 cases of lung abscess, 3 cases of lobar pneumonia, 14 cases of upper respiratory tract infection and tonsillitis were cured without side effects.

③ Treatment of chronic tracheitis

Take 1 liang of Labrador vine and 1 liang of wild amaranth, wash them, cut them into sections, fry them in water twice, filter them, mix and concentrate them into 100 ml. Take 60 ml once a day. The total effective rate was 60.8%.

④ Treatment of acute nephritis

Cut up the stems and leaves of the fresh grass, wash them, mix them with brine about 5-8%, pound them into mud, and reserve them in a magnetic tank. When using it, apply 8-10g of grass mud to the anterior fontanelle (cut the hair), fix it with bandage, change another 8-10g after 3 days, apply it under xiphoid process, and change another 8-10g after 3 days, apply it above pubic bone under umbilicus. A total of 9 days for a course of treatment, can be repeated 2 to 3 courses. 7 cases were observed. After treatment, the edema began to subside in 2-4 days, the urine volume increased in 12-24 hours, the waist circumference began to shrink in 2-3 days, the body weight began to reduce in 24-72 hours, the blood pressure began to decline in 3 days, the urine protein turned negative in 7-15 days, and the hemogram and blood chemistry were improved. During the treatment, bed rest and low salt diet were carried out according to the routine.

⑤ Treatment of bacillary dysentery

Take five claw dragon rattan and leaf, water decoct, make every milliliter content is 1 money. 20 ml for 1-2 years old and 30 ml for over 2 years old, twice a day, 4-6 days as a course of treatment. Clinical observation of 42 cases, 35 cases were cured, 4 cases improved, 3 cases ineffective. The average time of fever abatement in cured cases was 1.6 days, the time of stool appearance normalization was 2.3 days, and the time of normal stool microscopic examination was 2.6 days.

⑥ Treatment of infantile diarrhea

Take the whole herb and add proper amount of water, fry it intensively to make it contain 1 liang of Herba every 40 ml. 20 ml each time, twice a day for those under 1 year old; 20 ml each time, three times a day for those over 1 year old. 42 cases were treated, 39 cases of fever within 2 days, 33 cases of diarrhea within 3 days.

⑦ Treatment of snakebite

Take one plant (two small ones) of fresh guogoulong (?) grass, wash and mash it like mud, drop 1-3ml of Shaojiu (sweet distiller's grains are the best), mix well and make it into mud like ointment, apply it directly to the bite, and then wrap it with dressing. Change the dressing once a day. Ten cases were treated clinically. The wound healed in 2-4 days, and the swelling disappeared in 5-8 days.

[famous scholar's treatise] Ben Cao Zheng Yi: "herbal medicine can be used to treat external Yang toxin. "

Chinese PinYin : Cao