Citrus

Citrus

(notes on materia medica)

[synonyms] Jin Shi (Ma Wan's "the book of food"), Gan Zi (Kaibao materia medica), Mu nu (compendium), Ruijin nu (Qunfang PU).

[source] it is the mature fruit of many kinds of citrus, such as chazhigan and Ougan.

[plant morphology] 1. Chazhi Mandarin, also known as Xinhui Mandarin and Jiangmen Mandarin.

Small trees, 2-3 m high. The branches are dense and needling is rare. Leaves alternate, long elliptic, 6-6.5cm long, 2-2.3cm wide, apex acuminate, base cuneate, margin serrate not obvious, leaf quality slightly hard; petiole about 0.6cm long, wing leaves small but not obvious. Flowers small, white, ca. 2 cm in diameter; sepals yellowish green, 5-lobed, lobes sharp; petals 5; stamens united with each other, varying in length. Citrus fruit is oblate or steamed bread shaped, 4.5-6 cm in longitudinal diameter and 6.5-7 cm in transverse diameter. Its surface is orange yellow, glossy, oil spots are concave, a few of them are flat or raised at the base, with 4-8 shallow radiating grooves on the top and slightly concave at the top. The peel is easy to peel, the quality is crisp, the inner layer is white, like cotton wadding, with special aroma. The pulp sac has 11-12 petals, the central column is empty, and the taste is sour and sweet. More than 20 seeds, oval, yellowish brown. The flowering period is in the middle of March. The fruit ripens in the middle of December.

It is mainly distributed in the Pearl River Delta, most of which are cultivated in Xinhui, followed by Sihui, Huaxian and lianjiang in the suburbs of Guangzhou.

② Ougan (suixiju diet), also known as Rugan (materia medica), Zhengan (Citrus), Chunju (suixiju diet).

Evergreen shrubs or small trees, 1.5-2 m high. The branches are sparse, spreading and spinless. The leaves are oval in shape. The edge of the leaves on the short branches is not serrated, while the leaves on the long branches have wavy teeth. The flowers are small and white. The fruit is oblong or oblong, 6cm high and 7cm wide, with slightly concave apex and rounded or truncated base. The pericarp is thick and wrinkled, orange yellow, with many oil glands, concave and easy to peel off. The pericarp is soft and white, with 10 petals of pulp sac and small central column. Seeds few, only 4, oval, cotyledons white or light green. The fruit ripens in November.

It is distributed in Zhejiang and other places.

In addition, the following plants of the same genus are also used for medicinal purposes: ① sihuigan, distributed in Guangdong and Guangxi; ②? Gan, distributed in Guangdong and Fujian; ③ Jiaogan, distributed in Guangdong, Fujian and Taiwan.

The leaves (citrus leaves), pericarps (citrus peels) and seeds (Citrus Seeds) of the above plants are also used for medicine. Please refer to the special regulations for details.

[chemical constituents] the fruit of Jiaogan contains hesperidin, pericarpin and volatile oil. The root contains stigmasterol, β - sitosterol and zanthoxylin a.

Sweet and sour, cool.

① Cui Yuxi's book of food: "it tastes sweet and sour, cold and non-toxic. "

② Kaibao materia medica: "it tastes sweet and cold. "

③ "Daily use Materia Medica": "sweet and sour, flat, non-toxic. "

[function indications] it can produce fluid to quench thirst, sober up and diuretic.

① Cui Yuxi's "the book of food" said: "when you eat, you will feel hot and full. "

② Kaibao materia medica: "it is beneficial to heat and toxin in the intestines and stomach, stop sudden thirst and urinate. "

③ Yilin zuanyao: "get rid of trouble and sober up. "

[should avoid] it should not be taken if the spleen and stomach are deficient and cold.

① "The spleen and kidney are cold. When people eat their meat, they often cause cold storage or diarrhea. "

② Yilin zuanyao: "eat more to produce cold phlegm. "

③ According to the Diet Manual of suixiju: "wind cold is a disease to be avoided. "

Chinese PinYin : Gan