glossy ganoderma

glossy ganoderma

(materia medica of Southern Yunnan)

Sanxiu (songs of Chu), yin and Zhi (Erya).

[source] it is the whole plant of Ganoderma lucidum or Ganoderma lucidum.

[plant morphology] ① Ganoderma lucidum (Ben Jing), also known as Ganoderma lucidum (Ben Jing).

The pileus is corky, petiolate, semicircular to reniform, rarely nearly circular, 20 cm high and 20 cm wide; the stipe is lateral and long in shape; the pileus and stipe have black shells, glossy, with ring-shaped ridges and radial wrinkles on the surface; the flesh is rusty brown; the tube is hard, with the same color as the flesh; the mouth of the tube is round, with the same color as the tube, with 5 spores per mm; the spores are brown and oval, with prominent small warts on the inner wall.

Born by a rotten stake. Distributed in Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Hunan, Guangxi, Fujian, Guangdong and other places.

② Ganoderma lucidum

The shape of the fungus is similar to that of the above species, except that the cuticle of the fungus cap is yellow to reddish brown, the stipe is purple brown, the flesh is nearly white to light brown, and the orifice of the fungus tube is white at the initial stage and brown at the later stage.

On the stumps of oak and other broad-leaved trees. Distributed in Hebei, Shandong, Shanxi, Sichuan, Anhui, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Guizhou, Yunnan, Guangxi, Fujian, Guangdong and other places.

According to the records of this classic, there are six kinds of ganoderma, including purple, red, green, yellow, white and black.

[collection] in autumn.

[chemical constituents] Ganoderma lucidum contains ergosterol, organic acids (CIS ricinic acid, fumaric acid, etc.), glucosamine, polysaccharides, resin, mannitol, etc. Ganoderma lucidum contains ergosterol, resin, fatty acid, mannitol, polysaccharide, alkaloid, lactone, coumarin, water soluble protein and many kinds of enzymes.

[pharmacological action] ① effect on central nervous system

Ganoderma lucidum tincture and constant temperature percolation liquid can inhibit the central nervous system of mice by intraperitoneal injection of 5 or 10 g crude drug / kg, which is characterized by decreased activity, mild muscle relaxation and prolonged sleep time of cyclohexane barbital. Tincture can resist electric convulsion. The constant temperature percolate could not antagonize convulsion induced by pentylenetetrazol and strychnine, but had obvious analgesic effect (hot plate method in mice). Tincture has mild muscle relaxation effect on mice, rats and guinea pigs, but does not block the transmission of impulses between nerves and muscles, which may be caused by central inhibition.

② Effect on circulatory system

The blood pressure of anesthetized rabbits decreased slowly after intraperitoneal injection of 6 g / kg of Ganoderma lucidum constant temperature percolate, but did not recover after 1-2 hours; the blood pressure of anesthetized rabbits decreased sharply after intravenous injection of 3 g / kg of Ganoderma lucidum constant temperature percolate. After intravenous injection of 1.0-1.7 g / kg, the blood pressure of anesthetized dogs dropped sharply and then returned to the original level, showing a biphasic effect of first decreasing and then increasing, and the urine volume increased significantly. There was no significant effect on respiration. For isolated toad heart, Ganoderma lucidum tincture can significantly increase cardiac contractility and cardiac output. For rabbit heart, intraperitoneal injection of 3 g / kg can also enhance cardiac contractility. However, the constant temperature percolation solution of Ganoderma lucidum showed inhibitory effect on isolated toad heart or rabbit heart. When 1 g / kg was injected intravenously, there was no significant effect on rabbit ECG.

② Effects on respiratory system

Mice with intraperitoneal injection of Ganoderma lucidum aqueous extract, ethanol extract or constant temperature percolate 15 g / kg have cough relieving effects (ammonia spray cough). It also has obvious expectorant effect (phenol red method in mice). The above 3 extracts had no obvious antiasthmatic effect by intraperitoneal injection of 5 g / kg (guinea pig histamine spray). The above method was used orally or intraperitoneally every day, and the tincture of Ganoderma lucidum was 5g / kg for 7 days. In addition, it is reported that Ganoderma lucidum (unknown species) compound can promote the repair of tracheal mucosa epithelium in rats with experimental chronic tracheitis. The atrophy of tracheal epithelium was more obvious in the adrenalectomized rats fed with Ganoderma lucidum (2 ml daily for 4 weeks). No repair was found.

④ Liver protection and other effects

After oral administration of Ganoderma lucidum tincture (10 g / kg) for 8 days, the toxic hepatitis induced by carbon tetrachloride was alleviated, and the detoxification function of thiopental sodium was better than that of the control group; after 14 days, the ability of hypoxia tolerance was improved, but the ability of cold tolerance was not. The results showed that Ganoderma lucidum constant temperature percolation solution had no adrenocortical hormone, sex hormone or anabolic hormone like effect on rats and mice, and did not inhibit the fertility of male mice. It has no effect on oxygen consumption of liver, kidney and gonad, but has excitatory effect on isolated and in situ rabbit intestines. When the concentration of water extract of Ganoderma lucidum is 0.125-0.5 g / ml in test tube, it has certain inhibitory effect on pneumococcus, Streptococcus A, Staphylococcus albus and influenza bacillus. The ethanol or acetone extract of Ganoderma lucidum has certain inhibitory effect on Escherichia coli, proteus, dysentery and Pseudomonas aeruginosa in test tube.

Sweet and smooth.

① Ben Jing: "Gan, Wen. "

② Bielu: "non toxic. "

③ "On medicinal properties": "Gan, Ping, non-toxic. "

[function indications] treat asthenia, cough, asthma, insomnia, dyspepsia.

① "Ben Jing" says: "it is good for hearing loss, joints, spirit, essence, bones and muscles. "

② Tao Hongjing: "treating hemorrhoids. "

③ The compendium of Medical Sciences: "treating deficiency and fatigue. "

④ "Treatment of chronic diseases such as neurasthenia, insomnia, dyspepsia, etc. "

⑤ Ganoderma lucidum: "it is used to treat senile chronic tracheitis, cough and asthma. "

[usage and dosage] take orally: at the end of the study, 0.5-1 yuan; or soak in wine.

[taboo] 1. In Ben Cao Jing Ji Zhu: "Shu Yu is the first to make it. It's good. Evil Hengshan. Artemisia capillaris, Artemisia capillaris. "

② "It's very beneficial for people to get Mazi Ren, baiguazi and Mugui. "

[optional formula] for chronic stomach disease: Ganoderma lucidum is divided into five parts, chopped up and soaked in old wine. (records of medicinal plants in Hangzhou)

[clinical application] ① treatment of chronic tracheitis

Ganoderma lucidum liquid: the fermentation liquid of Ganoderma lucidum (one kind of Ganoderma lucidum). Take 25-50 ml twice a day. The course of treatment was 1-3 months. 288 cases were treated, 26 cases (12.5%) were controlled in the near future, 79 cases (35.2%) were markedly effective, and 95 cases (40.5%) were improved. Erlingzhi tincture: 20% concentration. Take it three times a day, 10 ml each time (although it is equivalent to 6 g of crude drug per day). The course of treatment was one month. 121 cases were treated, 9 cases (7.4%) were controlled in the near future, 32 cases (26.4%) were markedly effective, and 46 cases (38.1%) were improved. Sanlingzhi tablet: take one tablet three times a day (the content is equivalent to 0.5g of crude drug); at the same time, use the compound tablet with the daily dose equivalent to 1 liang of Viola, 1 liang of Platycladus orientalis and 3 Qian of Tinglizi. The course of treatment was one month. 138 cases were treated, 5 cases (3.6%) were controlled recently, 34 cases (24.7%) were markedly effective, 71 cases (51.4%) were improved. It has been proved that the curative effect of three kinds of preparation on asthmatic cases is better than that of simple type. It has effect on cough, asthma and sputum. Generally, the chest feels comfortable and cough and asthma are relieved about 2 weeks after taking the medicine. Most of the patients had increased appetite, improved sleep and physical strength in varying degrees after taking the medicine, which showed the effect of "strengthening the body and strengthening the foundation" to a certain extent. The long-term effect is also good.

② Treatment of bronchial asthma

The children were intramuscularly injected with Ganoderma lucidum injection 1-2 ml (0.5-1 g crude drug per ml) every day for about one month. 27 cases were treated, 9 cases were markedly effective (no cough, no asthma attack, conscious symptoms completely disappeared, able to lie flat, no dry or wet rales in the lung), 14 cases were effective (conscious symptoms relieved, no obvious signs), 4 cases were ineffective. In addition, 2 ml of Ganoderma lucidum injection once a day was injected alternately at Dingchuan, Fenglong and kongzhun points on both sides for 10 days as a course of treatment. 14 cases (mostly adults) were treated, 4 cases were markedly effective, 5 cases were effective and 5 cases were ineffective.

③ Treatment of leukopenia

Artificial cultivated Ganoderma lucidum was used to treat 52 cases of leukopenia caused by various reasons (including chemical factors, physical factors, drugs and chronic diseases). The results showed that 11 cases were markedly effective (the total number of white blood cells increased by more than 2000 / cubic mm), 12 cases were improved (the total number of white blood cells increased by 1000-2000 / cubic mm), 21 cases were improved (the total number of white blood cells increased by 500-1000 / cubic mm) The efficiency was 84.6%, and the total number of white blood cells was increased by 1028 / cubic mm on average. Drug preparation and usage: the mycelium of Ganoderma lucidum cultivated by solid culture method was extracted with ethanol, concentrated and dried, and then packed into capsules (each capsule weighs 0.5g, equivalent to 4.16g of Ganoderma lucidum solid culture medium). Take 4 capsules three times a day after meals. 10-20 days is a course of treatment. Side effects: a small number of patients with dry mouth, dreaminess, stomach discomfort, etc. after 3-5 days of medication, they can disappear without treatment.

④ Treatment of coronary heart disease

92 patients with coronary heart disease and suspected coronary heart disease were observed with Ganoderma lucidum syrup. The results showed that the remission rate of angina pectoris and precordial distension or tightness was 71.69%, and the improvement rate of symptoms such as cardiac fatigue, heartbeat and shortness of breath was 64.57%. More than half of the patients reported during the medication: appetite, sleep improved, good spirit. According to the preliminary observation: This product has no antihypertensive effect on hypertension, but it seems to have a certain auxiliary effect on antihypertensive drugs. It has no effect on arrhythmia. It has little effect on ECG. It is not satisfied with the effect of reducing blood cholesterol. But it has a good effect on reducing blood triglyceride, 37 of 72 cases decreased, only 10 cases increased, which shows that it has a good effect on type IV hyperlipoproteinemia. Generally no side effects, only a few patients have dizziness, insomnia, flushing face, stomach discomfort, nausea, loss of appetite, dry mouth, diarrhea, individual headache, panic

Chinese PinYin : Ling Zhi Cao