Trichosanthes kirilowii

Trichosanthes kirilowii

(Ben Jing)

[synonyms] Guochu (the book of songs), Wangpu (the spring and Autumn Annals of Lu's family), dilou (the book of songs), zeju and Zeye (Wupu materia medica), wangbai (Guangya), tiangua (GuoPu's annotation of Erya), RuRu (GuoPu's annotation of biography of Mu Tianzi), guakui (A and B classics of acupuncture and moxibustion), zegu and Cucumbers (bielu), tianyuanzi (treasure of Eastern medicine), shigua (yilinzuoyao), wild bitter gourd (Guizhou folk medicine Collection), dugua, Dadu melon (Zhejiang traditional Chinese medicine manual), yaogua (Sichuan Traditional Chinese medicine records), Yashi melon (Guangdong traditional Chinese Medicine).

[source] it is the fruit of Trichosanthes kirilowii.

Trichosanthes kirilowii

Perennial herbaceous vines, up to 10 m long. The root is thick. Stem climbing, much branched, surface with shallow longitudinal groove, smooth glabrous; tendrils axillary, slender, apex 2-branched. Leaves alternate; leaves nearly round or nearly heart-shaped, 8-20 cm in length and width, often 5-7-lobed or moderately lobed, rarely 3-lobed; lobes obovate, oblong, elliptic to oblong lanceolate, apex acute or short acuminate, margin sparsely toothed or re lobed, sparsely pilose on both sides when young, rough spots below when old. Flowers unisexual, dioecious; male flowers 3-8, arranged in racemes, sometimes solitary; calyx tubular, 2.5-4 cm long, sepals 5, linear, slightly retrovolved, 1-1.5 cm long; corolla white, lobes 5, obovate, apex finely fringed; stamens 3, filaments 4-6 mm long; female flowers solitary, sepals, petals slightly the same as male flowers; ovary inferior, long ovate, style long, stigma 3-deep It is fissured and filiform. The flesh is ovoid to broadly elliptic, orange yellow and smooth when ripe. Seeds numerous, flat, oblong ovate or ovate, margin linear striate to form narrow margin, yellowish brown at maturity. The flowering period is from July to August. The fruit period is from September to October.

It grows in hillside grass, forest edge and wet valley. It is also cultivated. It is distributed in most areas of China.

The root (trichosanthin), stem and leaf (Trichosanthes kirilowii stem and leaf), pericarp (Trichosanthes kirilowii bark) and seed (Trichosanthes kirilowii) of this plant are also used for medicine. See the special regulations for details.

[collection] the fruit can be harvested when the frost falls to the beginning of winter, the fruit is mature, and the peel surface begins to have white powder and light yellow. Cut off the fruit stalks, weave the stalks into strings, store them in the house for 2-3 days, then hang them in a cool and ventilated place to dry (about 2 months); then cut off the stalks and wrap them one by one with soft paper to keep the color. It is easy to grow insects and mould.

[medicinal material] the dried fruit is oblong or oval, about 9 cm long and 6 cm in diameter. The pericarp is orange or earthy yellow, slightly glossy and shrunken. There are round style remains at the top, slightly pointed at the base, and residual stipe. There are radial longitudinal grooves on the pericarp around the stipe. The inner surface of the placenta is yellow white and has fibers. Most of the fleshy placentas have shrunk into sticky filaments, and the seeds gather into clusters. It's as sweet as caramel. It's better to be big, unbroken, bright yellow and rich in sugar.

It is produced in most parts of the country. Mainly produced in Shandong, Anhui, Henan and other places.

The fruits of Trichosanthes kirilowii and Trichosanthes kirilowii are also used as medicine in a few areas.

[chemical constituents] the fruit contains triterpene saponins, organic acids, resins, sugars and pigments. Seeds contain fatty oil. The protein content of the fruit is different from that of the root tuber "trichosanthin", see "trichosanthin".

[pharmacological action] antibacterial and anticancer action. Trichosanthes kirilowii has some inhibitory effects on Escherichia coli, Shigella sonnei and Proteus in vitro. The aqueous extract (1:2) also inhibited some skin fungi in vitro. In vitro, the decoction of Trichosanthes kirilowii (20%) had lethal effect on ascites cancer cells. Some people think that Trichosanthes kirilowii and Trichosanthes kirilowii are effective, but the former is better. Seed shell and fatty oil were ineffective. Alcohol and ether extracts are also effective. 60% alcohol extract had the best effect in vitro. In vivo, the effect on sarcoma is stronger than that on ascites cancer cells.

Trichosanthes kirilowii contains strong purgative substances.

[processing] remove handle, wash, steam in steamer until soft, flatten and cut into pieces.

[flavor] sweet and bitter, cold.

① Cheng Wuji: "taste bitter, cold. "

② "Daily use Materia Medica": "bitter taste, cool, non-toxic. "

③ Supplement to the meaning of materia medica: "Gan, run. "

[meridian tropism] entering lung, stomach and large intestine meridians.

① According to Bencao Huiyan, "start with Shaoyin and Taiyin scriptures. "

② New edition of materia medica: "entering lung and stomach channels. "

Functions and indications: moistening the lung, resolving phlegm, dispersing nodules and smoothing the intestine. Treatment of phlegm heat, cough, chest obstruction, chest, impotence, hemoptysis, thirst, jaundice, constipation, carbuncle at the beginning.

① Bielu: "the main chest obstruction. "

② "Ben Cao Tu Jing": "master Xiaoke. "

③ As has not been: "through the chest yure.". "

④ "Shanghan Lei Yao" says: "it is a good way to Treat Spleen stagnation and drowning. "

⑤ The essence of pinhui: "eliminate phlegm, disperse carbuncle poison. "

⑥ Compendium: "moisten lung dryness, reduce fire. It can remove phlegm, eliminate sore throat, cough and carbuncle. "

⑦ Jiangsu Zhi Yao Zhi: "treating edema. "

⑧ Shanxi Traditional Chinese medicine annals: "wash your hands with melon pulp to cure frost crack. "

[usage and dosage] oral administration: decoct soup, 3-4 yuan; mash juice or put into pill or powder. External use: tamping.

[should avoid] spleen and stomach deficiency cold, stool is not solid, cold phlegm, wet phlegm is not suitable.

① "The Chinese wolfberry is used to make it. It's not dried ginger. Achyranthes bidentata, dry lacquer. Anti Aconitum. "

② "Fengyuan" in the classic: "spleen and stomach deficiency and vomiting are not available. "

③ "Ben Cao Bian Du": "cold and smooth large intestine, spleen deficiency without fire, feces is not available. "

[selection] 1. For children with diaphragmatic fever, cough, phlegm and asthma, one Fructus Trichosanthis is used. Go to the seed, for the end, with noodles and pancake, Zhihuang for the end. Each take a money, warm water lactose, three times a day, the effect is only. (Runfei powder in xuanming Lun Fang)

② Treatment of phlegm cough: a yellow hot Trichosanthes. Take out a number of seeds, according to the skin almond in, fire storage, vinegar paste for pills, such as Wuzi big. Take 20 pills each time. When you lie down, you can get white radish soup. (Lu Fu Ban Fang)

③ Treatment of asthma: Trichosanthes two, alum a piece, such as jujube big, into Trichosanthes, calcined storage, for the end. Boil the radish, dip it in the medicine and take it, then take the juice. (Gualou powder in Puji Fang)

④ Treatment of small chest disease, is the heart, according to the pain, the pulse is slippery: Coptis one or two, pinellia (wash) half up, Trichosanthes solid one. For the first three flavors, boil Trichosanthes Trichosanthes with six liters of water, take three liters, remove the dross, and take all kinds of herbs. Boil two liters, remove the dross, and take them at three different temperatures. (Xiaoxianxiong Decoction in Treatise on Febrile Diseases)

Chest pain, chest pain, chest pain, short breath, and small pulse, and close the small tight count: Trichosanthes fruit (pound), half white caterpillar onion, Baijiu seven liters. Add three flavors, cook two liters at the same time, and take them at different temperatures. (golden chamber to be asked) Trichosanthes and Baijiu Baijiu soup

Chest pain is not allowed to lie down, and heart pain is all over: one is a Trichosanthes fruit, the other is 32 Baijiu, half a jin of pinellia, and a white wine. On the four flavors, with four liters of boiling, warm one liter, three times a day. (in Synopsis of the golden chamber, Gualou Xiebai Banxia Decoction)

⑦ For the treatment of pulmonary flaccidity and hemoptysis, there are 50 Trichosanthes (with pulp, baked in tile), 50 black plum (baked), 21 almonds (peeled, pointed, fried). It's the end. Each with a twist, a thin slice of pig lung, mixed into the end, hot, cold chew pharynx, two days. (Sheng Ji Zong Lu)

⑧ Treatment of hematemesis: Trichosanthes kirilowii take the right person, paper tendon and mud through wrapped, in the top to leave an eye, calcined storage, pit in one night, to mud pound Luo for powder. Take three daggers each time and drink glutinous rice. (heishensan in Shengji Zonglu)

Wutong treat heat or upset: yellow fat Trichosanthes, one wine, a medium, wash, take pulp, peel, son, fried paste, into alum one or two, and pills such as Indus. Take ten pills with porridge regardless of time. (Sheng Hui Fang)

⑩ When the disease is yellow, the heart is crazy, hot and stuffy. Those who don't recognize people are as follows: if the fruit of Trichosanthes Trichosanthes is yellow, use fresh water for nine times, soak and extract juice, add honey for half a time, and divide it into eight parts, mix it together to make it disappear, and then take it separately. (collected prescriptions on the sea)

(11) treatment of jaundice in children, spleen heat and yellow eyes, and treatment of yellow wine: gualouqing is baked at the end. Each take a money, a water, fried seven points, to dross, pro lying clothes, five diarrhea yellow things can stand. (Puji Fang Zhuhuang SAN)

(12) for the treatment of lung dryness, heat and thirst, the secret of large intestine: take the flesh of Trichosanthes kirilowii when it is cooked in September and October, mix it with dried kudzu powder, bake it, and fry it over low heat. After eating, lie down at night, and serve with boiling soup. (Ben Cao Yan Yi)

To treat breast swelling and pain: Trichosanthes (yellow eldest), a cooked tampering, with a Baijiu, cook four liters, go to the dregs, Wen Yisheng, three days. (secret records of son and mother)

(14) in the treatment of mastitis and all carbuncle and gangrene, swelling and pain disappear at the beginning, purulence ulcers at the beginning, and purulence heals at the end: one Trichosanthes (rotten), half raw powder grass and half Angelica (washed with wine), one frankincense and one myrrh. I'll fry it in wine for a long time. (woman's good prescription: Gualou powder)

In the treatment of alcoholism, phlegm and vomiting, swelling and pain in both sides, wheezing and galloping, no food and drink: one or two flesh of Trichosanthes, half a Liang at the end of Shenqu (stir fried). Add medicine and pound it into powder. For each serving, two yuan is adjusted for onion and baijiu. (Sheng Hui Fang)

(16) treatment of intestinal wind and lower blood: Trichosanthes kirilowii (burned to ashes) and Adzuki Bean in half. On the two flavors, pestle for the end. Hollow wine makes a dagger. (Sheng Ji Zong Lu)

Treatment of redness and swelling of hot Youdan: two big two at the end of Trichosanthes kirilowii, mixed with strong vinegar. (milk producing prescription)

(18) the first treatment of stool poison: one cucumber Lou, five Coptis. Fried in water and served continuously. (Yonglei qianfang)

(19) phlegm and cough. Use one or two Trichosanthes kirilowii and seven Meretrix Meretrix Meretrix meretrix as the end, and mix them with ginger juice to make a ball, which is as big as a marble, holding the juice in your mouth. also

Chinese PinYin : Gua Lou