Benzoin

(Tang materia medica)

[source] benzoin tree of benzoin family or resin of benzoin from Vietnam.

[plant morphology] 1. Styrax tree (Youyang Zazu)

Trees, 10-20m high. The bark is green brown and the twigs are covered with brown stellate hairs. Leaves alternate, long ovate, 11 cm long, 4.5 cm wide, margin irregularly dentate, slightly glossy above, densely covered with white short stellate hairs below; petiole ca. 1 cm long. Inflorescence racemose or panicle axillary and terminal, covered with felted hairs; bracts small, caducous; calyx short campanulate, 5 shallow teeth; corolla 5-lobed, lobes lanceolate, about 3 times as long as calyx simple; calyx and petals covered with silvery white filamentous hairs outside, inner surface brownish red; stamens 8-10, Anthers linear, 2-locular; ovary superior, ovate, densely covered with white hairs, lower 2-3-locular, upper single locular, style slender, brownish red. Fruit oblate, about 2 cm long, gray brown. Seeds nutlike, reddish brown, with 6 light longitudinal stripes.

Wild or cultivated near rice fields. Sumatra and Java, Indonesia.

② Styrax Vietnam

Trees, up to 20 m high. The bark is gray, the young branches are covered with brownish yellow stellate hairs, and then smooth. Leaves alternate, ovate, 4.5-10 cm long and 2.6 cm wide, apex short and acute, base round or slightly cuneate, entire or near upper part denticulate, smooth on the top, covered with silvery white Tricholoma except main vein and lateral vein; petiole 0.6-10 mm long. Inflorescence paniculate, axillary or terminal, covered with yellow stellate hairs; flowers numerous, white; calyx cupulate, leathery, with 5-6 short triangular teeth; corolla 5-lobed, imbricate arranged, lobes ovate lanceolate, calyx and petals densely covered with yellow stellate hairs; stamens 10, 2 / 3 of corolla lobes; anthers linear, filaments unconnected and separated in tube, separated part densely covered with stellate hairs Ovary semiinferior, ovate, compressed, densely covered with yellow stellate hairs, 3-locular, style glabrous, fine. Fruit ovate, 10-12 mm long, covered with gray stellate hairs, 3-valved. One seed and two occasionally.

It is distributed in Vietnam, Laos and Thailand. It is also produced in Simao, Yunnan and Guangxi.

[collection] in summer and autumn, trees that have been growing for 5-10 years were selected. At a distance of 40 cm from the ground, triangular wounds were cut around the trunk with a sharp knife. After one week, yellow liquid began to flow out of the wounds. After removing the liquid, white fragrant resin gradually flowed, and then harvested after it was slightly dry. After that, new wounds were cut at a distance of 4cm above the wound for collection. The quality of the resin that flowed out first was the best, and the resin that was picked later was the second.

[medicinal materials] 1

It is the dry resin of plant benzoin tree. It is a lump formed by spherical particles with different sizes. The outside is reddish brown to grayish brown, embedded with yellowish white and grayish white opaque almond like particles. The surface is rough and uneven. When heated at room temperature, the hard material softens. It is fragrant and pungent.

Made in Indonesia.

② Styrax Vietnam

It is the dry resin of the plant Styrax, which is a flat tear drop or lump. The diameter of the teardrop is about 1 to several centimeters, and the thickness is about 1 cm. The outer surface is yellowish brown or dirty brown, and the inner surface is milky white. It is hard and brittle at room temperature, but softens when heated. The smell is similar to that of the previous species.

Produced in Vietnam, Thailand and other places.

Benzoin has always depended on imports. According to the report of Institute of pharmacy, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, benzoin can also be produced in China from the following three kinds of trees: Pink backed benzoin (distributed in Yunnan, Guangxi and Guangdong), green hill benzoin (distributed in Guangxi) and white leaf benzoin (distributed in Guangxi and Guangdong). The results of qualitative and quantitative tests showed that the contents of total vanillic acids in the two resins were slightly lower than those specified in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia, and the other indexes and chemical identification reactions of the resins met the requirements of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia.

[chemical constituents] the resin content of Sumatran benzoin is about 90%, and the main components are Sumatran resin acid and pinacol cinnamate. It also contains 2-3% of phenylpropyl cinnamate, 1% of vanilla aldehyde, and a small amount of cinnamyl alcohol ester, alkene, benzaldehyde, benzoic acid and cinnamic acid. The total benzoic acid and cinnamic acid in the resin are 10-20% and 10-30%, respectively.

The content of resin in Vietnamese benzoin is 70-80%, and the main components are Thai resin acid and coniferyl benzoate. It also contains 11.7% benzoic acid, 2.3% cinnamyl benzoate and 0.3% vanillin. But it does not contain cinnamic acid.

The total aromatic acids of the resins of Styrax farinae, Styrax qingshanensis and Styrax leucophylla found in China are 31%, 28% and 27-28% in sequence, and the aromatic acids are all benzoic acids. Another report is 31.09%, 25.67% and 21.17-31.46% respectively (with 100% of the resin soluble in ethanol)

[pharmacological action] Benzoin Tincture is an irritant expectorant. When inhaled in hot water, it can directly stimulate the respiratory tract mucosa and increase its secretion; it can be used in bronchitis to promote the discharge of sputum. Avoid irritating eyes, nose and throat due to too high concentration of vapor during inhalation. It can also be used as a topical preservative. Generally, the compound tincture is used.

Hard work, warm.

① "Tang Materia Medica": "taste hard, flat, non-toxic. "

② "Ben Jing Feng Yuan": "hard work, slightly sweet, flat, non-toxic. "

③ "Yucatalpa medicine solution": taste hard, warm. "

[meridian tropism] into the heart, liver and spleen meridians.

① According to the classic of Materia Medica, "start with Shaoyin heart classic. "

② "Yuluoyaojie" says: "start with Taiyin lung meridian, foot Jueyin liver meridian. "

③ "Into the heart, spleen two classics. "

[function indications] resuscitation, purgation and Qi and blood circulation. It is used to treat apoplexy, sudden convulsion, abdominal pain, postpartum hematuria, infantile convulsion, rheumatism and low back pain.

① "Tang Materia Medica" says: "I am in charge of evil. "

② "Haiyao Materia Medica": "master man's spermatorrhea, warm the kidney, ward off evil Qi. "

③ Rihuazi materia medica: "it can cure blood evil, cholera, wind pain, women's blood stasis and postpartum blood circulation. "

④ The Compendium: "to cure the evil in the middle, to work hard.". "

⑤ "The treasure of Eastern medicine" says: "fight against pestilence. "

⑥ "Materia medica:" treatment of stroke, wind arthralgia, wind epilepsy, crane knee wind, low back pain, deafness. "

⑦ "Ben Jing Feng Yuan": "stop sudden heartache and nausea. "

⑧ "From the new Materia Medica": "promote qi and blood. Study the blood, lower Qi and calm the nerves. "

⑨ "Ben Cao Bian Du": "treating apoplexy, sudden convulsion and pains in the heart and abdomen. "

⑩ "Chinese herbal medicine manual": "treatment of infantile convulsion and epilepsy. "

[usage and dosage] oral administration: Yanmo, 1-5 points; or into pills or powder. External use: smoke.

[should not] those with Yin deficiency and excessive fire should take it carefully.

"Ben Jing Feng Yuan" says: "it is forbidden to eat less due to Qi deficiency and to eat more due to yin deficiency. "

[prescription selection] ① for treating adult and child stroke, the evil Qi: benzoin for one money, podophyllum for two money, eight points, five points, dansha for one money and two points each. All grind very fine end, stone. One for each, five for each. (Fang Mai Zheng Zong)

② Treatment of sudden heartache, or after years of frequent: benzoin research end, boiling soup half money. (Shi Yi De Xiao Fang)

③ For the treatment of cold, dampness and cold air, the patients with Yin Syndrome of cholera: benzoin one money (for the end), and two money each. Take the decoction. (Ben Cao Hui Yan)

④ For the treatment of children's stomachache, bend the feet and cry: benzoin wine steamed into paste; three coins for each, and five coins for each; paste and honey refining pill, and big Gorgon seed. Take one coin for each, and send the soup. (Quan You Xin Jian Xiexiang WAN)

⑤ For women with postpartum hematuria, blood distention, mouth silence, dying: benzoin one money, (shuifeijingmo) five money. Gongheyun, take one money each time, stir fry ginger soup and adjust. (Ben Cao Hui Yan)

⑥ To cure the wind pain of Li Festival: four taels of refined pork, sliced, wrapped with two taels of benzoin, filled with ashes in a bottle, separated by a copper plate on the fire, burned with benzoin, smoked the pain with the mouth of the bottle, do not breathe. (Sheng Hui Fang)

< fontcolor = # 000000 > > the above is the full introduction of benzoin in 2018, please pay attention to more traditional Chinese medicine.

Chinese PinYin : An Xi Xiang