Tribulus terrestris

Tribulus terrestris

(Ben Cao Yan Yi)

[synonyms] CI (the book of songs), Tribulus terrestris (the biography of Mao poetry), Tribulus terrestris, Bian Bian, Tuoren, Zhixing, jackal feather, shengtui (Ben Jing), namely Tribulus terrestris (BIE Lu), Tribulus terrestris (theory of medicinal properties), Du Tribulus terrestris (Sheng Hui Fang), Xiu Yu (Gang Mu), hancao (explanation of Ben Cao Jing), Tribulus terrestris (seeking truth from Ben Cao), Tribulus triangularis (records of Chinese medicinal plants), and star anise (green) They are Tribulus terrestris L., caltrop glabra L., caltrop glabra L., Rhizoma Rehmanniae (Jiangsu Zhi Yao Zhi), Tribulus terrestris L., follicles of Tribulus terrestris L. (Shandong traditional Chinese Medicine).

[source] it is the fruit of Tribulus terrestris.

[plant morphology] Tribulus terrestris

Annual or perennial herbs, whole plant densely covered with gray white pilose. The stem is creeping, with many branches from the base. The branches are 30-60 cm long with longitudinal lines on the surface. They are double pinnate compound leaves, opposite, with petiole 2.5-6 cm long; stipules opposite, small, persistent, ovate to ovate lanceolate; leaflets 5-7 pairs, with short petiole or few sessile; leaflets oblong, 5-16 mm long, 2-6 mm wide, apex short or acute, base often oblique, only midrib and margin sparsely villous above, and dense below. Flowers: single leaf axillary, 8-20 mm in diameter, pedicel filiform; sepals 5, ovate lanceolate, margin membranous transparent; petals 5, yellow, obovate; disk annular; stamens 10, at the base of disk, 5 of which are longer and opposite to petals, each with a small gland outside the base, anthers elliptic, filamentous; ovary superior, ovate, usually 5-locular, style short, cylindric Stigma 5, linear. Fruit pentagonal, about 1 cm in diameter, composed of 5 petals, separated at maturity, each petal is ax shaped, with hard spines at both ends, each pair, apex raised, with short spines. Each fruit has 2-3 seeds. The flowering period is from May to July. The fruit period is from July to September.

Born in sand dunes and roadsides. It is distributed in most parts of the country.

The root (Tribulus terrestris root), stem and leaf (Tribulus terrestris seedling) and flower (Tribulus terrestris flower) of this plant are also used for medicine. Please refer to the special section for details.

[collection] when the fruit is ripe in autumn, the whole plant is cut, dried in the sun, the fruit is beaten down, the hard thorns are ground off, and the impurities are removed.

[herbal medicine] the dried fruit is composed of five small fruits, which are in radial pentagonal shape, 6-10 mm in diameter, and some of them exist alone. The surface of the fruit is greenish white or grayish white. The back of the fruit is raised. There are many nettles and small spines, and a pair of long spines and a pair of short spines. After grinding off the hard spines, there are residual broken marks and nettles on the surface. It is hard, spiny, and has white or yellowish white oily kernels. Odorless, bitter and pungent. It is better to have uniform, full and solid particles and gray color.

Mainly produced in Henan, Hebei, Shandong, Anhui and other places. In addition, it is also produced in Sichuan, Jiangsu, Yunnan, Shaanxi, Xinjiang, Qinghai, Jilin, Liaoning, Shanxi, Inner Mongolia, Heilongjiang, Hubei and Hunan.

[chemical constituents] the fruit contains kaempferol, kaempferol 3-glucoside, kaempferol 3-rutinoside, Tribulus terrestris and peroxidase. The dried fruit contains 3.5% of fatty oil, a small amount of volatile oil, tannin, resin, sterol, potassium salt, trace alkaloids, and 1.47% of saponins. The seeds contain alkaloids Harman and harmine, but no saponins.

[pharmacological action] 1

The aqueous extract, ethanol water extract and 30% ethanol extract of Tribulus terrestris had hypotensive effect on anesthetized animals. The alkaloids had no effect on dog blood pressure, but could inhibit frog heart. The water soluble fraction had moderate antihypertensive effect.

② Diuretic effect

Tribulus terrestris is used as a diuretic in Indian Folk; in the saline loaded rat experiment, the diuretic effect is not ideal, and the diuretic effect of its ash water extract and plant decoction is mainly due to the existence of potassium salt. But some people think that in addition to potassium, alkaloids have a certain diuretic effect, which is clinically effective for ascites and edema patients.

③ Other functions

The alkaloids and water-soluble fraction of Tribulus terrestris can inhibit the movement of small intestine in rats, which is antagonistic to acetylcholine. Plant extracts can inhibit the growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Plants contain toxic doses of potassium nitrite (in fact, plants only contain potassium nitrate, which is reduced to potassium nitrite by enzymes after eating into the body), which can cause methemoglobin and produce asphyxia.

[processing] Tribulus terrestris: remove the sediment and remove the remaining thorns. Salt Tribulus terrestris: take out the thorn Tribulus terrestris, mix well with salt water, stuffy thoroughly, put in the pot, stir fry gently until yellowish, take out, dry. (for each 100 Jin of Tribulus terrestris, use 2 Jin and 8 liang of salt, add proper amount of boiling water to make it clear)

"Lei Gong Paozhi Lun" says, "all the Tribulus terrestris should be picked up and steamed. From noon to you, they should come out and be dried on the day. They should be pounded in a wooden mortar to make the skin prickly. They should be mixed with wine and steamed again. From noon to you, they should come out and be dried on the day.". "

Bitter, pungent and warm.

① Ben Jing: "it tastes bitter and warm. "

② Bielu: "pungent, slightly cold (a work of" warm "), non-toxic. "

③ "On medicinal properties": "it tastes sweet and has little poison. "

[meridian tropism] into liver and lung meridians.

① "Lei Gong's treatment of medicinal properties": entering the lung, liver and kidney. "

② "Into the foot Jueyin liver meridian, hand Shaoyin heart meridian. "

Functions and indications: dispersing wind, improving eyesight, lowering Qi and promoting blood circulation. It is used to treat headache, itching, redness and swelling of the eyes, fullness of the chest, adverse cough, dysphoria, dysgalactia, carbuncle and rash.

① "Ben Jing": "the main evil blood, broken paralysis accumulation, throat obstruction, milk difficult. "

② Bielu: "it can be used as a rubbing powder for children with head sores, carbuncle swelling and Yin sores. "

③ According to the theory of medicinal properties, "it can treat all kinds of wind and ulcer, break the stagnant blood, treat vomiting pus, master dystocia, and remove manic heat. "

④ "Rihuazi materia medica:" it can cure the kidney qi of galloping porpoise, the lung qi and the chest diaphragm are full, and it can give birth to abortion. "

⑤ "The book of materia medica:" the main hemorrhoids leakage, Yin sweat, and women's hair, take down. "

⑥ "The compendium of Medical Sciences": "treating the secret of wind and the pain of heart and abdomen caused by Ascaris lumbricoides. "

⑦ "Meeting about medical mirror": "diarrhea lung qi and scattered liver wind, in addition to the eye red Yi membrane, lung carbuncle, milk rock, wet sore. "

⑧ "New Materia Medica" says: "it can relieve liver wind, relieve liver fire, replenish qi and remove phlegm, disperse dampness and blood, eliminate carbuncle and gangrene, and disperse sore poison. "

⑨ "Nanjing folk herbs": "red and white dysentery. "

⑩ Jiangsu Zhi Yao Zhi: "treat hypochondriac pain, treat various options, remove wind and activate blood circulation. "

[usage and dosage] oral administration: decoction, 2-3 Qian; or into pills, powder. External use: tamping or removing after grinding.

[should not] take it with caution for pregnant women with blood deficiency and weak Qi.

① "Aconitum is the emissary of the book of Materia Medica. "

② "Ben Cao Hui Yan:" Yin deficiency, the essence of blood and body fluid dry to disease, are banned. "

③ "Depaibencao": "liver deficiency, pregnancy, both banned. "

[prescription selection] ① for treating wind itching, dryness, astringency and stubborn Bi: four liang of Tribulus terrestris (stir fried with thorns, ground as the end), two liang of flaxseed (remove clothes in soup, pound as mud), three liang of Verbena, one or two liang of honeysuckle (stir fried and ground as the end). Four flavors of honey for pills. Take three dollars in the morning and three dollars in the evening. (Fang Longtan's secret)

② Treatment of eye diseases, Yizhang unknown: thorn thorn four Liang (barbed fried), Wei Rui three Liang (fried). All of them are scattered. Every morning after taking three money, white soup transfer service. (Fang Longtan's secret)

③ Treatment of chest obstruction, diaphragmatic distension stuffy or pain: a jin of Tribulus terrestris, fried with thorns, ground into fine powder. Every morning, afternoon, evening four money, white soup tune service. (Fang Longtan's secret)

④ Treatment of whole body edema: Du Tribulus terrestris day Decoction wash. (Sheng Hui Fang)

⑤ Treatment of galloping porpoise hernia: Ten liang of Tribulus terrestris (fried with thorns), three liang of fennel (fried), five yuan of frankincense and myrrh each (baked on tile). All for the end, each service three money, white soup tune service. (Fang Longtan's secret)

⑥ Treatment of acute lumbar pain: pound Tribulus terrestris seed powder, honey and pills. Wine service, such as Hu Dou Da Er Wan, three times a day. (waitai)

⑦ Treatment of Qi swelling and pain: a liter of Tribulus terrestris seed, boil to make it yellow, as the end, mix it with sesame oil like mud, stir fry to make it scorched black, apply it to the cooked cloth, such as swelling size, do not open holes to paste it. It's easy to do. (Tribulus terrestris powder in Qian Jin Fang)

⑧ Treatment of breast swelling is not good, or milk rock block swelling: thorn tribulus 2, 3 jin, fried with thorns, for the end. Every morning, afternoon, evening, whenever possible, white soup for paste transfer service. (Fang Longtan's secret)

⑨ Meridian: Angelica sinensis and Tribulus terrestris are equally divided. On the end, rice drink soup tune service, before eating. (Danggui San in Confucian Affairs)

⑩ Mieban: Fructus Tribulus terrestris and Fructus Gardeniae are combined. On the two flavors for powder, vinegar and mud, pro lying to apply, Dan wash. (emergency prescription)

(11) treatment of bleeding teeth, shaking: white Tribulus terrestris powder Dan rub it. (compendium)

(12) treatment of tooth shaking pain: Tribulus terrestris, remove the horn, study five coins, half a bowl of light serous water, dip in water and warm gargle with salt. (Imperial medicine prescription)

[discussion by famous experts] 1. In the book of Materia Medica Huiyan: "Tribulus terrestris is a medicine for removing wind and Qi, and for hydration. Its nature is Xuantong, quick defecation, can transport energy to dissipate, line liver and spleen qi stagnation, take more long service, have the function of removing stagnation. In bielu, the main diseases are wind itching, dryness and astringency, obstinate arthralgia, and all kinds of eye disorders; Zhen's prescription is mainly related to muscle knot, ulcer, lung carbuncle, lung flaccidity, cough and blood abscess; Su's prescription is mainly related to water knot, edema, gas heave, asthma, jaundice, foot Qi, etc.; Li's prescription is mainly related to blood stasis, galloping porpoise hernia, throat obstruction, chest obstruction, milk difficulty, milk rock and other diseases. Generally speaking, the wind, Qi and water are the main contents of bielu, while the Qi and water are the main contents of Zhen, Su and Li. However, although the four theories are different, it is their specialty to eliminate stagnation and bring forth new life. Therefore, in gynecological prescriptions, abortion is promoted, which is good. "

② Bencaozheng: "Tribulus terrestris is good at cooling blood, nourishing blood and nourishing yin. Stir fry with Buyi to remove thorns, and stir fry with Liangyi to remove thorns. Go to wind and detoxify, white is good. "

③ According to Ben Jing Feng Yuan, "Tribulus terrestris is an important medicine for treating wind and improving eyesight, and the wind entering Shaoyin and Jueyin meridians is the guide. Eye disease is the evil of wind and wood

Chinese PinYin : Ci Ji Li