Dipsacus asperata

Dipsacus asperata

(Ben Jing)

[synonym] longdou, belonging to zhe (Ben Jing), Jiegu, Nancao (BIE Lu), Jiegu Cao (simple formula for health) and Chuanduan (Clinical Guide).

[source] the roots of Dipsacus asperoides or Dipsacus asperoides.

[plant morphology] 1. Dipsacus asperoides (compendium), also known as Gucui grass and heshangtou (materia medica of Southern Yunnan), nourishes rape and liuhan.

Perennial herbs, 60-90 cm high. The root is long cone-shaped, the main root is obvious, or several coexist, the outer skin is yellowish brown, with slender fibrous roots. Stem erect, much branched, angulate and shallowly grooved, villous, sparsely spined on the edge. The leaves are opposite; the basal leaves have long stalks, the leaves are deeply pinnate, the apex lobes are larger, the leaf ends are pointed, and the edges are coarse serrated; the stem leaves are mostly 3-lobed, the central lobe is the largest, elliptic to ovate lanceolate, 11-13 cm long and 4-6 cm wide, the lobes on both sides are smaller, the edges are coarse serrated, and both sides are covered with white pubescence; the leaves on the stem tip are 3-lobed or entire, with short stalks, and less hairs. The flowers are small, many, in a spherical head; the involucral bracts are several, narrowly lanceolate, with one bract outside each flower, broadly obovate; the epicalyx has 4 obtuse teeth, densely pilose; the calyx is shallow discoid, 4 teeth, slightly oval triangle; the Corolla is white or light yellow, with 4 deep lobes, the base of corolla tube is gradually narrowed, the outer side is densely covered with downward villous; the stamen is 4, inserted on the upper part of corolla tube, with filaments Pistil 1, stigma short, rod-shaped and flat. Achenes elliptic cuneate, usually epicalyptus, distinctly 4-ribbed, pale brown. The flowering period is from August to September. The fruit period is from September to October.

Wild in the mountains and roadsides. Mainly distributed in Sichuan, Hubei, Hunan, Yunnan, Tibet and other places.

② Dipsacus asperata, also known as: small blood turn.

Perennial herbs, 50-100 cm high. Stem erect, angulate and shallowly grooved, densely white pilose, with coarse bristles on the edge. The leaves are opposite; the basal leaves have long stalks, mostly pinnate or 3-lobed, occasionally intact; the stem leaves are mostly 3-5-pinnate, with the largest central lobe, elliptic to elliptic broadly ovate, 8-16 cm long and 3-8 cm wide; the apex is acuminate, the base is cuneate, the lobes on both sides are smaller, and the lower side of the base extends into a wing; the leaves on the stem tip are smaller, 3-lobed, the central lobe is lanceolate, and the two sides are split Leaf blade smaller, linear; margin coarsely serrate, both sides densely covered with white appressed pilose, abaxial veins often spiny. Inflorescence globose or broadly elliptic; involucral bracts several, linear, each flower with an obovate bract, apex coarsely spiny, margin with green needling hairs; epicalyx densely pubescent; calyx shallow discoid, 4-toothed, densely pubescent; corolla reddish purple, 4-lobed, lobes oval; stamen 4, inserted on the upper part of corolla tube, slightly extended or not extended out of corolla; pistil 1, Ovary inferior, style slender. Achene wedge-shaped oblong, 5-6 mm long, 4-ribbed, light brown, calyx persistent. The flowering period is from August to September. The fruit period is from September to October.

It grows on hillside grassland, where the soil is wet or beside the stream. It also grows on sunny slope grassland. Distributed in Hebei, Anhui, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Fujian, Guangxi, Jiangxi, Shanxi, Guizhou, Shaanxi and other places.

[collection] from August to October, collect and dig, wash the sediment, remove the root head, tail tip and fine root, and dry in the shade or Kang.

[medicinal material] the dry roots are long cylindrical, tapering downward or slightly curved, 7-10 cm long and 1-1.5 cm in diameter. The surface is grayish brown or yellowish brown, with twisted longitudinal wrinkles and shallow furrows, transverse cracks of lenticels, and a few root marks. Hard and brittle, easy to break. The section is not flat, slightly horny, the skin is brown, the width is about half of the wood, the cambium is slightly reddish brown, this part is light brown or gray green. The vascular bundles were arranged radially, slightly dark green. It is slightly fragrant, bitter, sweet and astringent. It is better to be coarse, firm, easy to break, yellowish brown on the outside and grey green on the inside.

It is mainly produced in Hubei, Sichuan, Hunan and Guizhou. It is also produced in Shaanxi, Yunnan, Jiangxi and Guangdong.

[chemical constituents] the roots of Cynanchum wilsonii contain alkaloids and volatile oil, and the roots of Cynanchum wilsonii contain alkaloids and volatile oil.

[processing] Dipsacus asperoides: wash the sediment, remove the residual root, moisten thoroughly, slice and dry in the sun, and sift to remove the scurf. Stir fry Dipsacus asperata: put the slices into the pot and stir fry gently until slightly scorched. Dipsacus asperata: put the Dipsacus asperata into the pot, add salt water and stir fry until dry. (each piece is 100 Jin.). 2 jin of salt, add boiling water, appropriate amount of water) Dipsacus asperata: take the Dipsacus asperata, mix well with wine and suck it dry, put it into the pot and fry it dry with slow fire. (add 100kg pieces and 20kg yellow rice wine)

[flavor] bitter and pungent, slightly warm.

① Ben Jing: "it tastes bitter and slightly warm. "

② "Diannan Materia Medica": "warm, slightly bitter, slightly acid. "

③ The classic of materia medica: "bitter, sweet and pungent, slightly warm, non-toxic. "

[Guijing] into the liver and kidney channels.

① "Into the liver. "

② "Lei Gong's treatment of medicinal properties": entering the liver and kidney meridians. "

Functions and indications: tonifying the liver and kidney, reinforcing muscles and bones, and regulating blood vessels. It is used to treat backache, weakness of feet and knees, fetal leakage, metrorrhagia, leucorrhea, spermatorrhea, traumatic injury, golden sore, hemorrhoid leakage, carbuncle and swelling.

① "Ben Jing" says: "it is mainly used to treat febrile diseases, tonify deficiency, ulcers, carbuncle and ulcer, break and fall, continue muscles and bones, women's milk is difficult, and it is necessary to take Yiqi for a long time. "

② Bielu: "the main collapse in the leakage of blood, golden sore blood leakage, pain, muscle, wrist injury, evil blood, low back pain, joint urgency. "

③ According to the theory of medicinal properties, "the main way is to eliminate injuries, remove all kinds of warm poisons, and dredge meridians. "

④ "Rihuazi Materia Medica": "help Qi, regulate blood vessels, tonify five labors and seven injuries, break hundred knots and blood stasis, detumescence and toxin, intestinal wind, hemorrhoids and fistula, mastitis, scrofula, flutter damage, all diseases of women before and after childbirth, yellowish face, deficiency and swelling, reduce defecation, stop ejaculation, hematuria, fetal leakage, uterine cold. "

⑤ "Diannan Materia Medica" says: "tonifying the liver, strengthening the muscles and bones, walking the meridians, stopping the pain in the meridians (muscles and bones), tranquilizing the fetus, treating women's leucorrhea, generating new blood, breaking blood stasis, falling dead Yi, stopping cough and coughing up blood, treating red, white and turbid stool. "

⑥ "The picture of Materia Medica in the south of Yunnan" says: "it can cure all unknown swelling and poisons, Myrica rubra, tianpao and other sores. "

[usage and dosage] oral administration: decoction, 2-4 Qian; or into pills, powder. External use: tamping.

[taboo] 1. In Ben Cao Jing Ji Zhu: "Rehmannia glutinosa is the cause. Evil thunder pill. "

② "To match the materia medica": "do not use the first dysentery, anger depressed prohibited. "

[prescription selection] ① for lumbago with sore feet and soft legs: Rhizoma dipsaci (22 Liang), ragged paper, Achyranthes bidentata, papaya, millet; Eucommia ulmoides Oliv (12 Liang each). On the fine powder, refining honey for the bolus Tung big. Fifty or sixty pills of hollow ashless wine. (Fu Shou Jing Fang Xu Duan WAN)

② To cure the old people's cold and pain: Dipsacus asperata and Achyranthes bidentata. On the end of the fine, warm wine tune two money, before eating. (Xuduan powder of Wei's family collection)

③ For two or three months of gestation and fetal movement: Dipsacus asperata (soaked in wine) and Eucommia ulmoides Oliv (fried with ginger juice). At the end of the day, the jujube meat was cooked, and the pestle and pill were big. Take 30 pills each time and drink rice. (compendium)

④ Treatment of slippery fetus: four liang of dodder (fried, stewed), two liang of sangsheng, two liang of Dipsacus asperoides, two liang of Ejiao. The first three ingredients will be refined and hydrated donkey hide gelatin will be added into the pill. Take 20 pills each time, and then take them every day. (Shoutai Pill in Zhongshen Xilu of Medicine)

⑤ To treat the injury of beating and rushing, and to flash the bone knot: to smash and destroy the jiegucao. (Yi Jian Fang for health)

⑥ Treatment of postpartum blood circulation, heart and abdomen, cold and hot: Dipsacus three Liang, rough mash screen, each take two money dagger, with water one, fried to seven minutes, to dross warm clothes. (Xuduan Decoction in Shengji Zonglu)

⑦ It's not good for milk treatment: Dipsacus asperata is five yuan, Angelica sinensis and Ligusticum chuanxiong are one yuan and five Fen each, ephedra and Ligusticum chuanshanjia are two yuan each, and trichosanthin is three yuan. Water two big bowls, fry eight minutes, take after eating. (Ben Cao Hui Yan)

⑧ For the treatment of breast carbuncle, it can be eliminated at the beginning, and cured after a long time: eight Liang Dipsacus asperata (soaked in wine, fried), four Liang dandelion (dried on the day, fried). Every morning and evening, each take three money, white soup tune down. (Ben Cao Hui Yan)

⑨ Treatment of edema: continue to cut roots, stew pig kidney food. (Hunan medical records)

[discussion by famous experts] 1. Bencao Huiyan: "Dipsacus is a medicine for replenishing blood vessels. In most cases, the broken blood vessels, the injured muscles and bones, the stagnated joints, and the damaged pregnancy are not so disadvantageous. If you take it for a long time, it can benefit Qi and energy, and has the effect of Tonifying the injury and generating blood. It can be used in gynecology and surgery. "

② Bencaozheng: "Dipsacus, with its bitter. Its taste is bitter and heavy, so it can enter the blood, regulate the blood, detumescence, mastitis, rash, hemorrhoids flaccidity, treat the damage and fall, and continue the muscles and bones blood; its taste is astringent, so it can treat hematemesis, rash, avalanche, fetal leakage, hematochezia, urine blood, regulate blood dysentery, reduce stool, stop spermatorrhea and turbidity. Supplemented with sweet, such as licorice, rehmannia, ginseng, yam and so on, its effect is particularly quick. "

③ "Medicine Huayi" says: "Dipsacus is good at nourishing blood vessels, skin and hair, managing blood vessel injuries, and connecting broken bones and muscles. It can eliminate carbuncle and scrofula on the outside, clear hemorrhoids and hemorrhoids on the inside, and red Intestines on the inside. It is most stable because of its clear Qi and taste, and regulating menstruation during pregnancy and childbirth. And bitter can strengthen the kidney, Xin can run the kidney, can treat frequent urination, fine smooth dream, back ache, foot and knee weakness, this is also kidney disease. If it is used together with aster, it can regulate blood and moisten dryness, treat blood dryness and then close, and can promote blood Qi without discharging. "

④ "Seeking truth from Materia Medica": "Dipsacus is the first medicine to dredge Qi, blood, muscles and bones. Second, because of thin Qi and see spermatorrhea, fetal movement, drowning, blood loss and other diseases, and deep taboo, to the sexual obscenity of the ear. It is the same as Rehmannia glutinosa, Achyranthes bidentata, Eucommia ulmoides and Morinda officinalis, but there are subtle differences in warming and tonifying. "

⑤ "Bencao Zhengyi" says: "Dipsacus, which passes through all kinds of channels, can continue to eliminate injuries and regulate qi and blood." Benjing "says that it dominates typhoid fever and replenishes deficiency, and it is extremely effective in regulating meridians. However, the word "Han" of typhoid fever can't be explained. The doubt is regarded as middle, but the old version is all about typhoid fever,

Chinese PinYin : Xu Duan