Wu Qiwei

Wu Qiwei

Wu Qiwei

(1891-july 10, 1953), with the name of Qingyun and wusheng. He is from Dapu, Guangdong Province. General of the National Revolutionary Army, a famous general in the Northern Expedition and anti Japanese war. He graduated from the sixth Military Academy of Baoding in 1919. He graduated from the first grade a general class of the Army University. During the northern expedition, he successively served as chief of staff of the 36th regiment, head of the 34th regiment, division commander of the 12th division and commander of the Fourth Army of the national revolutionary army. In 1937, he led his troops to take part in the battle of Songhu on August 13. He fought with the Japanese army in Dachang for three days and nights on the front lines of Jiading and Luodian in Shanghai, annihilating thousands of enemies. As a result, his fourth army won the title of "Iron Army", and Wu Qiwei also won the title of "mother of Anti Japanese Iron Army". Later, he served as commander in chief of the ninth group army of the National Revolutionary Army, commander in chief of the former enemy in the ninth theater, deputy commander in chief of the fourth theater, deputy commander in chief of the sixth theater, and commander in chief of the Yangtze River defense force. He fought against Japan in Guangdong, Jiangxi, Hunan and Hubei. He successively commanded the Wanjialing campaign and the battle of Western Hubei, and won the medal of the blue sky and white sun awarded by the national government. After the victory of the Anti Japanese War, he was awarded the Anti Japanese War Victory Medal.

After the victory of the Anti Japanese War, he served as chairman of the Hunan provincial government, member of the Sixth Central supervisory committee of the Kuomintang, deputy director of Wuhan camp, deputy commander in chief of the North China "suppression general" command, and deputy director of Xuzhou appeasement office and Guangdong appeasement office. In 1948, he served as executive member of the Central Committee of the democratic revolution. In May 1949, Wu Qiwei led an uprising in Dongjiang area of Guangdong Province. In the same year, as one of the representatives of the South China Liberation Army, Wu Qiwei attended the first plenary session of the Chinese people's Political Consultative Conference. After the founding of the people's Republic of China, he served successively as member of the Central South military and political Commission, member of the people's Government of Guangdong Province, member of the first CPPCC National Committee, etc. On July 10, 1953, he died in Beijing at the age of 63. His ashes were buried in Babaoshan Revolutionary Cemetery.

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Wu Qiwei was born in mikeng village, huliao Town, Dapu County, Guangdong Province in 1891. Fourth of the brothers. Because of his poor family, when he was 10 years old, he left home to work as a young man in his uncle's shops in Lianping, Huizhou and other places. He is intelligent, studious, diligent and appreciated by his uncle. With the support of his uncle, he finished primary and secondary school in Huizhou. At the age of 13, he worked as a boy in a shop in Laolong. Later, he was subsidized. He studied in Huangpu Army primary school and Wuchang Army primary school in Guangzhou, and then entered Baoding Army Military Academy. He graduated from the sixth military academy. Later, he served as a trainee platoon leader in Chen Jiongming Department of Guangdong, and successively served as platoon leader, company commander and deputy battalion commander. Later, he served as commander of the Fourth Army of the National Revolutionary Army, commander in chief of the ninth group army of the National Revolutionary Army, commander of the Yangtze River defense in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River, deputy commander of the sixth war zone, chairman of the Hunan provincial government and other important positions.

During the period of the national revolution, he took part in the wars of unifying Guangdong and the northern expedition. During the ten-year civil war, he took part in the fourth and fifth encirclement and suppression of the Central Soviet area. After the long march of the Red Army, he led his troops to pursue the Red Army to Sichuan.

After the outbreak of the Anti Japanese War, Wu Qiwei resolutely fought against Japan with all his strength. He led the Fourth Army to Jiading and Luodian to fight against the Japanese front line and launched a fierce battle with the Japanese army. In order to defend the territory of the motherland, after three days and nights of hand-to-hand and bloody fighting, the stubborn enemy was finally defeated and thousands of enemies were annihilated. Wu Qiwei led the Fourth Army and won the title of "Iron Army". After that, he led his troops to participate in the battle of Songhu on August 13, the battle of Wanjialing in Wuhan, the battle of Nanxun line and the battle of Western Hubei, and won the medal of green sky and white sun.

Life of the characters

1926-1937

In 1926, at the beginning of the northern expedition, he served as the chief of staff of the 36th Regiment under Zhang Fakui, the 12th division of the Fourth Army of the national revolutionary army. In the battle of tingsiqiao, Huang Qixiang and his commander led the attack on tingsiqiao, which was held by Wu Peifu. In the spring of 1927, he was promoted to head of the 34th regiment of the 12th division of the 4th Army. In September, he was promoted to deputy division commander of the 12th division and head of the 30th regiment of the national revolutionary army. In November, he served as division commander of the 12th division of the 4th Army. In the spring of 1929, he joined the Chiang Kai Shek GUI war with Chiang Kai Shek. In September, he sent a telegram with Zhang Fakui to fight against Chiang Kai Shek. In May 1930, he took part in the Central Plains war against Chiang Kai Shek.

After the September 18th Incident, the fourth division was expanded into the Fourth Army, and he was promoted to commander of the Fourth Army. Later, he was ordered by Chiang Kai Shek to take part in the fourth and fifth "encirclement and suppression" of Jiangxi Soviet area. In the spring of 1933, he served as the commander of the second column of the central road army and took part in the encirclement and suppression of the central revolutionary base. Later, he served as commander of the 7th column of the northern route army and deputy commander in chief of the 6th Route Army of the northern route army. In 1935, the red army returned to Zunyi after crossing Chishui three times. He was severely reprimanded by Chiang Kai Shek for not sending troops to rescue him.

In April 1935, he was promoted to lieutenant general of the national revolutionary army. In the summer of 1937, he was the leader of the first brigade of Lushan officer training regiment, and in September, he was the head of the 18th Corps.

In October 1937, he served as deputy commander in chief of the 19th group army and commander of the 4th Army of the national revolutionary army.

When the "August 13" Anti Japanese war broke out in Shanghai, he was ordered to lead the Fourth Army to the front lines of Jiading and Luodian in Shanghai. He fought with the Japanese army in Dachang for three days and nights, annihilating thousands of enemies with remarkable results. Therefore, its troops won the title of "Iron Army". Shanghai citizens elected Guo Moruo, Xie Bingying and other cultural celebrities to lead the delegation to the battlefield. Soon, he was promoted to commander in chief of the ninth group army.

Battle of Wanjialing

Also known as the battle of De'an, in 1938, in the battle sequence of Wuhan, the National Revolutionary Army severely damaged the 106th division of the Japanese army in the area of Wanjialing.

On the Chinese side, they are the first group army, the ninth group army, the 10th group army, the 4th Army, Ou Zhen, the 66th army, ye Zhao, the 74th army, Yu Jishi, the 187th division, the 91st division, the 142nd division, the 60th division, the 19th division, the new 13th division, the preparatory 6th Division, a brigade of the 139th division, and a brigade of the new 15th division, More than 100000 people. The former commander in chief of the enemy was Wu Qiwei, commander in chief of the ninth group army of the national revolutionary army.

Wu Qiwei's ninth group army of the National Revolutionary Army, under the jurisdiction of the 64th, 70th, 25th, 4th, 8th and 66th armies, was stationed in Jiangxi and participated in the battle of Wuhan. It was the main force in the great victory of Wanjialing. Four Japanese regiments were annihilated in the war.

On the order of Okamura Ningci, the 106th division of the Japanese army intended to break through the National Army's front from Wanjialing. It was discovered by Wu Qiwei's military headquarters reconnaissance team, commanding the Fourth Army, Ou Zhen, the 66th army, ye Zhao, and the 74th army, Yu Jishi, to detour from the side to the back and encircle them. Gangcun Ningci later ordered the first brigade of the 27th division to reinforce the 106th division. However, in the area of baishuijie to the west of Wanjialing, he was defeated by Shang Zhen, commander of the 20th group army and the 32nd army.

On October 7, the Chinese army launched a general offensive, fought fiercely for three days and nights, and defeated the Japanese army many times to fight back. The Japanese army was lost, isolated and cut off supplies. On the 10th, four brigades and regiments were annihilated and one was defeated. Although the brigade and regiment flags were captured, it is a pity that the division and regiment flags were not found.

On October 10, due to isolation and lack of supplies, the 106th division of the Japanese Army (due to some troops stationed in Jiujiang, the actual number of participants was about 13000) and the 101st division and 27th division, which came to rescue, were destroyed in the encirclement by four regiments: Aoki, Ikeda, Mudao and Tsuda. In the end, only about 1500 remnant troops of the 106 division broke through the encirclement and escaped, which is known as the great victory of Wanjialing in Chinese history.

The National Revolutionary Army succeeded in encircling and annihilating most of the main force of the 106th division, and only about 1500 people escaped. This campaign is

Close to the first time since the Anti Japanese war

The whole Japanese division.

The former commander in chief of the Wanjialing campaign was Wu Qiwei, commander in chief of the ninth group army of the national revolutionary army. Like Xue Yue, Wu Qiwei also took the lead in commanding the front line. Once he was on the phone with Ou Zhen, commander of the Fourth Army, when the enemy plane dived and strafed, Wu Qiwei ignored it until the enemy plane smashed his phone. The main force of the battle was Chiang Kai Shek's 74th army. Before the battle of Wanjialing, Chiang Kai Shek called Xue Yue and asked him to transfer his 74th army to Changsha to recuperate. Xue Yue called back: "I can't adjust it down." Jiang called again: "the 74th army suffered heavy casualties in Minshan and should be transferred to make up for them." Xue Hui called back: "the fighting time of all the armies in northern Jiangxi is longer than that of the 74th army commander, and the casualties are greater than that of the 74th army. All the armies have not been transferred to make up for it. Please postpone the adjustment of the 74th army." A good "will be outside, your life will not be" posture, facts have proved that he is right.

General Ye Ting once evaluated the Wanjialing campaign as follows:“

Wanjialing victory

Hongdu

When he was in danger, he served as a safeguard for Jianghan, and cooperated with Pingxingguan

Taierzhuang

Third, fame should be immortal

。”

In late July 1938, the war situation in the whole country changed dramatically, and Jiujiang was in a crisis. He was ordered to lead the Ninth Army to the rescue. However, when they arrived at Shahe Town, the Japanese army had already occupied Jiujiang, and used the Yangtze River and Poyang Lake to send more warships, with the cooperation of the air force, to go south on a large scale. He directed the troops to extend eastward from the Shahe River and took the initiative to counterattack. After four days and nights of hard struggle, he restrained the Japanese offensive and caused more than 20000 casualties, so that the Zhixun line (Nanchang to Jiujiang) armies (Wuhan garrison commander, commander-in-chief of the 19th group army Luo Zhuoying and other troops) could hold the Anti Japanese war for five months. This battle caused a sensation all over the country for a while and was praised as the biggest victory of the Taierzhuang society after the war. In the autumn of 1938, Guangzhou fell. Zhang Fakui, the new commander of the fourth theater (Guangdong), transferred his troops back to Guangdong from the Nanxun line. He served as the deputy commander of the fourth theater and the commander in chief of the ninth group army, and later as the deputy commander and the commander in chief of the border regions of Guangdong, Fujian and Jiangxi, and the appeasement director of the border regions. He was stationed in Xingning County, Guangdong Province, and was responsible for commanding the Anti Japanese War and the war of three provinces on the Chaoshan front line The task of appeasement in the provincial border region.

Autumn of 1939

Chinese PinYin : Wu Qi Wei