Shuxingbei

Shuxingbei

Shu Xingbei (October 1, 1907 - October 30, 1983) was born in Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province. Great theoretical physicist, known as "the father of China's radar.".

From 1913 to 1914, Mr. Shu Xingbei studied in Siwei private school in his hometown of Touqiao Antie; from 1916, he studied in Daqiao town primary school in Jiangdu County; from 1919 to September 1921, he studied in Mingde middle school in Taizhou; from July 1924, he transferred to Runzhou middle school in Zhenjiang, and then studied in Zhijiang University in Hangzhou and Qilu University in Jinan; from April 1926, he went to the United States at his own expense, and successively studied in Duke University in Kansas and Jiujiang University He studied at the University of California, University of Berlin, University of Edinburgh, University of Cambridge and Massachusetts Institute of technology in Jinshan. After returning to China in September 1931, he taught at Nanjing Central Military Academy, Zhejiang University, Jinan University, Jiaotong University and Shandong University. In May 1978, Shu Xingbei was employed as a researcher by the first Institute of Oceanography of Qingdao ocean administration. At 3 a.m. on October 30, 1983, he was suffering from chronic diseases He died of bronchiolitis and cor pulmonale in Qingdao.

Shu Xingbei devoted all his life to China's education and scientific research. He had a deep foundation in mathematical physics. His lectures were ideological and enlightening. He trained a group of excellent physics talents. He was one of the early physicists engaged in the research of quantum mechanics and relativity in China, and later turned to the research of gas science. In his later years, he made great contributions to the research of Marine Physics in China.

Life of the characters

Early experience

Mr. Shu Xingbei was born in kaishanian Siwei, jiutiezhou, Jiangdu County, Jiangsu Province in the 33rd year of Guangxu reign of the Qing Dynasty (August 24, the fourth year of the fourth lunar calendar, October 1, 1907). From 1913 to 1914, Mr. Shu Xingbei went to his hometown Touqiao to study in Siwei private school. He was enlightened by his uncle Wei Chuqiao. In 1916, he went to Daqiao primary school in Jiangdu county. From 1919 to September 1921, he entered Taizhou Mingde middle school. In July 1924, he transferred to the senior high school of Zhenjiang Runzhou middle school. In September, he studied in Hangzhou Zhijiang University. In September 1925, he studied in Jinan Qilu University (now Baotu Spring campus of Shandong University).

Study abroad

In April 1926, he went to the United States to study at his own expense and entered the third year of Physics Department of byCK University in Kansas. In February 1927, he transferred to the University of California in San Francisco to study; in July, he traveled to Europe through Japan, Korea, Moscow and Warsaw, and worked as a research assistant for a period of time at the Emperor William Institute of physics at Berlin University, where Einstein taught. in October 1928, he went to the University of Edinburgh for further study under the guidance of theoretical physicists E.T. Whittaker and C.G. Darwin. In January 1930, he received a master's degree, and then went to Cambridge University for postgraduate study. In September 1930, he returned to the United States and entered the Massachusetts Institute of technology, where he studied under Professor D.J. Struik as a research assistant and continued his postgraduate study. In May 1931, he received his master of Science degree again.

Teaching in China

In September 1931, he went back to visit his relatives and married Ms. Ge chuhua in 1931. During the September 18th Incident, when the country was in great crisis, Mr. Shu Xingbei joined the army and was employed as a physics instructor in Nanjing Central Military Academy in January 1932. In July 1932, he left Nanjing Central Military Academy for violating Chiang Kai Shek; in September, he was employed as an associate professor in the Department of physics of Zhejiang University. In 1933, he studied general relativity. In July 1935, all the teachers and students of the Department of physics left the school because they opposed the president's arbitrary behavior; in August, Shu Xingbei went to Shanghai to be a professor and head of the Department of mathematics of Jinan University and a professor of the Department of physics of Jiaotong University. After Zhu Kezhen became president of Zhejiang University in April 1936, he hired all the teachers and technicians of the former physics department to return to the University. Shu Xingbei also returned to Zhejiang University in August 1936 and became a professor the next year. During the Anti Japanese War, he went to Zunyi and Meitan in Guizhou with his school. From October 1944 to September 1945, he was employed as a technical consultant in the technical office of Chongqing military command department for one year. In the spring of 1945, he led the development of China's first radar. In August, he made an academic report on atomic bomb theory. In 1946, he was demobilized with the University and returned to Hangzhou. Since then, he has been a professor of Qilu University and Zhijiang University. In 1952, he became a professor in the Department of physics, Shandong University, Qingdao, due to the adjustment of the Department of physics. In that year, the Department of oceanography was established in Shandong University. The meteorological section of the Department of physics was transferred to the Department of Oceanography. Shu Xingbei was the director of the Meteorological Research Office of the Department of Oceanography.

Wrong criticism

In 1955, he was suspended from his post for examination during the "elimination of counter revolutionaries" movement. The conclusion of the examination was that there was no historical problem of counter revolution, and he publicly announced the abolition of political suspicion. In 1957, during the anti rightist movement, he was criticized for his frank criticism of the wrong practices in the anti rightist movement and for his proposal to abide by the legal system. In October 1958, Shu Xingbei was wrongly identified as an "extreme rightist" and "historical counter revolutionary", dismissed from public office and punished for "controlling labor" for three years. In 1960, Shu Xingbei transferred to Qingdao Medical College as a teacher and continued to control labor. In August 1964, he put forward a request to relevant organizations to study nuclear weapons. 1965, deregulation. In the same year, he completed China's first special relativity. In May 1978, Shu Xingbei was employed as a researcher by the first Institute of Oceanography of Qingdao ocean administration to carry out marine physics research. In the spring of 1979, he participated in China's first intercontinental ballistic missile test; in the same year, Shu Xingbei was completely rehabilitated and his reputation was completely restored.

Old age experience

Since 1981, Shu Xingbei has been elected honorary president of Shandong and Qingdao physical societies, vice president and honorary president of Chinese society of marine physics. In January 1983, he was a member of the fifth Shandong Provincial Committee of the Chinese people's Political Consultative Conference. At 3 am on October 30, 1983, Mr. Shu Xingbei died of chronic bronchitis and pulmonary heart disease in Qingdao. During his critical illness, he felt that although he was in his seventies, his brain was still as old as his twenties and thirties, and asked to donate his body for medical research. According to his will, the family members of Mr. Shu submitted an "application for donation of the body" to the relevant units and completed the handover of the body. during this period, leading groups at all levels of Qingdao Medical College were exchanging blood, and Shu Xingbei's body was forgotten. Half a year later, someone suddenly thought of Shu Xingbei. When he sent someone to see him, he found that his body was rotten. Seeing that the body could not be dissected and even the value of the specimen had been lost, the leaders sent two students to bury it in the "she Lin Zi" after the medical college. To "shelinzi", you have to walk through the main entrance of the medical college. In this way, you have to go around a big circle. Two college students, in order to save trouble, buried Shu Xingbei's body under the parallel bars near the school basketball court.

Main contributions

Achievements in scientific research

In 1941, in view of the divergence difficulty in the calculation of high-order perturbation of quantum electromagnetic field, Shu Xingbei proposed to cut off the upper term of divergence and continue the calculation to obtain the electromagnetic field correction of atomic energy level. This idea is close to bate's idea of calculating lamb effect in 1947. He calculated the electron energy level of helium and got the same correction value as bate. He thinks that the uncertainty relation is the basic principle. For single event system, the uncertainty relation should be able to directly give the ground state energy of the system. According to this point of view, he successfully deduced the energy levels of the ground states of harmonic oscillator, hydrogen atom and hydrogen like atom, and the results were published in the British Journal of philosophy. in electrodynamics, Maxwell equations have both a delayed solution and a leading solution. It is generally considered that the leading solution does not conform to the law of causality and is abandoned. But Shu Xingbei thinks that if the equation is mathematically correct, the solution that meets the general physical requirements should not be discarded. After careful study, he proved that when the boundary conditions are properly paid attention to, the advanced solution is equal to the delayed solution, which does not violate the law of causality, and it is correct to abandon the advanced solution under the boundary conditions of outward radiation that people are interested in. during the Anti Japanese War, in Meitan, he worked with workers to repair a scrapped generator and a refrigerator. He cooperated with Ren Zhongying, a laboratory technician, to develop nickel coating on copper and iron, which won the National Award at that time. In 1944, due to the need of national defense, he presided over the development of radar and successfully detected targets about 10 kilometers away from the ground. In 1945, J.A. Wheeler and R.P. feymann attributed the radiation to the existence of absorber. Shu Xingbei published an article on this. According to his proof that the advanced solution and the delayed solution of the wave equation are equal, he proved that "the reaction of the absorber" does not exist, and he thought that what they called "the absorber" has no physical reality. Before 1952, Shu Xingbei's research work in physics involved many fields, such as relativity, quantum mechanics, electrodynamics, statistical mechanics and so on. Dirac put forward the relativistic equation of motion of electron in 1928, which laid the foundation of relativistic quantum mechanics. This great theory immediately caused a great sensation. Darwin had a strict solution to the Dirac equation. During this period, Shu Xingbei just learned from Darwin and studied at Cambridge University where Dirac lived, so he was also very interested in Dirac equation. After the Dirac equation was put forward, many scholars have studied the mathematical basis and representation of the equation

Chinese PinYin : Shu Xing Bei