Lin Biao

Born in linjiadawan, Huanggang, Hubei Province on December 5, 1907. He was enrolled in a private school at the age of 9 and has studied in Junxin school founded by Lin Yunan, Yun Daiying and others in badouwan, Huanggang since the age of 13. At the age of 15, he transferred to Wuchang Gongjin middle school and joined the China Socialist Youth League in 1923. He was designated by the Wuchang prefectural Party committee of the Communist Youth League as the League branch secretary of Gongjin middle school. In the "May 30th" anti imperialist movement in 1925, he actively participated in the student movement, initiated the establishment of "Gongjin Book Society", organized students to read progressive books and periodicals, and established "Gongjin monthly magazine" under the guidance of Chen Tanqiu and others. Later, he was elected by the Hubei Student Federation to attend the Seventh Congress of the all China Student Federation in Shanghai. In the autumn of the same year, after graduating from Gongjin middle school, he returned to Linjia Dawan. His parents asked him to find a teaching career nearby in order to take care of his family life. But he persuaded his parents to give up teaching and join the army. Later, with the approval of the local Communist Party organization, he went south to Guangzhou and was admitted to the fourth phase of Huangpu Military Academy. He was arranged in the third company of the second battalion of the second regiment of the infantry section, and was renamed Lin Biao at the same time. He was transferred from the Communist Youth League to the Communist Party of China at Huangpu Military Academy and served as the Secretary of the CPC branch of the third company. After graduation in October 1926, he went north from Guangzhou to Wuhan and was assigned to Ye Ting independent regiment of the Fourth Army of the National Revolutionary Army as a trainee platoon leader to participate in the northern expedition. In April 1927, he participated in the second Northern Expedition held by Wuhan National Government with the 73rd regiment of the 25th division (adapted from Ye Ting independent regiment), and went through Shangcai, Linying and other battles. Moved to Jiujiang with the Ministry in July. On August 2, Nie Rongzhen and Zhou Shidi directly led the Nanchang Uprising. After the uprising, he served as the commander of the 7th company of the 3rd Battalion of the 73rd regiment. In October of the same year, after the rebel army failed in Chaozhou, Shantou, Guangdong, it moved to the border areas of Fujian, Guangdong, Jiangxi and Hunan with Zhu De and Chen Yi.

In January 1928, he participated in the southern Hunan uprising and was changed to the commander of the 2nd company of the 1st Battalion of the 1st division of the workers' and peasants' revolutionary army. In April of the same year, he arrived in Jinggangshan with the southern Hunan uprising army, successively served as the battalion commander and head of the 28th regiment of the Fourth Army of the Chinese workers' and peasants' Red Army, and participated in the anti "advance suppression" and anti "joint suppression" struggle in the Jinggangshan revolutionary base. In January 1929, he marched into southern Jiangxi and Western Fujian with Zhu De and Mao Zedong, and served as the leader of the first column of the Fourth Red Army (also known as the commander) in March. During this period, he supported Mao Zedong to continue to serve as the former Secretary of the Fourth Red Army. At the end of the year, he raised the question of "how long can the red flag be played" in his new year congratulatory letter to Mao Zedong. Mao Zedong later wrote a famous reply entitled "a single spark can start a prairie fire". In June 1930, he served as the commander of the 4th Army of the 1st Red Army Corps, and in March 1932, he served as the commander in chief of the 1st Red Army Corps (later known as the army commander). He led the headquarters to participate in important campaigns in Wenjia City, Changsha, Ji'an, Ganzhou, Zhangzhou, Nanxiong Shuikou, Le'an Yihuang, Jinxi Zixi and other important campaigns and counter "encirclement and suppression" in the Central Soviet area. He has served as the main attack task of campaigns and battles for many times, Become one of the senior commanders of the red front army who can recruit and be good at war. During this period, he was also elected as a member of the General Front Committee of the first red front army of the Communist Party of China, a member of the Central Bureau of the Communist Party of China Soviet region, an executive member of the first and second central committees of the Soviet Republic of China, and a member of the Central Revolutionary Military Commission. After the long march of the Central Red Army began in October 1934, he and Nie Rongzhen headquarters participated in the battle of breaking through the four blockades of the Kuomintang army and forcibly crossing the Wujiang River. In January 1935, he participated in the enlarged meeting of the Political Bureau held by the CPC Central Committee in Zunyi, Guizhou. After the meeting, he commanded the Red Army 1 corps to participate in the four crossing of Chishui, skillfully crossing Jinsha River, forcibly crossing Dadu River, seizing Luding Bridge and other operations. In September of the same year, the first red front army was renamed Shaanxi Gansu detachment, serving as deputy commander of the detachment and commander of the first column. After arriving in Northern Shaanxi, the Shaanxi Gansu detachment resumed the designation of the first front army, served as the commander of the Red Army 1, and was elected as a member of the Northwest Revolutionary Military Commission. Then he led his troops to participate in the Zhiluo town campaign and the eastern expedition campaign. In June 1936, he was appointed president of China Anti Japanese Red Army University (hereinafter referred to as "red University") and later concurrently served as a political commissar. In January 1937, "Hongda" moved from Bao'an (Jin Zhidan) to Yan'an and changed its name to the Chinese people's Anti Japanese military and Political University (hereinafter referred to as "Anti Japanese university"), continued to serve as president and political commissar, as well as president and political commissar of the first branch of Anti Japanese university.

After the outbreak of the war of resistance against Japan, he was appointed as the commander of the 115th division of the Eighth Route Army and the Secretary of the military and Political Committee of the division. He also served as a member of the Revolutionary Military Commission of the CPC Central Committee and the front branch of the Military Commission, leading his department into the Anti Japanese front line in North China. On September 25, 1937, he set up an ambush at Pingxingguan with Nie Rongzhen command post, annihilated more than 1000 people of the 21st brigade of the 5th division of the Japanese army, destroyed more than 100 cars and more than 200 carriages, and seized more than 1000 guns, more than 50 military horses and a large number of other military materials, which won the first victory of the Chinese army in the active battle on the battlefield in North China, It broke the myth of "the Japanese army is invincible", improved the prestige of the Communist Party of China and the Eighth Route Army, and made him a famous Anti Japanese general. On October 17, he published an article in liberation weekly with the title of "experience in Pingxingguan battle", summarizing 12 experiences in fighting with the Japanese army. After the battle of Pingxingguan, the 343rd brigade led by Wutai Area went south, set up an ambush in Guangyang in early November, annihilated nearly 1000 Japanese troops, and seized more than 700 mules and horses and a large number of military supplies. In February 1938, he was ordered to lead the 115 division headquarters and 343 brigade from northeast Shanxi to the south to open up a base in Luliang area. On March 2, when the team directly under the division passed qianjiazhuang, north of Xi county, it was shot and mistakenly injured by the sentry of the 19th army guard force of the local garrison Yan Xishan because it was wearing the captured Japanese army coat and riding a foreign horse. From then on, I was afraid of sweating from the left side of the spine and the right side of the spine, and I was afraid of the bullet, so I was afraid of sweating all my life. Evacuate to Yan'an for treatment. The position of division commander is represented by Chen Guang, commander of 343 brigade. Since May, while recuperating, he has participated in the work of the "Anti Japanese Congress". He has made many reports and speeches on the educational policy of the "Anti Japanese Congress" and the leadership of the army. In the winter of the same year, with the approval of the Party Central Committee, he went to the Soviet Union for further medical treatment and lived in a sanatorium in korsky village on the outskirts of Moscow (externally known as "seven departments" or "eight departments", and Comintern known as "Chinese Party School"), which was taught by general instructors of vorongzhi military college. Later, when the Soviet German war was tense, the personnel of the Department were incorporated into the Soviet Red Army. According to Shi Zhe's memoirs, Lin Biao estimated an operation of the German army during this period and reported it to the Soviet military authorities, which was highly valued. In February 1942, he returned to Yan'an from Xinjiang and served as a member of the Management Committee of the Party School of the CPC Central Committee, presided over the military education conference and participated in the rectification movement. In August of the same year, Chiang Kai Shek made an appointment with Zhou Enlai in Chongqing and proposed to meet Mao Zedong in Xi'an. Considering Mao Zedong's security and struggle strategy, Zhou Enlai proposed that Lin Biao represent Mao Zedong to Xi'an to meet Chiang Kai Shek, and got the consent of Mao Zedong and the Secretariat of the CPC Central Committee. In mid September, he took a bus from Yan'an to Xi'an. Due to heavy rain, the road was blocked. When he arrived in Xi'an, Chiang Kai Shek had returned to Chongqing. He went from Xi'an to Chongqing and arrived at the Chongqing Office of the Eighth Route Army on October 7. In the next 10 months, together with Zhou Enlai, they held negotiations with Zhang Zhizhong, Chiang Kai Shek and others on overcoming the crisis of civil war and continuing to cooperate against Japan. In July 1943, he and Zhou Enlai left Chongqing and returned to Yan'an to continue working in the Party School of the CPC Central Committee. In April 1945, he participated in the Seventh National Congress of the Communist Party of China and was elected as a member of the Central Committee. In August, he was elected as a member of the Central Military Commission at the enlarged meeting of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee.

After the victory of the Anti Japanese War, he was sent to Shandong to be the commander of the Shandong military region and a member of the Shandong Branch of the Communist Party of China. In late September 1945, when he went to Puyang area of Henan Province, he received a telegram from the central government, so he was ordered to go to the northeast and arrive in Shenyang at the end of October. Since then, he has successively served as commander-in-chief of the Northeast People's autonomous army, commander-in-chief and political member of the Northeast Democratic Coalition army, commander and political member of the Northeast military region and the Northeast Field Army, Secretary of the Northeast Bureau of the CPC Central Committee, and President of the Northeast military and Political University. In the early stage of entering the northeast, according to the changes of the situation, he proposed to the Central Military Commission to shorten the front and was adopted. Later, he took part in and led the establishment of the northeast base area, and organized and commanded the campaigns of Siping, Xinkailing, three trips to the south of the Yangtze River, four guarantees and Linjiang. In 1947, it launched summer, autumn and winter offensives successively, annihilating more than 300000 Kuomintang troops, creating conditions for a strategic decisive battle in the northeast. Since then, he had hesitated to make a decision on the instructions of the Central Military Commission to go south, and it was not until July 1948 that he initially made up his mind to carry out the Liaoshen campaign. After the battle started in September, he made a correct judgment on the enemy's situation, held a battle in western Liaoning after conquering Jinzhou, surrounded and annihilated the Kuomintang army's "westward advance corps" and won a decisive victory in the battle. The campaign wiped out more than 470000 enemy troops, liberated the whole territory of Northeast China, and developed the Northeast troops from more than 130000 at the time of customs clearance to more than 1 million, becoming a powerful strategic mobile force of the people's Liberation Army. In November of the same year, he was ordered to lead the troops to enter the customs and serve as the commander of the people's Liberation Army and the Secretary of the General Front Committee of the CPC Pingjin front line. Together with Luo Ronghuan and Nie Rongzhen, he uniformly commanded the Northeast Field Army and the troops of the North China military region to carry out the Pingjin campaign, annihilating and reorganizing more than 520000 Kuomintang troops. He served as the commander of the fourth field army in March 1949, the commander of the central China Military Region in May, and the first Secretary of the central China Bureau of the CPC Central Committee. In June, he led the main force of the field army across the Yangtze River and successively commanded the battles of Yisha, Hunan and Jiangxi, Hengbao, Guangdong, Guangxi and Hainan Island, annihilating more than 430000 Kuomintang troops and liberating five provinces of Hunan, Hubei, Guangdong, Jiangxi and Guangxi. During the war of liberation, he summarized the combat experience of the troops and put forward tactical principles such as "one point and two sides", "three three systems", "four groups and one team", "four fast and one slow". His speeches on combat style and tactics have been printed and distributed to the troops to guide operations and training.

After the founding of new China, he served as the chairman of the Central South military and political Commission (later changed to the Central South Administrative Commission), the commander of the Central South military region and the fourth field army, and the first Secretary of the Central South Bureau of the CPC Central Committee. After attending the Third Plenary Session of the seventh CPC Central Committee in June 1950, the whole family moved to Beijing. Because his fear of light, water and wind became more and more serious, he began to leave work for diagnosis and treatment. In October of the same year, he went to the Soviet Union for medical treatment again with the approval of the central government. After returning to China in 1951, he lived in Maojiawan and still gave priority to recuperation. In November of the same year, he served as vice chairman of the people's Revolutionary Military Commission of the Central People's government. He has been Vice Premier of the State Council and vice chairman of the National Defense Commission since 1954. In April 1955, he was elected as a member of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee at the Fifth Plenary Session of the seventh CPC Central Committee. In September, he was awarded the first-class Bayi medal, the first-class independent freedom medal and the first-class Liberation Medal. During this period, although his position has been promoted, he basically did not work at his post, lived in seclusion, rarely appeared in public and participated in social activities. Since 1958, due to political needs and the improvement of physical condition, he began to become active gradually. In May of the same year, he participated in the second session of the Eighth CPC National Congress and the Fifth Plenary Session of the Eighth CPC Central Committee and was co elected as a member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee and vice chairman of the CPC Central Committee. At the same time, he intervened in the so-called "anti dogmatism" struggle, set off criticism of the "dogmatism tendency" in the whole army, and hurt a large number of cadres such as Liu Bocheng. He also served as Minister of national defense after the Lushan conference in 1959. Subsequently, the CPC Central Committee formed a new Military Commission and was appointed as the Standing Committee and vice chairman of the Military Commission to preside over the daily work of the Military Commission. Put forward and promote a whole set of "left" things to crack down on, persecute and crowd out some comrades who disagree with him; At the same time, we should worship Mao Zedong personally and simplify and vulgarize Mao Zedong thought. In 1964, seizing some shortcomings in the large-scale military training and competition of the whole army, he said that putting military first and technology first was the implementation of the "bourgeois military line" and "impacted politics and the study of Chairman Mao's works". Later, he said that military work should "highlight politics" and that "military training and production need to take a certain time, but they should not impact politics. On the contrary, politics can impact others." Lin Biao's views were resisted by Luo Ruiqing, chief of the general staff, and others. In the winter of 1965, Luo Ruiqing was falsely accused of "usurping the army and opposing the party" and put forward the so-called "Five Principles" to highlight politics, which suppressed the mass military contest movement of the whole army and dismissed Luo Ruiqing from his post at the same time. In early 1966, the PLA Political Work Conference was ordered to criticize Luo Ruiqing's so-called bourgeois military line and discuss how to implement the "Five Principles" highlighting politics. Since then, the arguments of "highlighting politics" and "politics can impact everything" have further poisoned the whole army. The normal relationship between political and military unity and political and professional unity in the army has become the relationship between impact and being impacted, overwhelming and being overwhelmed, resulting in serious interference and destruction to the work of the whole army.

After the beginning of the "Cultural Revolution", under the banner of "holding high" and "following closely", he deceived the superiors and deceived the subordinates, openly obeyed and secretly violated, formed a party for personal gain, formed a counter revolutionary group with Chen Boda, Huang Yongsheng, Wu Faxian, ye Qun, Li zuopung and Qiu huizuo, and colluded with Jiang Qing counter revolutionary group to deliberately frame and persecute party and state leaders, Plot to seize the supreme power of the party and the state. In April 1969, he was elected as a member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee, vice chairman of the CPC Central Committee and vice chairman of the Central Military Commission at the first plenary session of the ninth CPC Central Committee. He was designated as Mao Zedong's successor and written into the party constitution. Since then, his activities of usurping party power have intensified. On September 8, 1971, the counter revolutionary armed forces issued a warrant for a coup in an attempt to murder Mao Zedong and set up another Central Committee. After the plot was exposed, he forcibly fled from Shanhaiguan airport with his wife Ye Qun and son Lin Liguo at 0:00 on September 13. At 3:00 a.m., the plane was destroyed and people were killed 10 kilometers south of the beh mining area in wendur Khan Kent Province, the people's Republic of Mongolia. On August 20, 1973, the CPC Central Committee decided to expel him from the Communist Party of China. On January 25, 1981, the special court of the Supreme People's Court of the people's Republic of China made a judgment on him and was confirmed as the principal criminal of the counter revolutionary group case.

Grandpa: Lin Shilang

Father: Lin Mingqing

Mother: Lin Chen

Brothers: Lin qingfo, Lin Yuju

Wife: Zhang Mei, with one daughter (Lin Xiaolin).

Wife: ye Qun, with one son and one daughter (Lin Liguo, Lin Liheng).

Deng Xiaoping:

-Lin Biao and the gang of four completely deviated from the fundamental principles of Marxism Leninism and Mao Zedong thought.

-Lin Biao also separated Mao Zedong Thought from Marxism Leninism. This is a serious distortion of Mao Zedong Thought and is extremely detrimental to our party and socialist cause and to the international communist movement.

-Lin Biao and the gang of four wreaked havoc on the national economy in the decade from 1966 to 1976, with extremely serious consequences.

Xi Zhongxun: Lin Biao and the gang of four wantonly destroyed the revolutionary united front and seriously interfered with the realization of the grand goals of the four modernizations.

After the beginning of the "Cultural Revolution", under the banner of "holding high" and "following closely", he deceived the superiors and deceived the subordinates, openly obeyed and secretly violated, formed a party for personal gain, formed a counter revolutionary group with Chen Boda, Huang Yongsheng, Wu Faxian, ye Qun, Li zuopung and Qiu huizuo, and colluded with Jiang Qing counter revolutionary group to deliberately frame and persecute party and state leaders, Plot to seize the supreme power of the party and the state.