Zhu Wen

Zhu Wen

Liang Taizu and Zhu Wen

From December 9, 852 to July 18, 912, he was in power from the first year of Kaiping (907) to the second year of Qianhua (912). He was born in Dangshan County, Songzhou (now Dangshan County, Anhui Province) and the founding emperor of the Later Liang Dynasty. He was given the name "Zhu Quanzhong" by Emperor Fu Zong of the Tang Dynasty and changed his name to Zhu Huang after he ascended the throne.

In 875, he joined the peasant uprising led by Wang Xianzhi and Huang Chao, and successively captured Luoyang, Chang'an and other places, greatly shaking the dominant position of the Tang Dynasty. In the second year of Zhonghe (882), he was attached to Wang chongrong and Yang Fuguang of the Tang army, and joined with Li Keyong to suppress the Huang Chao army. Due to his meritorious work in suppressing the Huang Chao army, he was named "Quan Zhong" by Emperor Fu Zong of Tang Dynasty, and served as the Deputy envoy of Henan Zhonghang camp. In the following year, he paid homage to the governor of bianzhou, appointed the governor of Xuanwu army, and then became the king of Liang. Taking Henan as the center, he tried his best to expand his power and gradually became the biggest separatist power in the late Tang Dynasty. In 901, Zhu Wen led his army into Guanzhong and controlled the central government of Tang Dynasty. In the first year of Tianyou (904), Emperor Zhaozong of Tang Dynasty was forced to move to Luoyang by force, and was soon killed. Li Qi, the son of emperor Zhaozong, was Emperor AI of Tang Dynasty (also known as emperor Zhaoxuan). In the fourth year of Tianyou (907), Zhu Wen won the throne of emperor AI in the form of abdication. He was called emperor in the Tang Dynasty and was named Liang after the founding of the people's Republic of China.

In the second year of Qianhua (912), Zhu Wen was killed by his parents and son Zhu Youli because of the problem of succession. Zhu Wen was in power for six years. At the age of 61, he was given a posthumous title

Emperor shengxiao of Shenwu yuan

, temple name

Taizu

. In November of the same year, Xuanling was buried.

Life of the characters

Rebel generals

On the night of December 21, 852, the sixth year of Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty, Zhu Wen was born in wugouli, Dangshan County, Songzhou. His father and grandfather were scholars and teachers, but never officials. However, their position was so important that they could intermarry with a more famous local official family. The eldest brother Zhu Quanyu, the second brother Zhu Cun, and Zhu Wen ranked third. Because his father died early and his family was poor, his mother Wang took their brother's servants to eat at Liu Chong's house in Xiaoxian county. When Zhu Wen grew up, he didn't engage in production and boasted of his bravery. Most of the villagers resented him. Liu Chong didn't like him either. Only Liu Chong's mother treated him well.

During the Qianfu period of emperor Xizong of Tang Dynasty, there were many years of famine in Shandong Province, and groups of bandits gathered together. Huang Chao took the opportunity to rise in Caozhou and Puzhou, and tens of thousands of hungry people voluntarily followed him. In the fourth year of Qianfu (877), Zhu Wen and his second brother Zhu Cun bid farewell to Liu chongjia and joined the Huangchao army. When Huang Chao's army moved to Lingnan, Zhu Cun died, and Zhu Wen became the team leader because of his contribution.

On December 5, 880, the first year of Guangming Dynasty, Huang Chao uprising army captured Chang'an, the capital of Tang Dynasty, and Tang Fu Zong fled to Chengdu. Huang Chao sent Zhu Wen to lead the troops stationed in Dongwei bridge. At this time, the Tang Dynasty stationed Zhuge Shuang's troops in Liyang (now Wutun Town, Yanliang District, Xi'an City, Shaanxi Province). Huangchao sent Zhu Wen to recruit Zhuge Shuang. Zhuge Shuang was persuaded by Zhu Wen to surrender to Huangchao.

In February of the first year of Zhonghe (881), Zhu Wen was appointed as Marquis of yuhou, the southeast camp capital. He was ordered to capture Dengzhou (now Dengzhou City, Henan Province), captured assassin Shi Zhaojie, blocked the northern attack of Tang army from Jingxiang area, and stabilized the situation in the Southeast of the new "Daqi" regime. In June, when Zhu Wen returned to Chang'an, Huang Chao went to Bashang to work in person. In July, Zhu Wen was transferred to Xingping (now Xianyang Xingping, Shaanxi Province) in the west of Chang'an to fight against the Tang army mobilized from Pei (now Binxian county), Qi (now Fengxiang County South), Wen (now Fuxian county) and Xia (now Jingbian County North). In August, Li Xiaochang and Li Sigong were stationed at Dongwei bridge (located in Gaoling District, Xi'an City, Shaanxi Province). Huang Chao sent Zhu Wen to resist. In September, Zhu Wen defeated Tang generals Li Sigong and Li Xiaochang in the area of Dongwei bridge. In November, Meng Kai and Zhu Wen defeated Li Xiaochang and Li Sigong's troops in Fuping. Two Li failed and fled back to their original towns.

Betray Qi and surrender to Tang Dynasty

In February of the second year of Zhonghe (882), Huang Chao appointed Zhu Wen as the defense envoy of Tongzhou (now Dali County, Weinan City, Shaanxi Province), and let Zhu Wen attack by himself. Zhu Wen led his troops south from Danzhou (now Yichuan, Shaanxi Province) and soon conquered Tongzhou, where Shi Micheng, the governor of Tongzhou, fled to the river. At that time, he Zhongdu envoy Wang chongrong stationed tens of thousands of troops, combined with other vassal towns, and planned to recover Tongzhou. Zhu Wen and Wang chongrong fought in the river. Wang chongrong selected 30000 elite soldiers to attack Zhu Wen. Zhu Wen was afraid and sank all the boats in the river.

After being defeated by Wang chongrong, Zhu Wen asked for support from Huang Chao. After ten times, he was informed by Meng Kaiyin, the left army envoy of Huang Chao. He also heard that Huang Chao's army was in a predicament and most of its generals were demoralized. His trusted generals Hu Zhen and Xie Tong advised him to surrender to the Tang Dynasty anyway. Zhu Wen believed that Huang Chao's uprising army would fail, so he was ready to surrender to the Tang Dynasty.

In September of the second year of Zhonghe (882), Zhu Wen, together with his confidants, killed Huang Chao's supervisor Yan Shi and led the whole TongZhou army and people to surrender to Wang chongrong. Yang Fuguang wanted to kill Zhu Wen, but Wang chongrong stopped him and said, "now the soldiers of Huang Chao are recruited, and those who surrender will be pardoned. Besides, Zhu Wen is brave and can be used. It's bad luck to kill him." Zhu Wen recognized Wang chongrong as his uncle. Wang Duo abided by the imperial edict and took Zhu Wen as Tonghua's envoy. On the same day, Wang chongrong quickly wrote a memorial to the imperial court. When Tang Xizong saw the memorial in Shu County, he said happily, "this is the general that God gave me.". Zhu wenzuojin was granted the official post of general Wuwei in the imperial edict. He served as the Deputy envoy of the camp in the middle of the river and was also given the name of "Quanzhong". From then on, Zhu Wen led his old army and the soldiers in the river to fight together.

In February of the third year of Zhonghe (883), the Tang court appointed Zhu Wen as governor of bianzhou and governor of Xuanwu army. He had to wait until the Tang army recovered the capital. So Zhu Wen stepped up the siege of Chang'an with the Tang army. In April, Huang Chao withdrew from Chang'an, left lantianguan (today's lantianjing) to the East, and entered caizhou (today's Runan County, Henan Province). The governor of caizhou in the Tang Dynasty, Qin Zongquan, surrendered and entered Chenzhou (today's Huaiyang County, Henan Province).

Extricate Chenzhou

< sub > master data: < / sub >

< sub > the battle between Tang Dynasty and Qi Dynasty

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< sub > battle of Chenzhou in Huangchao

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< sub > shangyuanyi event

At this time, Zhu Jiewen took office in 883. From then on, bianzhou (Xuanwu Army) became his base camp. At that time, there were starving people everywhere in Bian, song and other places, and the materials used by the officials and the people were exhausted. The arrogance of internal and external soldiers and horses was hard to suppress, and they were faced with internal and external crisis, but Zhu Wen's military situation was increasing day by day. At that time, Qin Zongquan, the governor of caizhou, joined with the rest of Huangchao party and surrounded Chenzhou. Emperor Fu of the Tang Dynasty issued an imperial edict. Because Huang Chao was not pacified, Zhu Wen recruited envoys for the northeast to support Chenzhou.

In the spring of the fourth year of Zhonghe (884), Huang Chao's forces were still very strong. Zhou Ji, Shi Pu, Zhu Wen and others could not resist them alone. They called for help from Li Keyong, the governor of Hedong. Zhu Wen attacked Huangchao's troops in wazizhai and captured wazizhai; Huangchao's generals Li TangBin and Chuqiu's King Qianyu surrendered to Zhu Wen. At that time, there were a lot of Huang Chao's remaining troops around Chenzhou. Zhu Wen divided his troops to put out Huang Chao's troops that surrounded Chenzhou and went through 40 battles. In April, Zhu Wen's army captured Xihua village, and Huang Siye, Huang Chao's general, was left with only one man to run to Chenzhou on horseback. Zhu Wen took advantage of the victory to pursue and advance. Huang Chao's army retreated and Zhu Wen invaded Chenzhou. Because Zhao Xun, the governor of Chenzhou, was very grateful to Zhu Wen. He came to his horse to greet him and then attached himself to him. Soon after hearing that the rest of Huang Chao's party was still in Guyang base to the north of Chenzhou, Zhu Wen went directly back to bianzhou.

At this time, Hedong Jiedu envoy Li Keyong was ordered by Emperor Fu Zong of the Tang Dynasty to command thousands of cavalry to jointly plan to destroy Huangchao. Wang Mandu, who met with Zhu Wen in the north of Zhongmou, went to war with Huangchao's army. When Huangchao's army was halfway across the river, he attacked him, defeated Huangchao and killed more than 10000 of Huangchao's army. General Huo Cun, GE Congzhou, Zhang Guihou and Zhang guiba also knelt down in front of Zhu Wen's horse. Zhu Wen pardoned their crimes and took them in.

On May 14, 884, Zhu Wen and Li Keyong's troops returned to bianzhou, and Li Keyong was placed in Shangyuan Posthouse. Then Zhu Wen gave him a big banquet. Li Ke lost his temper when he was drunk, which angered Zhu Wen. That night, Zhu Wen ordered the soldiers to attack Li Ke's residence. Just in case of heavy rain, thunder and lightning, Li Keyong took advantage of the thunder and lightning to escape over the wall, only killing more than 100 of his subordinates. When Li Keyong arrived in the army, he filed a lawsuit against Tang Xizong, requesting troops to serve Zhu Wen, and Tang Xizong reconciled him. Li Keyong was asked to reassure him by the king of Longxi.

In June of the fourth year of Zhonghe (884), the people of Chenzhou built a memorial hall for Zhu Wen in order to thank Zhu Wen for relieving the siege of Chenzhou. In the same year, Huang Chao was defeated and fled to langhu Valley (now the southwest of Laiwu, Shandong Province), where he died. Qin Zongquan in caizhou took over Huang Chao's position. Qin Zongquan invaded the surrounding towns. Zhu Wen was attacked by Qin Zongquan, and the situation was very critical. Zhu Wen sent his junior brother Zhu Jin to rescue Zhu Wen and defeat Qin Zongquan in Hexiang. Zhu Wen was very grateful to Zhu Zhen and became a brother with him. On September 2, Emperor Fu Zong of the Tang Dynasty granted Zhu Wen the title of inspector situ and Tongping Zhangshi. He was also granted the title of Marquis of Peijun and a thousand households in the city.

Level with caizhou

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< sub > the battle between Tang and Qin Zongquan in caizhou

In the spring of the first year of Guangqi (885), Qin Zongquan seized Bo

Chinese PinYin : Zhu Wen