Zhao Yiman

Zhao Yiman

Zhao Yiman (October 27, 1905 - August 2, 1936), female, Han nationality, formerly known as Li Kuntai, also known as Li Yichao, is also known as Li Jie. Baihua Town, Yibin County, Sichuan Province (now Baihua Town, Cuiping District, Yibin City, Sichuan Province). He is a member of the Communist Party of China and a national hero of the Anti Japanese war. He studied in Moscow Sun Yat sen University and graduated from the sixth phase of Huangpu Military Academy. Zhao Yiman served as political commissar of the second regiment of the third army of the Northeast Anti Japanese United Army in 1935. He was arrested and died in August 1936 in the struggle against the Japanese aggressors. Zhao Yiman has a poem "Binjiang Shuhuai", his hometown Yibin has "Zhao Yiman Memorial", and related films include "Zhao Yiman", "my mother Zhao Yiman", etc. On September 10, 2009, he was rated as one of the "100 heroes and models who made outstanding contributions to the founding of new China".

Life of the characters

Early experience

On October 27, 1905, Zhao Yiman was born into a feudal landlord family in baiyangzui village, northern Yibin County, Sichuan Province (now Yiman village, Baihua Town, Cuiping District, Yibin City, Sichuan Province). Li Hongxu, his father, once spent money to donate the title of "supervising students". Later, he taught himself Chinese medicine and went to see a doctor for the village. Her mother, LAN Mingfu, is a housekeeper. She has six women and three men, and one man ranks seventh. In 1913, at the age of 8, Zhao Yiman entered the "private school" with good grades. In 1918, at the age of 13, his father died, and his elder brother Li Xiru and his elder sister Zhou Banghan were the housekeepers.

In 1924, her elder brother-in-law Zheng Youzhi (member of the first Sichuan provincial Party committee of the Communist Party of China) introduced her to join the Socialist Youth League.

On February 28, 1926, she was admitted to Yibin women's middle school (now the second middle school of Yibin City, Sichuan Province). When studying, he was elected as member of the Standing Committee of the middle school girls' Association and head of the communication unit, and chairman of the Standing Committee of the Yibin women's Federation. In the same year, when the Yibin special branch was established, she became a member of the Communist Party from a league member, and served as the party secretary of the Yibin women's Federation and the Yibin students' Federation.

Study communism

In May 1926, the first anniversary of the May 30th Movement was the climax of boycotting foreign goods. According to the instructions of the Communist Party of China, Zhao Yiman organized party members to publicize among the students and boycotted the British kerosene ship approaching Yibin wharf. The students were subjected to armed repression, which led to the strike, strike and class strike in the whole city. He joined the Communist Party of China in the summer of 1926. In October 1926, Zhao Yiman was admitted to Huangpu Military Academy in Wuhan. In November, he studied in Wuhan Central Military and political school.

In September 1927, he went to study at Sun Yat sen University in Moscow, the Soviet Union.

In the winter of 1928, Zhao Yiman was ordered to return to China. He successively worked in Yichang, Shanghai, Jiangxi and other places. In April 1928, Zhao Yiman married Chen Dabang, a native of Hunan Province. She got pregnant soon after marriage. In November, Zhao Yiman returned to Shanghai. In December, he was sent to work in Yichang. She gave birth to a son in Yichang. It's called Ning'er.

In 1930, Zhao Yiman returned to Shanghai with his children and fostered them in the home of Chen yueyun, Chen Dabang's elder brother.

Leading Anti Japanese activities

After the September 18th Incident in 1931, he was transferred to Northeast China to lead the workers' struggle in Shenyang factory.

In 1932, Zhao Yiman was Secretary and organization Minister of Manchuria Federation of trade unions.

In 1933, Zhao Yiman was appointed Deputy Secretary of Harbin Federation of trade unions. In April of the same year, he took part in and led the Anti Japanese strike of Harbin tram workers. In order to cover her identity, she once pretended to be husband and wife with Lao Cao (Huang Weixin), the head of Manchuria Federation of trade unions.

In the spring of 1934, Zhao Yiman served as a member of the CPC Zhuhe Central County Committee and Secretary of the Tiebei District Committee. He mobilized the masses to establish peasant guerrillas to cooperate with the Anti Japanese forces. Later, he served as a political commissar of the second regiment of the third army of the Northeast People's revolutionary army and led his troops to the east of Harbin, which dealt a heavy blow to the Japanese puppets. In July, she went to the Anti Japanese guerrilla area east of Harbin and served as a member of the Zhuhe central county Party committee. Later, she served as the Secretary of the Zhuhe district Party committee. At one time, the soldiers of the Anti Japanese Federation mistook her for the sister of commander-in-chief Zhao Shangzhi.

In the autumn of 1935, Zhao Yiman was also political commissar of the second regiment of the first division of the third army of the Northeast People's revolutionary army. The masses affectionately called her "thin Li" and "Sister Li", while the local soldiers called her "our female political commissar". The Japanese puppet newspapers also marveled at this "red gun and white horse" woman.

Arrested and killed

In November 1935, in the battle with the Japanese army, Zhao Yiman was captured in a coma after suffering leg injuries in order to cover the troops. In order to obtain valuable information from Zhao Yiman, the Japanese army went to a military doctor for simple treatment of his leg injury and interrogated him overnight.

In prison, the Japanese used torture, she did not reveal any information. Zhao Yiman endured the pain and denounced all kinds of crimes since the Japanese invasion of China. Seeing that Zhao Yiman refused to give in, the Japanese used a whip to stab his leg. Zhao Yiman, who was seriously injured, showed the determination of a Chinese to defend his nation. He fainted several times and remained unyielding, saying: "my purpose, my doctrine and my belief are anti Manchuria and anti Japanese." Did not say a word about the Anti Japanese Federation.

On December 13, 1935, because Zhao Yiman's leg was seriously injured and her life was in danger, the Japanese army sent her to Harbin Municipal Hospital for surveillance and treatment in order to get an important confession. During her stay in hospital, Zhao Yiman used all kinds of opportunities to educate Dong Xianxun, the policeman guarding her, and Han Yongyi, the female nurse, on Anti Japanese patriotism. The educated two decided to help Zhao Yiman escape from the Japanese army.

On June 28, 1936, Dong Xianxun and Han Yongyi carried Zhao Yiman out of the hospital and sent him to a car hired in advance. After walking around, Zhao Yiman went to Dong Xianxun's uncle's house in Jinjia shack in Acheng county. On June 30, 1936, Zhao Yiman was caught up by the Japanese army on his way to the Anti Japanese guerrilla area and fell into the hands of the Japanese army again. After Zhao Yiman was brought back to Harbin, the Japanese military and police tortured her with tiger stool, pepper water and electrocution. But she was always unyielding and did not reveal any truth. Knowing that they could not get any useful information from Zhao Yiman, the Japanese Army decided to send her back to Zhuhe county and put her to death.

On August 1, 1936, the Japanese army escorted her to the Pearl River. On August 2, the Japanese tied it to a cart and "paraded around the streets" in Zhuhe county. At this time, before Zhao Yiman died, in the face of the enemy's butcher's knife, she chanted the slogans of "down with Japanese imperialism" and "long live the Communist Party of China". When Zhao Yiman walked to the center of the lawn outside the small north gate, several military and police guns aimed at her. A Japanese officer came up to Zhao Yiman and asked, "do you have anything else to say?" Zhao Yiman glared angrily, handed the paper roll in his hand and said, "pass these words on to my son in my hometown!" The Japanese officer read the note and waved to the soldiers and police. The evil bullet shot into Zhao Yiman's body and died outside xiaobeimen gate in Zhuhe county (now Shangzhi County, Heilongjiang Province). He was only 31 years old.

personal works

Binjiang Shuhuai

Zhao Yiman

Vowing to be a man, not a home,

Cross the river, cross the sea and go to the end of the world.

If all men are good,

Why do women work in other countries?

Not cherishing the new homeland,

Gan Jiang's blood will be in China.

The White Mountains and the black waters eliminate the enemy,

Look at the red flag.

Passionate letter

When Zhao Yiman died, he left his son's expectation: "it's a pity that your mother didn't do her duty to educate you. Because of her resolute struggle against Manchuria and Japan, my mother is on the eve of sacrifice today. Hope you, Ning'er! Grow up quickly and comfort your underground mother! When you grow up, I hope you don't forget that your mother died for the country

Character evaluation

Nie Rongzhen commented on Zhao Yiman: "Comrade Zhao Yiman participated in the vigorous revolutionary struggle led by our party as early as the 1920s, and gave his most precious life for national liberation! It shows the heroism of the Chinese daughter and the noble quality of the Communist Party members. Her great heroic image and brilliant achievements will always inspire the Chinese people to persevere, forge ahead and strive for the liberation of all mankind! Martyr Zhao Yiman, the Anti Japanese national hero, is immortal

Dong Biwu wrote a poem for Zhao Yiman: "the tide of revolution is mixed with drums, and Yibin's sons and daughters move their boudoirs. How can we live in the same camp? Rise up and join the army. Before the victory of the Northern Expedition flag was over, the traitors decided to oppose the workers and peasants. When the Japanese invaders came to Shandong, the national crisis forced us to meet again. To the north, to the south, to the party, not because of the burden of disease. Workers and peasants must participate in the liberation, and the spearhead of Anti Japanese war should come first. He became a prisoner even though he failed to win the war against Japanese invaders. He is a good son and daughter of China and has a long history of blood in the Pearl River. "

Chen Yi commented on Zhao Yiman: "he was born a people's cadre and died a revolutionary hero. We will never be humiliated in the face of the enemy's great day, and we will always remember in the hearts of the people. "

Zhao Yiman is honored as the national soul of "white mountains and black waters" by the people of Harbin, while the Party History Research Office of Harbin municipal Party committee calls him "the vanguard of women who are forever remembered by all people."

Commemoration of later generations

Commemorative Poems

Poems on Zhao Yiman Memorial

Deep memory of Anti Japanese heroine Zhao Yiman

Vowing to seek liberation for the nation, the war is fierce.

In the face of national calamity, the mountains and rivers were broken and the copper walls were cast.

The red spear rustles to kill the Japanese pirates, and the white horse rustles to drive the jackals.

The heroine's bones are fragrant in the history.

Guo Moruo's Poems

Among the rich women heroes in Sichuan, there are still traces of jade on the stone pillars.

Zhao Yiman, the song of the four seas, is a female pioneer in the memory of all people.

Youth in exchange for strong, blue blood dyed the world red.

Northeast and southwest Qi Yang hand, Pearl River Yi Zai Yang east wind.

Yiman Street

In order to commemorate Zhao Yiman's lamentable Anti Japanese deeds, Harbin city named a main street she fought as Yiman street.

Character's former residence

Zhao Yiman's former residence is located in baiyangzui, Yiman village, Baihua Town, Yibin County, Sichuan Province. It is a courtyard building composed of main hall and wing rooms. It is a civil structure building with suspended Hill roof. The county, city and provincial people's governments have successively designated them as cultural relics protection

Chinese PinYin : Zhao Yi Man